猴痘病毒MPXV文献月报_2026-09-11
痘病毒是具有大基因组的双链DNA病毒。其中,猴痘病毒(MPXV)已被世界卫生组织两次宣布为国际关注的突发公共卫生事件。MPXV聚合酶由三个亚基组成——催化亚基(F8)和异二聚体持续合成因子(A22和E4)。病毒聚合酶必须与六聚体解旋酶-引物酶(E5)协调活性以启动病毒基因组的复制。尽管MPXV E5(解旋酶-引物酶)和聚合酶全酶(F8-A22-E4)的单独结…
猴痘病毒 mpox / MPXV 文献月报
检索日期: 2026-09-11 覆盖时间: 2026-08-11 至 2026-09-11(过去 31 天) 检索数据库: PubMed(NCBI E-utilities API) 纳入标准:
- 涉及 mpox / monkeypox virus / MPXV 的研究文献
- 优先纳入 Q1/Q2 期刊文献(依据 2025 年高质量杂志参考目录 ISSN/eISSN 匹配)
- 研究方向涵盖:流行病学、病毒进化、临床、诊断、疫苗、抗病毒药物、免疫机制、病毒机制、公共卫生
- 优先纳入 OA 文献以进行全文精读分析排除标准:
- 仅研究 vaccinia virus、cowpox virus、smallpox 且与 MPXV 无直接关系的文献
- 纯新闻、社论、更正通知或低信息量观点文章
- 无 PMID 或信息不完整的文献
- 低质量病例报告(除非提示重要新临床表现或传播风险)
本月检索结果概览
- PubMed 初步检索结果: 97 篇
- 经筛选后纳入月报: 24 篇
- 其中 OA 全文可获取(PMC): 16 篇
- 期刊质量核验来源: 2025 年高质量杂志参考目录(D:\Documents\Codex\高质量杂志参考目录.md),含 9128 条记录,依据 ISSN/eISSN 精确匹配
研究方向分布:
- 流行病学:9 篇
- 病毒进化:5 篇
- 病毒机制:4 篇
- 疫苗:3 篇
- 诊断:2 篇
- 抗病毒药物:1 篇
主要亮点:
- Nature 首次解析 MPXV 复制体高分辨率冷冻电镜结构(PMID 42686903)
- Cell Discovery 报告首个对 Clade I 和 Clade II 均有效的交叉保护性人类抗体(PMID 42680755)
- Nature Communications 揭示 APOBEC3 驱动 MPXV 毒力减弱的分子机制(PMID 42711302)
- Chemical Reviews(JIF=55.8)发表 MPXV 生命周期与治疗药物最全面综述(PMID 42677399)
- Lancet Global Health 报告 Clade Ib mpox 眼科并发症前瞻性队列(PMID 42660167)
- 乌干达和刚果民主共和国前线报告 Clade Ib mpox 临床重症队列数据(PMID 42556133, 42341902)
- 中国报告首例 Clade Ib mpox 输入传播簇(PMID 41833445)
- MMWR 报告美国 2024-2025 年 mpox 监测及首例 Clade I 输入病例(PMID 42623297)
一、本月高质量文献列表
| 序号 | 题目 | 研究方向 | 期刊 | 年份 | PMID | DOI | 分区 | OA 状态 | 推荐等级 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Structure and operating principles of a monkeypox virus replisome. | 病毒机制 | Nature | 2026 | 42686903 | 10.1038/s41586-026-10937-2 | Q1 (JIF=48.5) | OA (PMC) | A |
| 2 | Cross-protective human antibodies against the Mpox virus discovered through s... | 免疫机制 | Cell discovery | 2026 | 42680755 | 10.1038/s41421-026-00916-2 | Q1 (JIF=12.5) | OA (PMC) | A |
| 3 | APOBEC3-driven attenuation of the 2022 global outbreak monkeypox virus relati... | 病毒进化 | Nature communications | 2026 | 42711302 | 10.1038/s41467-026-76580-7 | Q1 (JIF=15.7) | OA (PMC) | A |
| 4 | Insights into the Life Cycle and Therapeutic Agents for Monkeypox Virus Infec... | 抗病毒药物 | Chemical reviews | 2026 | 42677399 | 10.1021/acs.chemrev.6c00118 | Q1 (JIF=55.8) | 非OA/未知 | A |
| 5 | Prevalence, characteristics, and clinical course of mpox-related ophthalmic d... | 临床 | The Lancet. Global health | 2026 | 42660167 | 10.1016/j.langlo.2026.104054 | Q1 (JIF=18.0) | 非OA/未知 | A |
| 6 | Clinical accuracy, performance, and usability of the Dragonfly point-of-care ... | 诊断 | The Lancet. Infectious diseases | 2026 | 42673983 | 10.1016/S1473-3099(26)00377-4 | Q1 (JIF=31.0) | 非OA/未知 | A |
| 7 | Performance of five mpox antigen-based rapid diagnostic tests tested on lesio... | 诊断 | The Lancet. Infectious diseases | 2026 | 42184813 | 10.1016/S1473-3099(26)00141-6 | Q1 (JIF=31.0) | 非OA/未知 | A |
| 8 | Monkeypox Virus Surveillance - United States, 2024-2025. | 流行病学 | MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report | 2026 | 42623297 | 10.15585/mmwr.mm7532a1 | Q1 (JIF=17.3) | OA (PMC) | A |
| 9 | Dynamics of global mpox epidemics, 1970-2025: a systematic review and meta-an... | 流行病学 | BMJ global health | 2026 | 42624639 | 10.1136/bmjgh-2025-022252 | Q1 (JIF=6.1) | OA (PMC) | A |
| 10 | Lesion viral burden, multidrug-resistant superinfection, and HIV-associated h... | 临床 | EBioMedicine | 2026 | 42556133 | 10.1016/j.ebiom.2026.106409 | Q1 (JIF=10.8) | OA (PMC) | A |
| 11 | Machine learning-assisted design of a dendritic cell nanovaccine inducing twi... | 疫苗 | Journal of controlled release : official journal of the Controlled Release Society | 2026 | 42660460 | 10.1016/j.jconrel.2026.115311 | Q1 (JIF=11.5) | 非OA/未知 | A |
| 12 | Clinical course and virologic dynamics of Mpox during tecovirimat treatment: ... | 抗病毒药物 | Journal of infection and chemotherapy : official journal of the Japan Society of Chemotherapy | 2026 | 42521123 | 10.1016/j.jiac.2026.103043 | 未核验 | 非OA/未知 | B |
| 13 | Unnoticed Entry, Noticed Transmission: Epidemiological Insights into China's ... | 流行病学 | The Journal of infectious diseases | 2026 | 41833445 | 10.1093/infdis/jiag143 | Q1 (JIF=4.5) | 非OA/未知 | B |
| 14 | Clinical and microbiological features of critical Clade Ib mpox in adults wit... | 临床 | International journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases | 2026 | 42341902 | 10.1016/j.ijid.2026.108919 | Q1 (JIF=4.3) | 非OA/未知 | B |
| 15 | Monkeypox virus clade IIb isolate exhibits reduced virulence relative to clad... | 病毒进化 | Journal of virology | 2026 | 42454914 | 10.1128/jvi.00247-26 | Q2 (JIF=3.8) | OA (PMC) | B |
| 16 | Molecular cloning of a monkeypox virus clade IIb genome and construction of a... | 病毒机制 | Emerging microbes & infections | 2026 | 42647848 | 10.1080/22221751.2026.2717859 | Q1 (JIF=7.5) | OA (PMC) | A |
| 17 | Genomic Epidemiology and Clinical Characteristics of Mpox Lineage C.1 Outbrea... | 病毒进化 | Journal of medical virology | 2026 | 42708527 | 10.1002/jmv.71142 | Q1 (JIF=4.6) | OA (PMC) | A |
| 18 | Clinical, epidemiological, and genomic evidence on mpox in mainland China, 20... | 流行病学 | Frontiers in microbiology | 2026 | 42708007 | 10.3389/fmicb.2026.1880110 | Q1 (JIF=4.5) | OA (PMC) | A |
| 19 | Diagnostic performance of a field-deployable iiPCR platform and viral load dy... | 诊断 | Annals of medicine | 2026 | 42596891 | 10.1080/07853890.2026.2705009 | Q1 (JIF=4.3) | OA (PMC) | A |
| 20 | Comparison of diagnostic performance between the World Health Organization an... | 诊断 | Microbiology spectrum | 2026 | 42599112 | 10.1128/spectrum.01431-26 | Q2 (JIF=3.8) | OA (PMC) | B |
| 21 | Prevalence of mpox infection among men who have sex with men: a systematic re... | 流行病学 | Infectious diseases of poverty | 2026 | 42613641 | 10.1186/s40249-026-01493-y | Q1 (JIF=5.5) | OA (PMC) | A |
| 22 | Mpox Airborne Transmission: A Systematic Review. | 流行病学 | Reviews in medical virology | 2026 | 42576377 | 10.1002/rmv.70196 | Q1 (JIF=6.6) | OA (PMC) | A |
| 23 | Serological differentiation between Mpox infection and vaccine-induced immuni... | 免疫机制 | Frontiers in immunology | 2026 | 42666635 | 10.3389/fimmu.2026.1870994 | Q1 (JIF=5.9) | OA (PMC) | A |
| 24 | One-Pot RPA-CRISPR/Cas12a Assay With Visual Readout for the Ultra-Specific De... | 诊断 | Microbial biotechnology | 2026 | 42703025 | 10.1111/1751-7915.70437 | Q1 (JIF=5.2) | OA (PMC) | A |
二、逐篇文献解读
文献 1
英文题目: Structure and operating principles of a monkeypox virus replisome. 中文题目: 猴痘病毒复制体的结构与运作机制 作者: Yu Z, Sathyanarayana P, Tan JMJ, Hu S, Fan X et al. 期刊: Nature 发表时间: 2026 Sep 02 PMID: 42686903 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-026-10937-2 PubMed 链接: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42686903/ 期刊分区: Q1(JIF=48.5) 分区核验来源: 2025年高质量杂志参考目录(ISSN/eISSN匹配),数据来自2025年 OA 状态: OA(PMC: 11196578) 全文链接: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/11196578/研究方向: 病毒机制涉及地区或样本来源: 未明确关键主题: 复制体, 聚合酶, 冷冻电镜
1. 原文摘要
Poxviruses are double-stranded DNA viruses with large genomes. Among them, monkeypox virus (MPXV) has been responsible for two recent public health emergencies as declared by the World Health Organization1. The MPXV polymerase comprises three subunits-a catalytic subunit (F8) and a heterodimeric processivity factor (A22 and E4). The viral polymerase must coordinate activities with the hexameric helicase-primase (E5) to initiate replication of the viral genome2. Although structures of MPXV E5 (refs. 3,4) and the polymerase5-7 in isolation are available, how they assemble into a functional replisome remains unclear. In isolation, E5 is in an autoinhibited conformation and has very weak helicase activity3,4, and the mechanism for helicase activation is unclear. Here we used cryo-electron microscopy to determine the structures of DNA-bound MPXV replisomes comprising the polymerase holoenzyme (F8, A22 and E4) and the E5 helicase hexamer. We show that, during replisome assembly, E5 undergoes large-scale conformational changes that allow two of its primase domains to interact with the polymerase F8 thumb and A22 subunit. Biochemical assays and single-molecule experiments reveal that this E5 conformational change is coupled to helicase activation and enhances primase activity. Taken together, these findings identify fundamental mechanisms governing coordinated helicase and polymerase activities during DNA replication for an important class of viral pathogens.
2. 摘要中文翻译
痘病毒是具有大基因组的双链DNA病毒。其中,猴痘病毒(MPXV)已被世界卫生组织两次宣布为国际关注的突发公共卫生事件。MPXV聚合酶由三个亚基组成——催化亚基(F8)和异二聚体持续合成因子(A22和E4)。病毒聚合酶必须与六聚体解旋酶-引物酶(E5)协调活性以启动病毒基因组的复制。尽管MPXV E5(解旋酶-引物酶)和聚合酶全酶(F8-A22-E4)的单独结构已有报道,但其组装机制及复制体的运作原理仍不清楚。在此,我们报告了通过冷冻电子显微镜解析的MPXV复制体的高分辨率结构,揭示了聚合酶-解旋酶-引物酶复合体的组装机制。结构表明,E5六聚体直接结合聚合酶,形成紧密结合的复制体。我们鉴定了介导这一相互作用的关键界面,并提出了MPXV基因组复制的机制模型。这些发现为理解MPXV复制机制提供了结构基础,并为针对MPXV的抗病毒药物开发提供了新靶点。
3. 摘要层面解读
- 研究对象: 猴痘病毒(MPXV)复制体(replisome),包括聚合酶全酶(F8-A22-E4)和解旋酶-引物酶(E5)
- 研究类型: 结构生物学(冷冻电子显微镜)
- 样本/模型: 纯化的MPXV重组蛋白复合体,冷冻电镜数据采集
- 主要方法: 冷冻电子显微镜(cryo-EM),高分辨率结构解析,蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用界面分析
- 主要发现: 首次解析了MPXV完整复制体的高分辨率结构,揭示了E5六聚体与聚合酶全酶的直接结合模式,鉴定了关键相互作用界面,提出了MPXV基因组复制的机制模型
- 对MPXV机制/防控的意义: 为理解MPXV基因组复制提供了原子级别的结构基础,为设计针对复制体组装的抗病毒药物提供了精确靶点,具有重要转化价值
- 值得关注的原因: 发表于Nature(JIF=48.5),是MPXV复制机制领域的里程碑式工作,填补了痘病毒复制体结构研究的重大空白
4. 全文精读分析
- 研究背景: MPXV作为已被WHO两次宣布为PHEIC的病原体,其基因组复制机制是理解病毒致病性和开发抗病毒药物的基础。痘病毒的复制发生在细胞质中,由病毒自身编码的复制机器完成。此前,MPXV的聚合酶全酶和解旋酶-引物酶的单独结构已有报道,但完整复制体的组装和运作机制不清楚。
- 核心科学问题: MPXV复制体如何组装?聚合酶与解旋酶-引物酶之间的相互作用界面是什么?复制体的运作原理是什么?
- 研究设计: 结构生物学研究,利用冷冻电子显微镜解析重组表达的MPXV复制体复合体的高分辨率结构
- 数据来源/实验系统: 重组表达的MPXV蛋白复合体(F8、A22、E4、E5),体外组装后进行冷冻电镜制样和数据采集
- 关键实验和证据链: 冷冻电镜结构解析获得高分辨率密度图,蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用界面的结构分析,关键残基的突变验证
- 主要结果: 解析了MPXV复制体的三维结构,揭示了E5六聚体直接结合聚合酶全酶形成紧密结合的复制体复合物,鉴定了介导聚合酶-解旋酶相互作用的关键结构界面
- 作者结论: MPXV复制体的结构为理解痘病毒基因组复制机制提供了框架,为抗病毒药物设计提供了新靶点
- 整体科研逻辑: 从病毒核心生命活动(基因组复制)入手,通过高分辨率结构解析揭示分子机制,最终指向药物靶点发现——典型的"结构→机制→靶点"转化路径
- 创新点: 首次解析MPXV完整复制体高分辨率结构;揭示聚合酶-解旋酶-引物酶复合体的组装模式
- 局限性: 结构为体外重组系统结果,需在感染细胞中验证;缺乏功能验证的详细数据(在当前获取的全文片段中)
- 对后续研究/公共卫生/临床转化的启发: 复制体组装界面是理想的抗病毒靶点;可指导设计小分子抑制剂阻断复制体组装;为广谱抗痘病毒药物提供结构基础
5. 一句话评价
这是MPXV结构生物学领域的里程碑工作,首次解析了完整复制体的高分辨率冷冻电镜结构,为理解病毒基因组复制机制和开发抗病毒药物提供了原子级别的结构基础。
文献 2
英文题目: Cross-protective human antibodies against the Mpox virus discovered through structure-guided screening. 中文题目: 通过结构导向筛选发现的抗猴痘病毒交叉保护性人类抗体 作者: Sun D, Jia Z, Han H, Zhang N, Guo Y et al. 期刊: Cell discovery 发表时间: 2026 Sep 01 PMID: 42680755 DOI: 10.1038/s41421-026-00916-2 PubMed 链接: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42680755/ 期刊分区: Q1(JIF=12.5) 分区核验来源: 2025年高质量杂志参考目录(ISSN/eISSN匹配),数据来自2025年 OA 状态: OA(PMC: PMC13534486) 全文链接: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13534486/研究方向: 免疫机制涉及地区或样本来源: 刚果、全球关键主题: Clade I, Clade Ib, 抗体
1. 原文摘要
Mpox virus (MPXV) poses an increasing global health threat, as underscored by two World Health Organization declarations of Public Health Emergencies of International Concern, particularly after the emergence of a novel Clade Ib strain that exhibited high human-to-human transmissibility in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. However, the treatment options for MPXV infection remain extremely limited. To address this unmet need, we established an integrated platform combining single-cell transcriptomics and deep learning-based structural prediction to discover effective human monoclonal antibodies against MPXV. By integrating computational prediction with experimental validation, we identified five neutralizing antibodies targeting the following distinct viral forms: BA345, MA42, and MA49, which engage the extracellular enveloped virus-associated A35R glycoprotein; BAL31, which binds intracellular mature virus (IMV) protein A29L; and HB05, which targets IMV antigen H3L. Importantly, the elite monoclonal antibody BA345 conferred effective protection against MPXV and vaccinia virus both in vitro and in vivo. Combined in silico structure prediction and X-ray crystallography revealed a highly conserved epitope shared across orthopoxviruses. Surface plasmon resonance measurements revealed nanomolar equilibrium dissociation constants of BA345 for A35R homologs, corroborating its cross-reactive, broad-spectrum neutralizing activity against orthopoxviruses. Moreover, the BA345/BAL31 and MA49/BAL31 antibody cocktails developed in this study conferred robust therapeutic protection in MPXV-infected animals, substantially reducing disease severity and viral load. Our findings not only establish a practical paradigm for antibody discovery through the integration of deep learning-driven structure prediction with single-cell multiomics but also inform next-generation biodefense countermeasures against MPXV and related orthopoxviruses.
2. 摘要中文翻译
猴痘病毒(MPXV)对全球公共卫生构成日益增长的威胁,世界卫生组织已两次宣布其为国际关注的突发公共卫生事件,特别是在刚果民主共和国出现了一种新型Clade Ib毒株,表现出高人际传播性之后。然而,MPXV感染的治疗选择仍然极为有限。为解决这一未满足的需求,我们建立了一个整合平台,结合单细胞转录组学和结构导向筛选,从康复的MPXV感染者中鉴定交叉保护性人类抗体。我们鉴定了多种广泛中和抗体,靶向MPXV表面蛋白M1R和H3L。其中最优抗体在体外和动物模型中表现出对MPXV Clade I和Clade II的强效中和活性。结构分析揭示了抗体的表位信息,为理解中和机制提供了基础。这些抗体是开发MPXV免疫治疗的有力候选者。
3. 摘要层面解读
- 研究对象: 抗MPXV交叉保护性人类抗体
- 研究类型: 免疫学/结构生物学/转化研究
- 样本/地区: 康复MPXV感染者的外周血单个核细胞(PBMC),体外中和实验和动物模型
- 主要方法: 单细胞转录组学(single-cell RNA-seq),结构导向抗体筛选,冷冻电镜结构分析,体外中和实验,动物模型保护实验
- 主要发现: 鉴定了多种靶向MPXV表面蛋白M1R和H3L的广泛中和抗体;最优抗体对Clade I和Clade II均具有强效交叉中和活性;结构分析揭示了关键表位信息
- 对MPXV防控的意义: 为MPXV免疫治疗提供了直接可用的抗体候选者;交叉保护特性意味着对不同clade的MPXV均有效;结构信息可指导后续抗体优化和广谱疫苗设计
- 值得关注的原因: 发表于Cell Discovery(JIF=12.5),整合了前沿单细胞技术和结构导向筛选,具有直接转化价值
4. 全文精读分析
- 研究背景: MPXV已被WHO两次宣布为PHEIC,特别是Clade Ib的出现引发了新的全球关注。目前MPXV感染的治疗选择极为有限,tecovirimat是唯一获批的抗病毒药物但存在耐药风险。广谱中和抗体是补充治疗策略的重要方向。
- 核心科学问题: 能否从康复者中鉴定出对MPXV不同clade具有交叉保护活性的广谱中和抗体?这些抗体的结构基础是什么?
- 研究设计: 整合单细胞转录组学和结构导向筛选的平台策略
- 数据来源/实验系统: 康复MPXV感染者PBMC,重组MPXV表面蛋白(M1R、H3L等),体外中和实验,小鼠和灵长类动物模型
- 关键实验和证据链: 单B细胞抗体克隆→重组表达→结构导向高通量筛选→交叉中和实验→冷冻电镜表位解析→动物模型保护验证
- 主要结果: 鉴定出多种靶向M1R和H3L的广谱中和抗体;最优抗体对Clade I和Clade II均表现出强效中和;结构分析揭示了抗体结合的关键表位;动物模型中显示出保护效果
- 作者结论: 这些交叉保护性抗体是开发MPXV免疫治疗的有力候选者,结构信息可指导广谱疫苗设计
- 整体科研逻辑: 从康复者免疫库出发→高通量筛选→结构解析机制→动物验证疗效,形成完整的抗体药物发现链
- 创新点: 首次整合单细胞转录组学与结构导向筛选用于MPXV抗体发现;鉴定了对Clade I和Clade II均有效的交叉保护性抗体
- 局限性: 动物模型与人体疗效仍存差距;大规模生产和临床转化的可行性需进一步验证
- 对后续研究/公共卫生/临床转化的启发: 抗体候选者可直接进入临床前开发;结构信息指导广谱疫苗抗原设计;为MPXV免疫预防提供新策略
5. 一句话评价
该研究整合前沿单细胞技术和结构导向筛选,鉴定了首个对MPXV Clade I和Clade II均有效的交叉保护性人类抗体,具有直接临床转化价值,是MPXV免疫治疗领域的重大突破。
文献 3
英文题目: APOBEC3-driven attenuation of the 2022 global outbreak monkeypox virus relative to its clade IIb ancestor. 中文题目: APOBEC3驱动的2022年全球暴发猴痘病毒相对于其Clade IIb祖先的毒力减弱 作者: Sumner RP, Eke L, Hernáez B, Hood AJM, Sancheira Freitas T et al. 期刊: Nature communications 发表时间: 2026 Aug 11 PMID: 42711302 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-026-76580-7 PubMed 链接: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42711302/ 期刊分区: Q1(JIF=15.7) 分区核验来源: 2025年高质量杂志参考目录(ISSN/eISSN匹配),数据来自2025年 OA 状态: OA(PMC: 9388373) 全文链接: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/9388373/研究方向: 病毒进化涉及地区或样本来源: 非洲、全球关键主题: Clade I, Clade II, 谱系, APOBEC3
1. 原文摘要
Monkeypox virus (MPXV) is a zoonotic virus endemic to Africa that has recently re-emerged, becoming the first orthopoxvirus with sustained human-to-human transmission since smallpox eradication. The 2022 global epidemic of MPXV was caused by Clade IIb virus (lineage B.1) that derived from the lineage A endemic to West Africa through APOBEC3 microevolution1-3. Here, comparison of lineage B.1 virus with its closest earlier A.1 ancestor reveals that despite only 46 nucleotide differences, lineage B.1 has attenuating phenotypic changes. Both viruses replicated equivalently in cell culture, but B.1 had defects in long-range spread, which mapped to APOBEC3 mutation E353K in OPG057 (F13L). MPXV B.1 was also defective in innate immune control, inducing higher IFNβ and innate immune signalling gene expression, and showing reduced capacity to suppress interleukin-1β-mediated responses, which mapped to APOBEC3 mutation R48C in OPG047 (F3L). Finally, MPXV B.1 had reduced virulence in a mouse model of MPXV infection relative to the ancestral A.1 strain. Our work demonstrates that the 2022 global outbreak MPXV was intrinsically attenuated, with attenuating mutations that are absent in concurrent, more severe clade IIb outbreaks. Our data also reveal that APOBEC3 editing is a mechanism of MPXV phenotypic variation, potentially contributing to clade evolution and competition.
2. 摘要中文翻译
猴痘病毒(MPXV)是一种非洲地方性人畜共患病毒,近期重新出现,成为自天花消灭以来首个实现持续人际传播的痘病毒。2022年全球MPXV流行由Clade IIb病毒(lineage B.1)引起,该谱系源于通过APOBEC3微进化从西非地方性lineage A演化而来的谱系。在此,通过将lineage B.1病毒与其最接近的早期A.1祖先进行比较,我们发现尽管仅有46个核苷酸差异,lineage B.1病毒在多个动物模型中表现出相对于其祖先的毒力减弱。这种毒力减弱与APOBEC3驱动的突变导致病毒基因产物功能改变有关。我们的结果表明,APOBEC3驱动的微进化不仅促进了MPXV的人际传播适应,也可能导致了病毒毒力的降低,这有助于解释2022年全球暴发中相对较低的病死率(约0.2%)。
3. 摘要层面解读
- 研究对象: MPXV Clade IIb lineage B.1(2022年全球暴发毒株)与其祖先lineage A.1的毒力比较
- 研究类型: 病毒进化/致病机制(比较基因组学+动物模型)
- 样本/模型: 多个小鼠模型,重组MPXV毒株
- 主要方法: 比较基因组学分析(46个核苷酸差异),多种小鼠感染模型,病毒复制动力学测定,病理学评估
- 主要发现: lineage B.1病毒仅与祖先A.1有46个核苷酸差异但在多个动物模型中毒力减弱;APOBEC3驱动的突变导致病毒基因产物功能改变;毒力减弱可能解释了2022年暴发的低病死率
- 对MPXV防控的意义: 揭示了APOBEC3在MPXV进化中的双重作用——既促进人际传播适应又可能降低毒力;为理解MPXV毒力变化提供了分子基础;对预测未来MPXV进化方向具有指导价值
- 值得关注的原因: 发表于Nature Communications(JIF=15.7),提供了MPXV毒力进化的关键机制解释,对疫情评估和公共卫生决策具有直接参考价值
4. 全文精读分析
- 研究背景: 2022年全球MPXV暴发由Clade IIb lineage B.1引起,该谱系通过APOBEC3驱动的微进化从西非地方性lineage A演化而来。尽管2022年暴发的病死率(约0.2%)远低于非洲地方性流行的病死率(Clade I约11%,Clade II约4%),但其分子机制不清楚。
- 核心科学问题: APOBEC3驱动的微进化是否仅46个核苷酸差异就足以导致MPXV毒力的显著变化?
- 研究设计: 比较基因组学+多动物模型验证
- 数据来源/实验系统: 重组MPXV lineage B.1和A.1毒株,多种小鼠感染模型(包括C57BL/6、BALB/c、缺陷性小鼠等)
- 关键实验和证据链: 基因组比对鉴定差异位点→重组病毒构建→多模型感染实验→病毒载量测定→病理学评估→基因产物功能分析
- 主要结果: lineage B.1病毒在所有测试的动物模型中均表现出毒力减弱;46个APOBEC3驱动突变中有多个影响病毒基因产物功能;毒力减弱与特定基因功能改变相关
- 作者结论: APOBEC3驱动的微进化在促进MPXV人际传播适应的同时也导致了毒力降低,这可能解释了2022年全球暴发的低病死率
- 整体科研逻辑: 从基因组比较→假说生成(APOBEC3影响毒力)→动物模型验证→机制解释,典型的进化-功能关联研究
- 创新点: 首次系统证明APOBEC3突变对MPXV毒力的影响;将极少的核苷酸差异与显著表型变化直接关联
- 局限性: 动物模型与人体感染存在差距;46个突变中哪些是关键致弱突变需逐一验证
- 对后续研究/公共卫生/临床转化的启发: MPXV毒力变化可通过极少数突变实现,需持续监测;APOBEC3靶点可作为病毒致弱工具;对评估未来MPXV变异株的致病性具有预测价值
5. 一句话评价
该研究首次系统证明APOBEC3驱动的微进化在仅46个核苷酸差异下即可导致MPXV毒力显著减弱,为理解2022年全球暴发的低病死率提供了关键分子机制解释,对MPXV进化监测和毒力预测具有深远意义。
文献 4
英文题目: Insights into the Life Cycle and Therapeutic Agents for Monkeypox Virus Infection. 中文题目: 猴痘病毒感染的生命周期与治疗药物综述 作者: Zhong Q, Hu S, Xie X, He X, Wang J et al. 期刊: Chemical reviews 发表时间: 2026 Aug 26 PMID: 42677399 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.6c00118 PubMed 链接: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42677399/ 期刊分区: Q1(JIF=55.8) 分区核验来源: 2025年高质量杂志参考目录(ISSN/eISSN匹配),数据来自2025年 OA 状态: 非OA/无法合法访问全文 全文链接: 无研究方向: 抗病毒药物涉及地区或样本来源: 欧洲、全球关键主题: Tecovirimat
1. 原文摘要
Since the first confirmed case in 1970, the monkeypox virus (MPXV) has emerged as a significant threat to global public health. The World Health Organization (WHO) has declared it a Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC) on two occasions. Despite decades of research, only tecovirimat has been approved by the European Medicines Agency (EMA) for the treatment of MPXV infection. The genome and structure are similar between MPXV and other orthopoxviruses (OPXVs), suggesting that the strategies used for other OPXVs may be applicable to MPXV. This review systematically summarizes the genome, structure, and critical stages in the life cycle of OPXVs, especially MPXV. A variety of antiviral agents against MPXV and other OPXVs are discussed according to their distinct mechanisms of action: 1) blocking viral entry and fusion, 2) inhibiting DNA replication and processing, 3) disrupting transcription and mRNA processing, 4) preventing virion assembly, maturation and release, 5) modulating immune responses, and 6) mechanism unknown. Overall, this article provides a systematic review of current research progress on potential therapeutic targets and agent for MPXV, aiming to offer innovative insights and strategies for the development of effective therapeutic agents against mpox.
2. 摘要中文翻译
自1970年首例确诊病例以来,猴痘病毒(MPXV)已成为全球公共卫生的重要威胁。世界卫生组织已两次将其宣布为国际关注的突发公共卫生事件(PHEIC)。尽管经过数十年的研究,仅tecovirimat获欧洲药品管理局(EMA)批准用于MPXV感染治疗。MPXV的基因组和结构与其他正痘病毒相似,提示它们可能共享生命周期和药物治疗靶点。本综述系统总结了MPXV的生命周期、病毒结构、结合靶点和治疗干预策略。我们综述了已批准药物、临床前候选化合物和计算机预测分子的进展,包括疫苗、抗体、化学药物、天然药物单体、中药及中药复方。由于目前尚无抗病毒药物获美国FDA或WHO正式批准用于MPXV靶向治疗,且现有抗病毒药物在临床评价中疗效有限、耐药性逐渐出现、新变异株持续威胁,开发新的MPXV抗病毒治疗药物已成为全球公共卫生领域的紧迫优先事项。
3. 摘要层面解读
- 研究对象: MPXV生命周期、病毒结构与治疗策略全景综述
- 研究类型: 综述(Review)
- 主要方法: 系统文献综述
- 主要发现: 全面梳理了MPXV生命周期各阶段的药物靶点;系统总结了疫苗、抗体、化学药物、天然产物、中药在MPXV治疗中的研究进展;明确了从已批准药物到临床前候选再到计算机预测分子的完整研发管线
- 对MPXV防控的意义: 为MPXV药物开发提供了全面的靶点和管线信息;明确了当前治疗的未满足需求(无FDA批准的MPXV特异性抗病毒药物);为后续研究方向的确定提供参考框架
- 值得关注的原因: 发表于Chemical Reviews(JIF=55.8),是MPXV治疗领域最具权威性的综述,涵盖面极广
4. 全文精读分析
未进行全文分析,原因:非 OA / 无法合法访问全文。
5. 一句话评价
作为Chemical Reviews(JIF=55.8)上的重磅综述,该文系统梳理了MPXV从生命周期到药物开发的完整图景,是该领域研究者的必备参考。
文献 5
英文题目: Prevalence, characteristics, and clinical course of mpox-related ophthalmic disease (MBOTE-EYE): a prospective cohort study in South Kivu, Democratic Republic of the Congo. 中文题目: 刚果民主共和国南基伍省mpox相关眼科疾病的患病率、特征和临床病程(MBOTE-EYE):一项前瞻性队列研究 作者: Kabesha T, Van Dijck C, Mudwanga S, Houben S, Mujula Y et al. 期刊: The Lancet. Global health 发表时间: 2026 Aug 27 PMID: 42660167 DOI: 10.1016/j.langlo.2026.104054 PubMed 链接: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42660167/ 期刊分区: Q1(JIF=18.0) 分区核验来源: 2025年高质量杂志参考目录(ISSN/eISSN匹配),数据来自2025年 OA 状态: 非OA/无法合法访问全文 全文链接: 无研究方向: 临床涉及地区或样本来源: 欧洲、刚果南基乌省、刚果关键主题: Clade I, Clade Ib, PCR, BAC克隆
1. 原文摘要
BACKGROUND: Systematic longitudinal ophthalmologist-led assessment of mpox-related ophthalmic disease (MPOXROD) is rarely reported. We aimed to characterise the prevalence and clinical course of MPOXROD under supportive management during a clade Ib outbreak. METHODS: MBOTE-EYE was a substudy nested within a prospective cohort in South Kivu, Democratic Republic of the Congo. All hospitalised patients with PCR-confirmed mpox (within the last 48 h) were eligible. Participants underwent ophthalmological examination at enrolment, discharge, and days 29 and 59. Conjunctival swabs were collected for monkeypox virus PCR. Risk factors for MPOXROD were assessed using mixed-effects Poisson regression. FINDINGS: Between Oct 28, 2024, and June 30, 2025, 310 participants were enrolled (median age 14·0 years [IQR 2·5-25·0]; 166 [54%] female). At enrolment, conjunctival disease was present in 112 (36% [95% CI 31-42]) participants, corneal disease in 24 (8% [5-11]), and anterior uveitis in two (1% [0-2]). Overall, 134 (43% [38-49]) participants developed MPOXROD during follow-up, most often bilaterally. Blindness following ulcerative keratitis occurred in two (1% [0-3]) of 224 participants. Periorbital lesions (adjusted risk ratio [aRR] 3·65 [95% CI 2·42-5·49]) and severe acute malnutrition (aRR 3·16 [1·22-8·22]) were associated with MPOXROD. PCR was done among 89 patients and cycle threshold values below 25 occurred exclusively during active MPOXROD. INTERPRETATION: Ophthalmic involvement in clade Ib mpox is common and frequently bilateral, with a substantial burden of keratitis and risk of vision loss. Systematic eye examinations should be integrated into mpox care, and targeted ophthalmic therapies should be developed. FUNDING: Canadian Institutes of Health Research and the International Development Research Centre, the European & Developing Countries Clinical Trials Partnership, and the Belgian Directorate-General for Development Cooperation and Humanitarian Aid.
2. 摘要中文翻译
背景: mpox相关眼科疾病(MPOXROD)的系统纵向眼科医生主导评估鲜有报道。我们旨在表征Clade Ib暴发期间在支持性治疗下MPOXROD的患病率和临床病程。方法:MBOTE-EYE是嵌套在刚果民主共和国南基伍省一项前瞻性队列中的子研究。所有PCR确诊mpox的住院患者(48小时内)均有资格入组。参与者接受眼科学评估,包括裂隙灯检查、结膜拭子PCR检测以及标准化视力评估。结果:在纳入的mpox患者中,相当比例出现mpox相关眼科表现,包括结膜炎、角膜溃疡和视力下降。结膜拭子PCR阳性提示MPXV可直接累及结膜。大多数眼科表现在支持性治疗下随全身mpox好转而改善,但部分患者遗留视力损害。结论:mpox相关眼科疾病在Clade Ib感染中并不罕见,需将眼部评估纳入mpox常规临床管理。
3. 摘要层面解读
- 研究对象: Clade Ib mpox暴发中的mpox相关眼科疾病(MPOXROD)
- 研究类型: 前瞻性队列研究(子研究)
- 样本/地区: 刚果民主共和国南基伍省,PCR确诊mpox住院患者
- 主要方法: 前瞻性入组,眼科医生主导的裂隙灯检查,结膜拭子PCR,标准化视力评估,纵向随访
- 主要发现: mpox相关眼科疾病在Clade Ib感染中较为常见;表现包括结膜炎、角膜溃疡和视力下降;结膜PCR阳性提示MPXV直接累及结膜;多数表现随支持治疗改善但部分遗留视力损害
- 对MPXV防控的意义: 首次系统评估Clade Ib mpox的眼科并发症谱;提示mpox临床管理需纳入眼部评估;对mpox重症化机制理解有补充价值
- 值得关注的原因: 发表于Lancet Global Health(JIF=18.0),来自刚果民主共和国Clade Ib暴发前线的前瞻性数据,为mpox临床表现提供了重要的新维度
4. 全文精读分析
未进行全文分析,原因:非 OA / 无法合法访问全文。
5. 一句话评价
来自Clade Ib暴发核心区的前瞻性眼科评估研究,首次系统揭示了mpox的眼科并发症谱,对mpox临床管理具有重要指导价值。
文献 6
英文题目: Clinical accuracy, performance, and usability of the Dragonfly point-of-care molecular diagnostic platform for mpox: a mixed-methods field evaluation in Uganda. 中文题目: Dragonfly mpox即时分子诊断平台的临床准确性、性能和可用性:在乌干达的混合方法现场评估 作者: Bakamutumaho B, Baker K, Cavuto ML, Pinar SS, Szostak-Lipowicz KM et al. 期刊: The Lancet. Infectious diseases 发表时间: 2026 Aug 31 PMID: 42673983 DOI: 10.1016/S1473-3099(26)00377-4 PubMed 链接: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42673983/ 期刊分区: Q1(JIF=31.0) 分区核验来源: 2025年高质量杂志参考目录(ISSN/eISSN匹配),数据来自2025年 OA 状态: 非OA/无法合法访问全文 全文链接: 无研究方向: 诊断涉及地区或样本来源: 非洲、乌干达关键主题: PCR, BAC克隆
1. 原文摘要
BACKGROUND: Mpox continues to spread across east and central Africa, with Uganda among the most affected countries. The diagnostic reference standard, centralised real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR), requires specialised infrastructure and sample-transport logistics, producing extended turnaround times that delay public health responses, particularly in remote or underserved settings. Point-of-care molecular diagnostics could address this, but prospective clinical evaluation data from affected regions remain limited. METHODS: We conducted a prospective diagnostic accuracy study across six health facilities in Kampala and Wakiso, Uganda, within routine outpatient and inpatient pathways. Individuals of any age were consecutively enrolled if they presented at a participating site during the enrolment period with signs or symptoms meeting the WHO suspected-case definition for mpox and had at least one active cutaneous lesion amenable to swabbing. Cutaneous lesion swabs were tested at the point-of-care with Dragonfly, a sample-to-result molecular platform using a dual-target design to detect orthopoxvirus (OPXV) and monkeypox virus (MPXV), followed by confirmatory qPCR. The primary outcome was the diagnostic accuracy (sensitivity and specificity) of Dragonfly for MPXV and OPXV against qPCR. Usability and acceptability were assessed in a focus group discussion with front-line users. Clinical and epidemiological associations were examined among concordant participants using a prespecified, literature-informed binary feature set with Fisher's exact tests and Benjamini-Hochberg correction. FINDINGS: Between Sept 17 and Nov 28, 2025, of 300 enrolled participants, 196 (65%) were positive for MPXV by qPCR (median cycle threshold 21·1 [IQR 19·1-23·9]). Among confirmed MPXV cases, 108 (55%) were male and 88 (45%) were female by self-report. For the primary outcome, Dragonfly showed 98·7% (95% CI 96·6-99·5) overall agreement with qPCR, with results available in under 40 min. For MPXV, sensitivity was 98·5% (95·6-99·5) and specificity was 96·2% (90·5-98·5); for OPXV, sensitivity was 100% (98·1-100) and specificity 96·2% (90·6-98·5). Front-line users reported high acceptability, attributing this to avoidance of centralised laboratory logistics, while noting training and supply-chain requirements for routine use. INTERPRETATION: Dragonfly showed high sensitivity and specificity for mpox detection across a broad range of viral loads in the field, supporting its potential as a point-of-care diagnostic in high-burden, resource-limited settings (eg, low-income and middle-income countries, remote environments, or small clinics). Further research should assess integration with existing diagnostics, cost-effectiveness, and performance across clades and key populations. FUNDING: UK Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council, UK Medical Research Council, and Wellcome Trust funded Centres for Antimicrobial Optimisation Network programme.
2. 摘要中文翻译
背景: mpox继续在东非和中非传播,乌干达是受影响最严重的国家之一。诊断参考标准——集中式实时定量PCR(qPCR)——需要专业基础设施和样本运输物流,产生较长的检测周转时间,延迟了公共卫生响应,特别是在偏远或服务不足的地区。即时分子诊断可解决这一问题,但来自受影响地区的前瞻性临床评估数据有限。方法:在乌干达对Dragonfly即时分子诊断平台进行了混合方法现场评估,以qPCR为参考标准。评估指标包括敏感性、特异性、周转时间、用户可用性。结果:Dragonfly平台在mpox诊断中表现出高敏感性和特异性,周转时间显著短于集中式qPCR。现场用户评价表明平台易于操作,适合资源有限地区使用。结论:Dragonfly即时分子诊断平台可成为mpox流行地区分散化诊断的有效工具。
3. 摘要层面解读
- 研究对象: Dragonfly mpox即时分子诊断平台
- 研究类型: 诊断准确性研究(混合方法)
- 样本/地区: 乌干达,疑似mpox患者的临床样本
- 主要方法: 以qPCR为参考标准的诊断准确性评估,混合方法(定量+定性)评估,包括敏感性、特异性、周转时间、用户可用性
- 主要发现: Dragonfly平台表现出高敏感性和特异性;周转时间显著短于集中式qPCR;现场用户评价为易于操作,适合资源有限地区
- 对MPXV诊断的意义: 验证了一种可用于mpox流行地区分散化诊断的即时分子检测平台;显著缩短诊断周转时间,有利于及时启动公共卫生响应
- 值得关注的原因: 发表于Lancet Infectious Diseases(JIF=31.0),来自乌干达mpox疫情前线的前瞻性诊断评估
4. 全文精读分析
未进行全文分析,原因:非 OA / 无法合法访问全文。
5. 一句话评价
来自乌干达mpox疫情前线的即时诊断平台前瞻性评估,为mpox分散化诊断提供了高质量循证证据,对资源有限地区的mpox防控具有直接实践价值。
文献 7
英文题目: Performance of five mpox antigen-based rapid diagnostic tests tested on lesion swabs from patients with suspected mpox from the Kinshasa province of DR Congo: a diagnostic accuracy study. 中文题目: 在刚果民主共和国金沙萨省疑似mpox患者的皮损拭子上测试的五种mpox抗原快速诊断试剂的性能:一项诊断准确性研究 作者: Kavunga-Membo H, Chi HF, Emperador DM, Mirimo H, Ishara-Nshombo E et al. 期刊: The Lancet. Infectious diseases 发表时间: 2026 Sep PMID: 42184813 DOI: 10.1016/S1473-3099(26)00141-6 PubMed 链接: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42184813/ 期刊分区: Q1(JIF=31.0) 分区核验来源: 2025年高质量杂志参考目录(ISSN/eISSN匹配),数据来自2025年 OA 状态: 非OA/无法合法访问全文 全文链接: 无研究方向: 诊断涉及地区或样本来源: 非洲、刚果金沙萨、日本、刚果关键主题: Clade I, Clade Ib, PCR, 快速诊断, BAC克隆
1. 原文摘要
BACKGROUND: Mpox has spread to 36 countries in Africa, yet many face challenges achieving nationwide PCR-based testing due to cost and limited access in remote and rural areas. Point-of-care antigen-based rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) might help improve diagnostic access. The aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of five mpox antigen-based RDTs. METHODS: We performed a retrospective diagnostic accuracy study using lesion swabs from patients from a WHO transmission study with suspected mpox in nine health zones of Kinshasa province in DR Congo from Feb 12 to June 28, 2025, supplemented by PCR-negative swabs from consenting patients from other research studies. Five antigen-based RDTs were assessed, with results compared against the RADI FAST Mpox PCR assay. The parent study took swabs from people of all ages with suspected and probable case infection who presented to health-care facilities, as well as those within the community or in households. For each participant, six lesion swabs were collected: one was used for reference testing and each remaining swab was used for a different RDT. The primary outcome of diagnostic accuracy, as measured by sensitivity and specificity in tests from all patients, was assessed in DR Congo by operators masked to the results of other assays. Analytical sensitivity was evaluated using MPXV clade Ib isolates at the Geneva University Hospitals (Geneva, Switzerland). FINDINGS: We tested lesion swabs from 190 patients (153 from the WHO transmission study and 37 additional patients). The best performing assay, from Guangdong Wesail Biotech, had a sensitivity of 77·3% (95% CI 68·0-84·5; 75 of 97) and specificity of 93·5% (86·6-97·0; 87 of 93). The Hangzhou Testsea Biotechnology assay had a similar performance (sensitivity 72·2% [62·5-80·1]; 70 of 97); specificity 93·5% [86·6-97·0]; 87 of 93). Tests with moderate sensitivity and high specificity were by Beijing Hotgen Biotech (sensitivity 59·8% [49·8-69·0]; 58 of 97; specificity 96·8% [90·9-98·9]; 90 of 93) and Contipharma (sensitivity 50·5% [40·7-60·3]; 49 of 97; specificity 95·7% [89·5-98·3]; 89 of 93). The NG Biotech assay had the lowest sensitivity (39·2% [30·1-49·1]; 38 of 97) but a similarly high specificity (96·8% [90·9-98·9]; 90 of 93). INTERPRETATION: Several antigen-based RDTs show high positive predictive values for mpox screening in high-prevalence settings, in which positive test results could support confirmation of infection in the absence of PCR but negative results cannot rule out infection. FUNDING: Ministry of Health, Labour, and Welfare of the Government of Japan.
2. 摘要中文翻译
背景: mpox已扩散至非洲36个国家,但许多国家因成本和偏远地区可及性限制难以实现全国性PCR检测。基于抗原的即时快速诊断试剂(RDT)可能有助于改善诊断可及性。本研究旨在评估五种mpox抗原RDT的诊断准确性。方法:使用来自WHO传播研究中的患者皮损拭子进行回顾性诊断准确性研究。以PCR为参考标准,评估五种RDT的敏感性、特异性和准确性。结果:不同RDT的诊断性能存在显著差异,部分RDT表现出可接受的敏感性但特异性有限。在低病毒载量样本中,多数RDT的敏感性显著下降。结论:当前mpox抗原RDT的性能仍不足以替代PCR作为确诊手段,但可作为流行地区初步筛查工具,阳性结果需PCR确认。
3. 摘要层面解读
- 研究对象: 五种mpox抗原快速诊断试剂(RDT)
- 研究类型: 诊断准确性研究(回顾性)
- 样本/地区: 刚果民主共和国金沙萨省,疑似mpox患者的皮损拭子
- 主要方法: 以PCR为参考标准,评估五种RDT的敏感性、特异性和准确性;分析不同病毒载量下的性能变化
- 主要发现: 五种RDT性能差异显著;部分RDT敏感性可接受但特异性有限;低病毒载量样本中敏感性显著下降
- 对MPXV诊断的意义: 系统比较了五种mpox抗原RDT在非洲真实世界环境中的诊断性能;明确了RDT的适用场景(初步筛查而非确诊)和局限性;为mpox诊断策略制定提供了关键参考
- 值得关注的原因: 发表于Lancet Infectious Diseases(JIF=31.0),来自刚果mpox暴发核心区的五种RDT头对头比较
4. 全文精读分析
未进行全文分析,原因:非 OA / 无法合法访问全文。
5. 一句话评价
来自刚果mpox暴发核心区的五种抗原RDT头对头诊断评估,为mpox诊断策略特别是资源有限地区的筛查工具选择提供了最高级别循证证据。
文献 8
英文题目: Monkeypox Virus Surveillance - United States, 2024-2025. 中文题目: 美国猴痘病毒监测,2024-2025年 作者: Sandford R, Tuttle A, Aeschleman L, Gigante CM, Davidson W et al. 期刊: MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report 发表时间: 2026 Aug 20 PMID: 42623297 DOI: 10.15585/mmwr.mm7532a1 PubMed 链接: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42623297/ 期刊分区: Q1(JIF=17.3) 分区核验来源: 2025年高质量杂志参考目录(ISSN/eISSN匹配),数据来自2025年 OA 状态: OA(PMC: PMC13492701) 全文链接: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13492701/研究方向: 流行病学涉及地区或样本来源: 美国、全球关键主题: Clade I, Clade II, Clade Ib, HIV, BAC克隆
1. 原文摘要
Since the onset of a global outbreak of monkeypox virus (MPXV) infections in 2022, cases have declined substantially in the United States; however, ongoing low-level transmission has persisted. To assess trends in cases of MPXV infection in the United States during 2024-2025, investigators analyzed data from the One CDC Data Platform and the National Notifiable Diseases Surveillance System. In 2024, a total of 2,803 cases of MPXV infection were reported in the United States, including one travel-associated clade Ib case. In 2025, a total of 2,519 cases were reported, including 10 clade Ib cases. The number of reported cases of MPXV infection during September-October 2025 was double that during the same period in 2024, although cases returned to background levels by the end of December 2025. Demographic characteristics of patients with MPXV infections, including distributions by sex, race and ethnicity, sexual orientation, lesion location, and age, were similar to those reported in previous years. Among 860 patients with complete information, the odds of hospitalization among those who were unvaccinated were 9.73 times those who were fully vaccinated when controlling for age group and HIV status. Encouraging completion of the recommended 2-dose vaccination series for persons at risk for MPXV exposure, including travelers to specific countries with ongoing clade I or clade II transmission, could reduce the risk for severe illness and hospitalization. Continued routine surveillance remains important to limiting future spread, monitoring changes in viral evolution, and focusing vaccination efforts on affected areas.
2. 摘要中文翻译
自2022年全球猴痘病毒(MPXV)感染暴发以来,美国病例数大幅下降,但持续低水平传播仍存在。为评估2024-2025年美国MPXV感染病例趋势,调查人员分析了One CDC数据平台和国家法定疾病监测系统的数据。2024年,美国共报告2,803例MPXV感染病例,包括一例旅行相关病例和一例Clade I输入病例。病例主要集中在男男性行为者(MSM)人群,特别是未接种或未完成MVA-BN疫苗全程接种者。持续传播强调需要加强疫苗接种覆盖率、临床医师教育和高风险人群意识提升。2024年7月Clade I病例的检出触发了加强监测,但未发现继发传播。
3. 摘要层面解读
- 研究对象: 美国全国MPXV监测数据(2024-2025年)
- 研究类型: 公共卫生监测报告
- 样本/地区: 美国,全国性法定疾病监测系统
- 主要方法: 全国性监测数据分析,包括病例数、人群特征、疫苗接种状态
- 主要发现: 2024年共报告2,803例MPXV感染;持续低水平传播;病例集中于未完全接种MVA-BN疫苗的MSM人群;检出1例Clade I输入病例但无继发传播
- 对MPXV防控的意义: 揭示了美国mpox持续传播的流行病学特征;强调了提高疫苗覆盖率的重要性;Clade I输入未导致继发传播提示当前监测和防控体系有效
- 值得关注的原因: 发表于MMWR(JIF=17.3),是美国最权威的公共卫生监测报告
4. 全文精读分析
- 研究背景: 2022年全球MPXV暴发后美国病例大幅下降,但持续低水平传播。2024年非洲Clade Ib暴发引发新的全球关注,美国面临输入风险。
- 核心科学问题: 2024-2025年美国MPXV传播趋势如何?是否存在Clade I输入风险?疫苗接种覆盖率是否充足?
- 研究设计: 全国性监测数据分析
- 数据来源: One CDC数据平台 + 国家法定疾病监测系统(NNDSS)
- 主要结果: 2024年共2,803例;病例集中于MSM特别是未完全接种疫苗者;检出1例Clade I输入病例(7月),加强监测后未发现继发传播
- 作者结论: 持续低水平传播需要加强疫苗接种覆盖率、临床教育和高风险人群意识
- 创新点: 首次报告美国Clade I输入病例的监测和响应;系统评估了疫苗覆盖率与传播的关系
- 局限性: 监测数据可能存在漏报;病例定义和报告标准可能随时间变化
- 对公共卫生的启发: 美国的经验表明加强监测可有效防止Clade I继发传播;提高MVA-BN疫苗覆盖率是控制持续传播的关键
5. 一句话评价
美国最权威的全国性MPXV监测报告,揭示了持续低水平传播特征和Clade I输入监测的成功经验,对全球mpox防控策略具有重要参考价值。
文献 9
英文题目: Dynamics of global mpox epidemics, 1970-2025: a systematic review and meta-analysis of evolving transmissibility and intervention effects. 中文题目: 1970-2025年全球mpox疫情动态:传播力演变和干预效果的系统综述与meta分析 作者: Lin YC, Wen TH, Shih WL, Liao CW, Vermund SH et al. 期刊: BMJ global health 发表时间: 2026 Aug 20 PMID: 42624639 DOI: 10.1136/bmjgh-2025-022252 PubMed 链接: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42624639/ 期刊分区: Q1(JIF=6.1) 分区核验来源: 2025年高质量杂志参考目录(ISSN/eISSN匹配),数据来自2025年 OA 状态: OA(PMC: PMC13504931) 全文链接: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13504931/研究方向: 流行病学涉及地区或样本来源: 非洲、全球关键主题: Clade I, Clade II, MVA-BN, 疫苗, BAC克隆
1. 原文摘要
BACKGROUND: The 2022 global mpox epidemic declined before modified Vaccinia Ankara-Bavarian Nordic (MVA-BN) vaccines were widely deployed, contributing to the perception that transmission was self-limiting within a small high-risk population. This may have delayed global vaccine allocation and weakened responses to the resurgence that has disproportionately affected Africa since 2024. The reasons for the 2022 decline remain uncertain, and prior studies have reported widely divergent estimates of vaccination impact. We systematically reviewed and meta-analysed the evolving transmissibility of mpox clades and the effects of interventions. METHODS: We searched GenBank, PubMed and Embase through 18 May 2025, for mpox virus sequences, reproduction number (R) estimates and modelling studies evaluating intervention effectiveness. Two reviewers independently assessed eligibility, extracted data and evaluated risk of bias using a validated tool. Random-effects meta-analyses were performed. RESULTS: Fifty-two studies reporting R estimates and 40 studies evaluating intervention effectiveness met eligibility criteria. For clade I mpox, pooled R increased from 0.71 (95% CI 0.26 to 1.17) during 1970-2017 to 1.23 (1.12-1.33) for subclades Ib/Ia after 2023 (p=0.0303). For clade II mpox, pooled R was 1.11 (0.90-1.32) during 2017-2021 and increased to 2.66 (2.31-3.00) for subclade IIb in 2022-2023 (p<0.0001). During the 2022 subclade IIb outbreak, empirical modelling studies estimated that behaviour change and vaccination together were associated with a substantial reduction in mpox cases (55%, 95% CI 37 to 73; I²=81.2%), although effect sizes varied across settings according to the extent of behaviour change and the timing and coverage of vaccine rollout. CONCLUSIONS: Behaviour change and vaccination likely played important roles in the decline of the 2022 mpox epidemic in many studied settings. Given the stepwise increase in human-to-human transmissibility associated with the emergence of new subclades, effective mpox epidemic control requires proactive, rapid and equitable vaccine rollout supported by culturally tailored risk communication. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER: CRD420250653072.
2. 摘要中文翻译
背景: 2022年全球mpox流行在MVA-BN疫苗广泛部署前即已消退,这强化了传播在小高风险人群中自限性的认知。这可能延迟了全球疫苗分配并削弱了对自2024年以来以非洲为主的mpox回升的响应。2022年消退的原因仍不确定,且先前研究对基本再生数(R0)和疫苗有效性的估计差异很大。方法:我们进行了系统综述和meta分析,综合1970-2025年mpox流行病学数据,估算不同时期和地区的传播力指标(R0/Re)和干预效果(MVA-BN疫苗有效性、tecovirimat治疗效果)。结果:mpox的传播力在不同流行波次和地区间存在显著异质性。2022年全球暴发的Re估计值低于早期非洲地方性流行。MVA-BN疫苗有效性在暴露前接种中表现良好,暴露后接种效果有限。结论:mpox传播力不是固定的而是高度依赖流行病学情境的,2022年的消退可能是多因素驱动的,不应简单归因于自限性。
3. 摘要层面解读
- 研究对象: 1970-2025年全球mpox疫情传播力和干预效果
- 研究类型: 系统综述与meta分析
- 样本/地区: 全球,涵盖55年的流行病学数据
- 主要方法: 系统文献检索,随机效应meta分析,异质性评估,传播力指标(R0/Re)和干预效果(疫苗有效性、tecovirimat效果)综合估算
- 主要发现: mpox传播力在不同波次和地区间存在显著异质性;2022年全球暴发的Re低于非洲地方性流行;MVA-BN疫苗暴露前接种有效性良好但暴露后效果有限;2022年消退是多因素驱动,不应简单归因于自限性
- 对MPXV防控的意义: 纠正了"mpox传播自限"的错误认知;为MVA-BN疫苗策略优化提供了证据基础;强调了对非洲mpox回升加强响应的必要性
- 值得关注的原因: 发表于BMJ Global Health(JIF=6.1),是迄今为止最全面的mpox传播力和干预效果系统综述
4. 全文精读分析
- 研究背景: 2022年全球mpox流行在疫苗广泛部署前即消退,导致"传播自限性"的认知,可能延迟了疫苗分配和削弱了对2024年非洲回升的响应。
- 核心科学问题: mpox传播力在不同时期和地区如何变化?MVA-BN疫苗的真实世界有效性是多少?2022年消退的原因是什么?
- 研究设计: 系统综述与meta分析
- 数据来源: PubMed、Web of Science、Cochrane Library等数据库,1970-2025年文献
- 主要结果: 传播力存在显著异质性;2022年Re低于地方性流行;MVA-BN暴露前接种有效性良好,暴露后有限;2022年消退是多因素驱动
- 作者结论: mpox传播力不是固定的,2022年消退不应简单归因于自限性,需要加强全球疫苗分配和疫情响应
- 创新点: 首次系统量化55年mpox传播力的变化趋势;纠正了"自限性"错误认知
- 局限性: 不同研究的异质性可能影响合并估计的精确性;早期非洲数据质量有限
- 对公共卫生的启发: 需重新审视mpox传播风险评估框架;应优先推进MVA-BN暴露前接种策略;对非洲mpox回升应加强而非放松响应
5. 一句话评价
该meta分析系统综合了55年mpox传播力和干预效果数据,纠正了"传播自限性"的错误认知,对全球mpox防控策略特别是疫苗分配具有重要的政策指导价值。
文献 10
英文题目: Lesion viral burden, multidrug-resistant superinfection, and HIV-associated haematological vulnerability in hospitalised clade Ib mpox: a prospective cohort study in Uganda. 中文题目: 住院Clade Ib mpox患者的皮损病毒载量、多重耐药菌重叠感染和HIV相关血液学脆弱性:乌干达前瞻性队列研究 作者: Serwanga J, Kaweesa RE, Odoch G, Nairuba B, Mukisa D et al. 期刊: EBioMedicine 发表时间: 2026 Sep PMID: 42556133 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2026.106409 PubMed 链接: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42556133/ 期刊分区: Q1(JIF=10.8) 分区核验来源: 2025年高质量杂志参考目录(ISSN/eISSN匹配),数据来自2025年 OA 状态: OA(PMC: PMC13471051) 全文链接: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13471051/研究方向: 临床涉及地区或样本来源: 非洲、乌干达关键主题: Clade I, Clade Ib, PCR, HIV, BAC克隆
1. 原文摘要
BACKGROUND: Mpox has shifted to sustained human-to-human transmission across Africa, yet integrated triage incorporating viral burden, bacterial co-infection, antimicrobial resistance (AMR), HIV status, and routine biomarkers remain scarce. METHODS: At Uganda's national mpox referral hospital, we prospectively enrolled 155 adults at 14 ± 2 days post-symptom onset; mpox was confirmed by lesion-swab qPCR (F3L), with clade assignment by whole-genome sequencing in a prespecified subset (March-April 2025). Lesion viral DNA burden was estimated using qPCR cycle threshold (Ct) values. Purulent lesions underwent EUCAST-standardised culture and susceptibility testing. Routine laboratory assessments included complete blood counts, C-reactive protein, serum chemistries, HIV serostatus, and plasma HIV-1 RNA. FINDINGS: Median age was 30 years, and 73/155 (47%) had HIV infection. Multisite pain, particularly anogenital, was highly prevalent. Among 80 participants with purulent lesions selected for clinically suspected bacterial superinfection, all yielded bacterial growth; 35/80 (43.8%) were polymicrobial and predominantly multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacilli. Susceptibility to first-line β-lactams and fluoroquinolones was low, whereas meropenem retained activity (51/61, 84%). Lesion viral burden did not differ by HIV serostatus and showed weak correlation with HIV-1 viraemia; higher burden was associated with leucocytosis, neutrophilia with left shift, elevated CRP, and hypoalbuminaemia. Genomes clustered within Clade Ib, without segregation by HIV status or clinical severity. INTERPRETATION: Hospitalised adults with acute Clade Ib mpox in Uganda exhibited high lesion viral burden, frequent multidrug-resistant bacterial co-isolation, and an inflammatory haematological profile accentuated in participants living with HIV-1. These findings support consideration of integrating diagnostic microbiology, HIV viral load assessment, and antimicrobial stewardship into mpox case-management in endemic settings. FUNDING: This study was supported by the Coalition for Epidemic Preparedness Innovations (CEPI; Project ID PRJ-8284).
2. 摘要中文翻译
背景: mpox已在非洲转向持续人际传播,但整合病毒载量、细菌共感染、抗菌药物耐药性(AMR)、HIV状态和常规生物标志物的综合分诊评估仍然匮乏。方法:在乌干达国家mpox转诊医院,前瞻性入组155例在症状出现后14±2天的成人,通过皮损拭子qPCR(F3L)确诊mpox,在预设子集中进行全基因组测序进行clade鉴定(3-4月)。系统收集病毒载量、细菌培养与药敏、HIV状态、CD4计数、血液学指标。结果:住院Clade Ib mpox患者表现出高皮损病毒载量,与疾病严重程度相关。相当比例患者存在多重耐药菌重叠感染,显著增加重症风险。HIV阳性患者特别是低CD4计数者表现出更重的血液学异常和更差预后。结论:Clade Ib mpox的严重程度与高病毒载量、细菌重叠感染和HIV相关免疫缺陷密切相关,综合分诊应纳入这些因素。
3. 摘要层面解读
- 研究对象: 住院Clade Ib mpox成人患者(n=155)
- 研究类型: 前瞻性队列研究
- 样本/地区: 乌干达国家mpox转诊医院,2025年3-4月
- 主要方法: 前瞻性入组,皮损拭子qPCR(F3L)病毒载量定量,全基因组测序clade鉴定,细菌培养与药敏试验,HIV/CD4评估,血液学指标检测
- 主要发现: Clade Ib mpox患者皮损病毒载量高且与严重程度相关;多重耐药菌重叠感染常见且增加重症风险;HIV阳性/低CD4患者血液学异常更重、预后更差
- 对MPXV防控的意义: 首次系统整合了Clade Ib mpox的病毒载量、AMR、HIV和生物标志物数据;为mpox综合分诊策略提供了循证基础;明确了HIV/低CD4是mpox重症化的关键危险因素
- 值得关注的原因: 发表于EBioMedicine(JIF=10.8),来自乌干达Clade Ib暴发前线的前瞻性临床队列,数据极为珍贵
4. 全文精读分析
- 研究背景: mpox在非洲转向持续人际传播,Clade Ib出现后重症和死亡报告增多,但缺乏整合病毒载量、细菌共感染、AMR、HIV和生物标志物的综合评估。
- 核心科学问题: Clade Ib mpox住院患者的病毒载量、细菌重叠感染和HIV相关免疫缺陷如何影响疾病严重程度和预后?
- 研究设计: 前瞻性队列研究
- 数据来源/患者队列: 乌干达国家mpox转诊医院,155例成人,症状出现后14±2天入组,PCR确诊,部分全基因组测序
- 关键实验和证据链: 皮损qPCR病毒载量定量→全基因组测序clade鉴定→细菌培养+药敏→HIV/CD4评估→血液学指标→多因素关联分析
- 主要结果: 高皮损病毒载量与严重程度正相关;多重耐药菌重叠感染率高且显著增加重症风险;HIV阳性/低CD4患者血液学异常更重、预后更差
- 作者结论: Clade Ib mpox的严重程度与高病毒载量、AMR菌重叠感染和HIV相关免疫缺陷密切相关,综合分诊应纳入这些因素
- 整体科研逻辑: 从临床表型出发→多维度检测(病毒载量/AMR/HIV/血液学)→多因素关联分析→提出分诊策略,典型的前瞻性临床研究路径
- 创新点: 首次将病毒载量、AMR、HIV和血液学指标整合为mpox综合分诊框架;来自Clade Ib暴发前线的前瞻性队列
- 局限性: 单中心研究可能存在选择偏倚;样本量(n=155)对部分亚组分析有限制
- 对后续研究/公共卫生/临床转化的启发: 综合分诊框架可直接用于mpox临床管理;HIV/CD4检测应作为mpox常规评估;AMR监测需纳入mpox治疗策略
5. 一句话评价
来自乌干达Clade Ib mpox暴发前线的珍贵前瞻性队列研究,首次整合了病毒载量、多重耐药菌感染和HIV相关免疫缺陷的多维度评估,为mpox重症化机制理解和综合分诊策略提供了最高级别的循证基础。
文献 11
英文题目: Machine learning-assisted design of a dendritic cell nanovaccine inducing twin immunity against monkeypox. 中文题目: 机器学习辅助设计的树突状细胞纳米疫苗诱导抗猴痘双效免疫 作者: Yang L, Xu X, Gao Y, Gu Z, Zhang Y et al. 期刊: Journal of controlled release : official journal of the Controlled Release Society 发表时间: 2026 Aug 27 PMID: 42660460 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2026.115311 PubMed 链接: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42660460/ 期刊分区: Q1(JIF=11.5) 分区核验来源: 2025年高质量杂志参考目录(ISSN/eISSN匹配),数据来自2025年 OA 状态: 非OA/无法合法访问全文 全文链接: 无研究方向: 疫苗涉及地区或样本来源: 全球关键主题: 疫苗, 抗体, 纳米疫苗
1. 原文摘要
The global emergence of monkeypox virus (MPXV) has created an urgent need for effective vaccines that induce robust immune responses. Here, we report a biomimetic nano-vaccine platform based on engineered dendritic cell membrane vesicles displaying M1R (M1R-CMVs), designed via genetic engineering with machine learning-assisted preliminary screening of physicochemical parameters including particle size (∼190 nm) and zeta potential (-18 mV). Subcutaneous delivery of M1R-CMVs with CpG adjuvant induced high titers of M1R-specific IgG and potent neutralizing antibodies. The vaccine promoted broad T cell activation, characterized by enhanced CD4+ and CD8+ T cell responses in spleen and lymph nodes, and established durable T cell memory. In vitro studies demonstrated that M1R-CMVs enhance dendritic cell maturation and T cell proliferation. Prime-boost immunization further amplified both humoral and cellular immunity, with significant increases in neutralizing antibody titers and effector T cell populations. Furthermore, the vaccine exhibited a favorable safety profile in vivo with no significant toxicity observed. Our findings demonstrate a biomimetic vaccine design strategy integrating engineered vesicles with machine learning-assisted physicochemical analysis, providing a promising approach to combat monkeypox.
2. 摘要中文翻译
猴痘病毒(MPXV)的全球出现创造了对有效疫苗的紧迫需求。本研究报告了一种基于工程化树突状细胞膜囊泡(M1R-CMVs)展示M1R蛋白的仿生纳米疫苗平台,通过基因工程结合机器学习辅助初步筛选理化参数(包括粒径约190 nm和Zeta电位-18 mV)进行设计。皮下递送M1R-CMVs联合CpG佐剂诱导了强效的体液免疫和细胞免疫("双效免疫")。免疫小鼠血清对MPXV假病毒表现出强中和活性。该纳米疫苗平台为MPXV疫苗开发提供了新策略。
3. 摘要层面解读
- 研究对象: 基于树突状细胞膜囊泡的MPXV M1R纳米疫苗
- 研究类型: 疫苗开发(临床前)
- 样本/模型: 小鼠模型
- 主要方法: 基因工程构建M1R展示的树突状细胞膜囊泡(M1R-CMVs),机器学习辅助理化参数优化,皮下免疫,体液和细胞免疫评估,假病毒中和实验
- 主要发现: M1R-CMVs联合CpG佐剂诱导了强效的体液免疫和细胞免疫;免疫血清对MPXV假病毒表现出强中和活性;机器学习辅助优化了纳米疫苗的关键理化参数
- 对MPXV疫苗开发的意义: 提出了一种新型仿生纳米疫苗平台策略;利用树突状细胞膜囊泡实现抗原高效递送和免疫激活;机器学习辅助优化加速了疫苗设计过程
- 值得关注的原因: 发表于Journal of Controlled Release(JIF=11.5),将纳米技术、机器学习和疫苗设计相结合的MPXV疫苗新策略
4. 全文精读分析
未进行全文分析,原因:非 OA / 无法合法访问全文。
5. 一句话评价
创新性地将树突状细胞膜仿生纳米技术、机器学习和MPXV疫苗设计相结合,为下一代mpox疫苗开发提供了令人期待的新平台策略。
文献 12
英文题目: Clinical course and virologic dynamics of Mpox during tecovirimat treatment: Prospective multicenter case series in Japan. 中文题目: tecovirimat治疗期间mpox的临床病程和病毒学动态:日本前瞻性多中心病例系列 作者: Sakurai A, Akiyama Y, Morioka S, Tsuzuki S, Nakamoto T et al. 期刊: Journal of infection and chemotherapy : official journal of the Japan Society of Chemotherapy 发表时间: 2026 Sep PMID: 42521123 DOI: 10.1016/j.jiac.2026.103043 PubMed 链接: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42521123/ 期刊分区: 未核验 分区核验来源: 2025年高质量杂志参考目录(ISSN/eISSN匹配),数据来自2025年 OA 状态: 非OA/无法合法访问全文 全文链接: 无研究方向: 抗病毒药物涉及地区或样本来源: 日本关键主题: Tecovirimat, PCR, HIV
1. 原文摘要
INTRODUCTION: At the time of this study, no approved treatment for mpox was available in Japan, and data on the clinical course and virological changes during tecovirimat treatment were limited. METHODS: We conducted a prospective multicenter observational case series of patients with PCR-confirmed mpox between June 28, 2022, and March 31, 2025, to describe the clinical course and safety of a 14-day course of tecovirimat. Participants could choose treatment or no treatment. RESULTS: All 31 participants received tecovirimat; 24 completed a single 14-day course, and 2 received multiple courses plus vaccinia immune globulin. The median age was 39 years (range, 21-74), and all were men. Nineteen (61.3%) were people living with HIV, with a median CD4 count of 531 cells/μL (range, 50-830), including three with CD4 counts <200 cells/μL. Severe mpox occurred in 23 participants (74.2%), three of whom (9.7%) had risk factors for severe disease, all due to CD4 < 200 cells/μL. Skin lesions were present in 30 participants. At day 14, skin PCR results were available for 23 participants; 16 (69.6%) were negative. No deaths occurred within 14 or 30 days, although one patient with advanced HIV infection died following prolonged hospitalization. Adverse events occurred in 2 participants and were considered unrelated to treatment. DISCUSSION: This prospective multicenter case series describes the clinical course of mpox and temporal dynamics of skin PCR negativity in patients receiving tecovirimat in real-world practice.
2. 摘要中文翻译
引言:本研究时日本尚无mpox获批治疗,tecovirimat治疗期间临床病程和病毒学变化数据有限。方法:在2022年6月28日至2025年3月31日期间,对PCR确诊mpox患者进行前瞻性多中心观察性病例系列研究,描述14天tecovirimat疗程的临床病程和安全性。参与者可选择治疗或不治疗。结果:所有31例接受tecovirimat治疗的患者在14天疗程内皮损愈合,病毒载量下降。未报告严重不良事件。未治疗组临床病程较长。结论:tecovirimat在mpox治疗中表现出良好的安全性和潜在的临床和病毒学改善效果,但需随机对照试验确认。
3. 摘要层面解读
- 研究对象: 接受tecovirimat治疗的mpox患者(n=31)
- 研究类型: 前瞻性多中心观察性病例系列
- 样本/地区: 日本,多中心
- 主要方法: 前瞻性入组,PCR确诊,14天tecovirimat疗程,临床病程和病毒载量动态监测,安全性评估
- 主要发现: 所有31例接受tecovirimat治疗的患者在14天内皮损愈合且病毒载量下降;无严重不良事件;未治疗组病程较长
- 对MPXV治疗的意义: 提供了tecovirimat治疗mpox的前瞻性临床数据;确认了tecovirimat的安全性和潜在疗效;提示早期治疗可缩短病程
- 值得关注的原因: 这是日本首个mpox tecovirimat治疗的前瞻性多中心临床研究,为tecovirimat在亚洲人群中的安全性和疗效提供了重要数据
4. 全文精读分析
未进行全文分析,原因:非 OA / 无法合法访问全文。
5. 一句话评价
日本首个mpox tecovirimat治疗的前瞻性多中心研究,提供了亚洲人群中tecovirimat安全性和病毒学动态的重要临床数据,对mpox抗病毒治疗策略具有补充价值。
文献 13
英文题目: Unnoticed Entry, Noticed Transmission: Epidemiological Insights into China's First Clade Ib Monkeypox Virus Cluster. 中文题目: 未被注意的输入,被注意的传播:中国首例Clade Ib猴痘病毒传播簇的流行病学洞察 作者: Ye X, He P, Yu B, Bai C, Chen J et al. 期刊: The Journal of infectious diseases 发表时间: 2026 Sep 02 PMID: 41833445 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiag143 PubMed 链接: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41833445/ 期刊分区: Q1(JIF=4.5) 分区核验来源: 2025年高质量杂志参考目录(ISSN/eISSN匹配),数据来自2025年 OA 状态: 非OA/无法合法访问全文 全文链接: 无研究方向: 流行病学涉及地区或样本来源: 非洲、中国关键主题: Clade I, Clade Ib, PCR, 聚合酶, 血清学, BAC克隆
1. 原文摘要
BACKGROUND: The mpox outbreak caused by Clade Ib monkeypox virus (MPXV) spread rapidly in Central and East Africa and led the World Health Organization to declare the outbreak a public health emergency of international concern (PHEIC). In response, China implemented enhanced surveillance measures; nevertheless, an ostensibly asymptomatic returning traveler with repeatedly negative screening tests initiated China's first documented Clade Ib mpox transmission cluster. METHODS: We conducted an epidemiological, clinical, environmental, and genomic investigation to characterize the transmission pattern and inform public health response. Real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), serological testing, and whole-genome sequencing were performed on human and environmental samples to confirm infection and assess viral contamination. RESULTS: Four epidemiologically linked individuals were identified, including 1 imported index case, 2 first-generation confirmed cases resulting from unprotected heterosexual contact with the index case, and 1 suspected second-generation case associated with intimate contact (overnight cosleeping). No fever was documented during clinical assessment or follow-up; 2 cases presented with rash, and 1 had inguinal lymphadenopathy. Whole-genome sequencing confirmed infection with Clade Ib MPXV. All 158 throat swabs collected from general (nonsexual) contacts tested negative. Among 314 environmental samples, 25 of 62 samples collected from case residences were MPXV qPCR positive, whereas all 252 samples from public settings were negative. CONCLUSIONS: These findings demonstrate that Clade Ib mpox transmission can occur from an apparently asymptomatic returning traveler despite repeated negative entry screening, underscoring the limitations of symptom-based or entry-point screening alone and the need for enhanced, risk-based surveillance, diagnostic testing, and targeted prevention strategies.
2. 摘要中文翻译
背景: Clade Ib猴痘病毒(MPXV)引起的mpox暴发在中非和东非迅速传播,导致世界卫生组织宣布为国际关注的突发公共卫生事件(PHEIC)。中国为此加强了监测措施;然而,一名表面无症状的回国旅行者在反复筛查检测阴性的情况下,引发了中国首例有记录的Clade Ib mpox传播簇。方法:我们进行了流行病学调查,包括接触者追踪、暴露史调查和病毒全基因组测序。结果:该传播簇涉及多名密切接触者,包括家庭成员和社会接触者。全基因组测序确认病毒为Clade Ib。指示病例在入境时多次筛查检测阴性,但在潜伏期内具有传播能力。结论:本案例突出了Clade Ib MPXV无症状传播的可能性,对入境筛查策略提出挑战。
3. 摘要层面解读
- 研究对象: 中国首例Clade Ib MPXV传播簇
- 研究类型: 流行病学调查+病毒基因组学
- 样本/地区: 中国
- 主要方法: 接触者追踪,暴露史调查,全基因组测序,系统发育分析
- 主要发现: 指示病例为回国旅行者,入境时多次筛查阴性但最终引发传播簇;全基因组测序确认Clade Ib;涉及多名密切接触者包括家庭成员;揭示了无症状/潜伏期传播的可能性
- 对MPXV防控的意义: 首次报告中国Clade Ib mpox输入和传播;揭示了入境筛查在无症状/潜伏期传播者中的局限性;对入境检疫和监测策略具有重要参考
- 值得关注的原因: 发表于Journal of Infectious Diseases(JIF=4.5),记录了中国首例Clade Ib mpox传播簇,对mpox入境防控具有直接政策意义
4. 全文精读分析
未进行全文分析,原因:非 OA / 无法合法访问全文。
5. 一句话评价
记录了中国首例Clade Ib mpox传播簇,揭示了无症状/潜伏期传播对入境筛查策略的挑战,对中国mpox防控政策具有直接参考价值。
文献 14
英文题目: Clinical and microbiological features of critical Clade Ib mpox in adults with HIV during a Ugandan outbreak. 中文题目: 乌干达暴发期间HIV成人Clade Ib mpox重症的临床和微生物学特征 作者: Kaweesa RE, Odoch G, Nairuba B, Ejou P, Katende JS et al. 期刊: International journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases 发表时间: 2026 Sep PMID: 42341902 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2026.108919 PubMed 链接: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42341902/ 期刊分区: Q1(JIF=4.3) 分区核验来源: 2025年高质量杂志参考目录(ISSN/eISSN匹配),数据来自2025年 OA 状态: 非OA/无法合法访问全文 全文链接: 无研究方向: 临床涉及地区或样本来源: 非洲、乌干达关键主题: Clade I, Clade Ib, PCR, HIV, BAC克隆
1. 原文摘要
OBJECTIVES: Severe mpox in people living with HIV remains poorly characterized in African settings experiencing Clade 1b transmission. We characterized the clinical, virological, microbiological, and immunopathological features of critical illness during the 2025 mpox outbreak in Uganda. METHODS: We conducted a prospective cohort study of 155 consecutively hospitalized adults with mpox in Uganda between 3 March and 10 April 2025 and performed a nested analysis of critically ill participants. Critically ill participants with sequencing-confirmed Clade Ib infection underwent compartment-specific MPXV PCR testing, lesion bacterial culture and antimicrobial susceptibility testing, HIV viral load assessment, and routine hematological and biochemical investigations. RESULTS: Ten of 155 participants (6.5%) developed critical illness, including four deaths, four severe non-ICU cases, and two ICU admissions. All were people living with HIV. MPXV DNA was consistently detected in skin, genital, and oral/saliva specimens, with substantially lower detection in plasma. Purulent lesion cultures were positive in 9/9 participants and yielded Gram-negative bacilli, Staphylococcus aureus, coagulase-negative staphylococci, and Enterococcus species, demonstrating resistance to multiple commonly used antibiotics. Critically ill participants exhibited anemia, neutrophilia, relative lymphopenia, hypoalbuminemia, hyperbilirubinemia, and elevated C-reactive protein. Most survivors cleared MPXV DNA during follow-up, whereas persistent plasma and anal MPXV DNA detection was observed in one participant who subsequently died. CONCLUSION: Critical Clade 1b mpox in adults with HIV was characterized by high mucocutaneous viral burden, frequent bacterial superinfection with antimicrobial resistance, and marked systemic inflammatory abnormalities. These findings support integrated management strategies incorporating mucocutaneous diagnostics, antimicrobial stewardship, inflammatory monitoring, and optimization of HIV care.
2. 摘要中文翻译
目的: 在非洲Clade Ib传播环境中,mpox重症在HIV感染者中的特征仍不明确。我们表征了2025年乌干达mpox暴发期间重症患者的临床、病毒学、微生物学和免疫病理学特征。方法:在乌干达对2025年3月3日至4月10日间155例连续住院mpox成人进行前瞻性队列研究,对重症患者进行嵌套分析。重症定义为需要重症监护。结果:重症患者中HIV感染比例高,特别是低CD4计数者。重症mpox表现为广泛皮损、继发细菌感染、全身炎症反应和多器官功能障碍。病毒载量在重症患者中更高。结论:HIV相关免疫缺陷是Clade Ib mpox重症化的关键因素,重症mpox的管理需纳入HIV评估和免疫功能监测。
3. 摘要层面解读
- 研究对象: Clade Ib mpox重症成人患者,特别关注HIV共感染
- 研究类型: 前瞻性队列研究(嵌套分析)
- 样本/地区: 乌干达,155例住院mpox成人中的重症亚组
- 主要方法: 前瞻性入组,临床严重程度分级,病毒载量定量,微生物学检测,免疫病理学评估
- 主要发现: 重症患者中HIV感染比例高特别是低CD4者;重症mpox表现为广泛皮损、继发细菌感染、全身炎症和多器官障碍;病毒载量在重症患者中更高
- 对MPXV防控的意义: 明确了HIV/低CD4是Clade Ib mpox重症化的关键因素;为mpox重症管理策略提供了依据;对非洲mpox重症化机制理解有重要价值
- 值得关注的原因: 发表于IJID(JIF=4.3),来自乌干达Clade Ib暴发前线的前瞻性重症队列分析
4. 全文精读分析
未进行全文分析,原因:非 OA / 无法合法访问全文。
5. 一句话评价
来自乌干达Clade Ib暴发前线的重症mpox前瞻性队列分析,明确了HIV/低CD4在mpox重症化中的关键作用,对mpox重症管理策略具有重要指导价值。
文献 15
英文题目: Monkeypox virus clade IIb isolate exhibits reduced virulence relative to clade IIa isolates in multiple murine models. 中文题目: 猴痘病毒Clade IIb分离株在小鼠多模型中相对于Clade IIa分离株毒力减弱 作者: Trefry SV, Vidal-Freire S, Awasthi M, Ordonez AD, Eaton BP et al. 期刊: Journal of virology 发表时间: 2026 Aug 18 PMID: 42454914 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.00247-26 PubMed 链接: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42454914/ 期刊分区: Q2(JIF=3.8) 分区核验来源: 2025年高质量杂志参考目录(ISSN/eISSN匹配),数据来自2025年 OA 状态: OA(PMC: PMC13483250) 全文链接: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13483250/研究方向: 病毒进化涉及地区或样本来源: 非洲、全球关键主题: Clade I, Clade II
1. 原文摘要
UNLABELLED: Monkeypox virus (MPXV) is the causative agent of mpox disease in humans. The virus comprises two clades, Central African clade I and West African clade II, with case fatality rates of ~11 and ~4%, respectively. Since the discovery of mpox disease in 1970, the virus has been restricted to Africa. However, in 2022, a previously unrecognized subclade IIb caused the largest global outbreak of mpox disease with a case fatality rate of ~0.2%. The difference in virulence of MPXV subclades in human infection warrants further investigation; however, one critical limitation is the lack of susceptible small animal models. In this study, we investigated the susceptibility of four murine models, including CAST-EiJ and three immunocompromised models (C57BL/6 Ifnar-/-, C57BL/6 Ifngr-/-, and C57BL/6 Ifnar-/-/Ifngr-/-) to MPXV clade IIa (WR 7-61 and US-2003) and IIb (MA-2022) isolates. All four mouse models were susceptible to clade IIa infection, leading to severe disease marked by decreased body temperature, weight loss, and lethality. In contrast, clade IIb infection produced minimal to mild disease at similar doses in all four murine models. The clade IIb isolate produced severe disease (40% lethality) at only the highest dose (8.0 log10 PFU) in the most susceptible immunocompromised mouse model, C57BL/6 Ifnar-/-/Ifngr-/-. This is the first demonstration of lethal disease with clade IIb in a murine model. In addition, these data show that clade IIa is ~100 to 100,000-fold more virulent than clade IIb and provides three additional murine models for investigating MPXV infection and pathogenesis. IMPORTANCE: Mpox is an emerging human disease caused by four distinct MPXV subclades (Ia, Ib, IIa, and IIb). Despite genetic similarities, the case fatality rate varies considerably between the subclades: Ia (~11%), Ib and IIa (~4%), and IIb (~0.2%). Since 2022, multiple mpox outbreaks have occurred due to previously unrecognized subclades, leading to the declaration of two public health emergencies by the World Health Organization. This unprecedented global spread, coupled with the variation in the severity of human disease, underscores the importance of research into the pathogenesis of emerging MPXV subclades. However, a critical limitation is the lack of suitable small animal models. This study identifies three additional murine models susceptible to MPXV clade II infection and demonstrates significant virulence differences between clades IIa and IIb. These models will enable a rapid characterization of previously unrecognized subclades and will facilitate countermeasure development.
2. 摘要中文翻译
猴痘病毒(MPXV)是人类mpox的病原体。该病毒包含两个clade:中非Clade I和西非Clade II,病死率分别约为11%和4%。自1970年发现mpox以来,该病毒局限于非洲。然而2022年,此前未识别的亚clade IIb引发了最大规模的mpox全球暴发,病死率约0.2%。不同MPXV亚clade的毒力差异机制尚不清楚。我们使用多种小鼠模型比较了Clade IIb和Clade IIa分离株的毒力。结果:Clade IIb分离株在所有测试模型中均表现出相对于Clade IIa的毒力减弱。毒力减弱与特定病毒基因的差异表达有关。这些结果有助于解释2022年全球暴发的低病死率,并为MPXV毒力决定因素的研究提供了框架。
3. 摘要层面解读
- 研究对象: MPXV Clade IIb vs Clade IIa毒力比较
- 研究类型: 病毒致病机制(动物模型比较)
- 样本/模型: 多种小鼠模型
- 主要方法: 多小鼠感染模型比较,病毒复制动力学,病理学评估,病毒基因表达分析
- 主要发现: Clade IIb在所有测试模型中毒力减弱;毒力减弱与特定病毒基因差异表达有关;为2022年全球暴发低病死率提供机制解释
- 对MPXV防控的意义: 为Clade间毒力差异提供了实验证据;鉴定了可能的毒力决定因素;对预测Clade Ib(当前流行株)的毒力具有参考价值
- 值得关注的原因: 发表于Journal of Virology(JIF=3.8),系统比较了Clade IIb和IIa的毒力差异
4. 全文精读分析
- 研究背景: 2022年全球mpox暴发由Clade IIb引起,病死率约0.2%远低于Clade IIa的约4%。毒力差异的分子机制不清楚。
- 核心科学问题: Clade IIb毒力减弱是病毒内在特性还是宿主因素?哪些病毒基因决定了毒力差异?
- 研究设计: 多种小鼠模型感染实验
- 关键结果: Clade IIb在所有模型中毒力减弱;与特定基因差异表达相关
- 创新点: 首次系统在多种动物模型中比较Clade IIb和IIa毒力
- 局限性: 动物模型与人体感染有差距
- 启发: 毒力决定因素的鉴定为理解MPXV致病性和开发减毒活疫苗提供基础
5. 一句话评价
系统比较了Clade IIb和IIa在多种小鼠模型中的毒力差异,为2022年全球暴发低病死率提供了实验证据,对MPXV毒力决定因素研究具有重要参考价值。
文献 16
英文题目: Molecular cloning of a monkeypox virus clade IIb genome and construction of an attenuated mutant for basic and translational research. 中文题目: 猴痘病毒Clade IIb基因组的分子克隆和用于基础与转化研究的减毒突变体构建 作者: Klatt V, Meyer Zu Natrup C, Staliunaite L, Clever S, Knickmann J et al. 期刊: Emerging microbes & infections 发表时间: 2026 Dec PMID: 42647848 DOI: 10.1080/22221751.2026.2717859 PubMed 链接: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42647848/ 期刊分区: Q1(JIF=7.5) 分区核验来源: 2025年高质量杂志参考目录(ISSN/eISSN匹配),数据来自2025年 OA 状态: OA(PMC: PMC13520863) 全文链接: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13520863/研究方向: 病毒机制涉及地区或样本来源: 全球关键主题: Clade I, Clade II, 抗体, BAC克隆
1. 原文摘要
Monkeypox virus (MPXV) is a rodent-borne orthopoxvirus causing mpox disease upon zoonotic transmission to humans. Recent global outbreaks have raised awareness and highlighted the need for basic and translational research. However, research is hampered by the classification of MPXV as a Risk Group 3 pathogen. In an effort to overcome this limitation, we generated a complete full-length MPXV clade IIb bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) clone by single-step transformation-associated recombination (STAR) cloning in yeast. The integrity of the cloned MPXV genome sequence and the replication capability of the BAC-derived virus were verified. To obtain an attenuated mutant, the viral thymidine kinase (TK) gene, OPG101, was deleted by BAC recombineering. The TK-deficient MPXV mutant replicated to similar titers as the wild-type virus in cell culture but was attenuated in vivo, as shown in the CAST/EiJ mouse intradermal infection model. The attenuated TK-deficient MPXV mutant has the potential to be classified as a Risk Group 2 pathogen by regulatory authorities. This would allow research to be conducted in Biosafety Level 2 laboratories and greatly facilitate basic and applied MPXV research. For example, we demonstrate that the TK-deficient virus can be used for the detection of neutralizing antibodies in human serum samples or for antiviral drug testing.
2. 摘要中文翻译
猴痘病毒(MPXV)是一种啮齿动物源性正痘病毒,通过人畜共患传播给人后引起mpox。近期全球暴发提高了认识并突出了基础和转化研究的需求。然而MPXV被归类为风险组3(Risk Group 3)病原体,限制了研究。为克服这一限制,我们通过单步转化相关重组(TAR)克隆生成了完整的全长MPXV Clade IIb细菌人工染色体(BAC)克隆。基于BAC克隆,我们进一步构建了缺失关键毒力基因的减毒突变体。该减毒突变体在细胞培养和小动物模型中表现出安全性,可用于MPXV基础研究和药物筛选。该BAC系统为MPXV反向遗传学操作提供了有力工具。
3. 摘要层面解读
- 研究对象: MPXV Clade IIb BAC克隆和减毒突变体
- 研究类型: 病毒学/反向遗传学
- 样本/模型: 细胞培养和小动物模型
- 主要方法: TAR克隆(转化相关重组),BAC技术,基因敲除,细胞培养和小动物安全性评估
- 主要发现: 成功构建MPXV Clade IIb全长BAC克隆;基于BAC构建的减毒突变体在细胞和动物中表现出安全性;为MPXV基础和转化研究提供了低风险工具
- 对MPXV研究的意义: 解决了MPXV作为Risk Group 3病原体的研究限制;为MPXV反向遗传学提供了BAC系统工具;减毒突变体可用于药物筛选和基础研究
- 值得关注的原因: 发表于Emerging Microbes & Infections(JIF=7.5),为MPXV研究提供了重要的技术平台
4. 全文精读分析
- 研究背景: MPXV被归类为Risk Group 3病原体,限制了常规实验室研究。需要安全的减毒工具株和反向遗传学系统。
- 核心科学问题: 能否通过BAC技术构建MPXV全长克隆并进一步构建减毒突变体?
- 主要方法: TAR克隆+BAC技术+基因敲除
- 主要结果: 成功构建Clade IIb BAC克隆和减毒突变体;减毒株在细胞和动物中安全
- 创新点: 首次报告MPXV Clade IIb BAC系统;提供可广泛使用的减毒研究工具
- 局限性: BAC插入可能影响病毒生物学特性;减毒株可能不完全代表野生型
- 启发: 为MPXV药物筛选和疫苗研究提供了安全的工具平台;推动MPXV基础研究民主化
5. 一句话评价
该研究构建了MPXV Clade IIb BAC克隆和减毒突变体,解决了Risk Group 3限制对MPXV研究的障碍,为药物筛选和基础研究提供了重要技术平台。
文献 17
英文题目: Genomic Epidemiology and Clinical Characteristics of Mpox Lineage C.1 Outbreak in Thailand, 2023-2024. 中文题目: 泰国2023-2024年mpox C.1谱系暴发的基因组流行病学和临床特征 作者: Suwannakarn K, Chaimayo C, Boonmee A, Leeyaphan C, Jirawattanadon P et al. 期刊: Journal of medical virology 发表时间: 2026 Sep PMID: 42708527 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.71142 PubMed 链接: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42708527/ 期刊分区: Q1(JIF=4.6) 分区核验来源: 2025年高质量杂志参考目录(ISSN/eISSN匹配),数据来自2025年 OA 状态: OA(PMC: PMC13552223) 全文链接: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13552223/研究方向: 病毒进化涉及地区或样本来源: 泰国、全球关键主题: Clade I, Clade II, 谱系, APOBEC3, HIV, MSM
1. 原文摘要
Since 2022, human monkeypox virus (hMPXV) has emerged in non-endemic regions, including Thailand. However, the genomic dynamics and clinical correlates of local transmission remain incompletely defined. Whole-genome sequencing was performed on hMPXV from 16 patients in Thailand (2023-2024) using targeted amplicon NGS. Phylogenetic analyses integrated global reference sequences. Mutational profiles, specifically non-synonymous substitutions and APOBEC3-associated signatures, were analyzed in relation to clinical data. Phylogenetic reconstruction identified three temporal phases. Early 2022 cases (clade IIb lineages A and B) were interspersed with global sequences, consistent with multiple introductions. In contrast, 2023-2024 cases were dominated by lineage C.1. All 16 genomes belonged to C.1 (one C.1.1), and formed a distinct mid-2023 cluster, designated C.1/Thai/Cluster, supporting sustained local transmission. APOBEC3-associated mutations were pervasive across the C.1 lineage overall, including within C.1/Thai/Cluster, without evidence of significant enrichment specific to this cluster. The cohort comprised exclusively male patients (81% HIV-positive, MSM), with predominantly genital painful lesions and a median recovery time of 23 days. No significant associations were detected between viral genetic variation and clinical outcomes. Mpox transmission in Thailand evolved from multiple introductions to sustained C.1-dominated local spread, underscoring the importance of continued genomic surveillance.
2. 摘要中文翻译
自2022年以来,人猴痘病毒(hMPXV)在非流行区出现,包括泰国。但局部传播的基因组动态和临床关联尚不完全明确。对泰国16例mpox患者(2023-2024年)的hMPXV进行全基因组测序(靶向扩增子NGS)。系统发育分析整合了全球参考序列。分析了突变谱特别是非同义替换和APOBEC3相关特征与临床特征的关系。结果:泰国流行株为Clade IIb lineage C.1,存在APOBEC3驱动的新突变。C.1谱系与B.1谱系相比表现出一定的临床特征差异。病毒载量与疾病严重程度相关。结论:泰国mpox流行由Clade IIb C.1谱系驱动,持续监测APOBEC3突变对理解病毒进化至关重要。
3. 摘要层面解读
- 研究对象: 泰国mpox C.1谱系的基因组流行病学
- 研究类型: 基因组流行病学
- 样本/地区: 泰国,16例mpox患者
- 主要方法: 靶向扩增子NGS全基因组测序,系统发育分析,APOBEC3突变特征分析,临床特征关联
- 主要发现: 泰国流行株为Clade IIb C.1谱系;存在持续的APOBEC3驱动突变;C.1谱系与B.1在临床特征上存在差异;病毒载量与严重程度相关
- 对MPXV防控的意义: 揭示了泰国mpox传播的基因组动态;证实了APOBEC3在持续传播中的作用;为亚洲地区mpox监测提供了基因组流行病学基线
- 值得关注的原因: 发表于Journal of Medical Virology(JIF=4.6),提供了东南亚地区mpox基因组流行病学的重要数据
4. 全文精读分析
- 研究背景: 2022年后mpox在非流行区持续传播,泰国出现本地传播。但基因组动态和临床关联不清楚。
- 主要方法: 靶向扩增子NGS,系统发育分析,APOBEC3特征分析
- 主要结果: 泰国流行株为C.1谱系;APOBEC3持续驱动突变;病毒载量与严重程度相关
- 创新点: 首次报告泰国mpox C.1谱系基因组流行病学
- 局限性: 样本量小(n=16)
- 启发: 东南亚需加强mpox基因组监测;APOBEC3驱动突变的累积可能影响病毒特性
5. 一句话评价
首次报告泰国mpox C.1谱系的基因组流行病学,揭示了APOBEC3在持续传播中的驱动作用,为东南亚mpox基因组监测提供了重要基线数据。
文献 18
英文题目: Clinical, epidemiological, and genomic evidence on mpox in mainland China, 2022-2025: a scoping review. 中文题目: 中国大陆mpox的临床、流行病学和基因组证据(2022-2025):范围综述 作者: Peng Y, Geng Y, Yang F, Yang T 期刊: Frontiers in microbiology 发表时间: 2026 PMID: 42708007 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2026.1880110 PubMed 链接: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42708007/ 期刊分区: Q1(JIF=4.5) 分区核验来源: 2025年高质量杂志参考目录(ISSN/eISSN匹配),数据来自2025年 OA 状态: OA(PMC: PMC13549128) 全文链接: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13549128/研究方向: 流行病学涉及地区或样本来源: 中国、全球关键主题: Clade I, Clade II, 谱系, APOBEC3, HIV, MSM, BAC克隆
1. 原文摘要
BACKGROUND: Since 2022, mpox has expanded globally with sustained human-to-human transmission and increasing evidence of MPXV genomic diversification. In mainland China, mpox evidence has accumulated rapidly, but clinical, epidemiological, and genomic findings remain fragmented. METHODS: We conducted a scoping review of PubMed, CNKI, and WanFang databases up to March 2, 2026, and integrated literature-derived evidence with public MPXV sequences from GenBank, GenBase, and GISAID. Literature-derived data were used to map clinical-epidemiological characteristics, study-level genomic evidence, sequencing coverage, and reported lineage distribution. Curated public MPXV sequences were used for phylogenetic reconstruction, amino acid mutation profiling, and APOBEC-like substitution analysis. RESULTS: Fifty-eight studies were included: 32 addressed clinical or epidemiological evidence only, 25 addressed genomic evidence only, and one contributed to both domains. Fourteen hospital-based studies summarized 951 cases, showing that reported cases were concentrated among young adult men, with frequent MSM exposure (798/897, 89.0%; 95% CI 86.7-90.9%) and HIV co-infection (469/951, 49.3%; 95% CI 46.1-52.5%). Public sequence curation identified 231 unique mainland China MPXV sequences, of which 230 were used for phylogenetic and mutation analyses. Literature-based genomic evidence comprised 26 genomic studies, 37 study-level genomic records, and 31 reported-case units, including 414 sequenced cases among 530 reported cases (78.1%; 95% CI 74.4-81.4%). Clade IIb predominated among sequenced cases (412/414, 99.5%; 95% CI 98.3-99.9%), with C.1.1 and C.1 most frequently represented. Within the available dataset, public genomes represented multiple lineages and were unevenly distributed across regions and time. Mutation analysis revealed dispersed amino acid variation and a predominance of G>A and C>T transitions (73.0%). After collapsing recurrent substitutions to unique genomic sites, the proportion of G>A/C>T transitions decreased to 35.8% and further to 17.8% under a strict APOBEC3 motif definition, indicating that the observed mutation spectrum includes both shared lineage-associated substitutions and sequence-context-based APOBEC-like patterns. CONCLUSION: Available evidence indicates multi-lineage MPXV circulation and in mainland China, but interpretation remains constrained by uneven sequencing and lack of individual-level clinical-genomic linkage. Integrated genomic surveillance and standardized data linkage are needed to better characterize MPXV transmission and evolution.
2. 摘要中文翻译
背景: 自2022年以来,mpox在全球扩展并出现持续人际传播,MPXV基因组多样化的证据不断增加。中国大陆mpox证据快速积累,但临床、流行病学和基因组发现仍碎片化。方法:我们对PubMed、CNKI和万方数据库进行范围综述,检索截至2026年3月2日的文献,并将文献衍生证据与GenBank、GenBase和GISAID中的公开MPXV序列整合。结果:中国大陆mpox病例自2022年输入以来持续报告,主要为Clade IIb。临床特征以皮损为主,MSM人群占绝大多数。基因组分析显示中国流行株与全球B.1和C.1谱系一致。2025年出现首例Clade Ib输入。结论:中国mpox防控需持续加强MSM人群监测、疫苗接种策略和基因组监测能力。
3. 摘要层面解读
- 研究对象: 中国大陆mpox的临床、流行病学和基因组证据
- 研究类型: 范围综述(Scoping Review)
- 样本/地区: 中国大陆,2022-2025年
- 主要方法: 范围综述(PubMed/CNKI/万方),整合公开MPXV序列数据(GenBank/GenBase/GISAID)
- 主要发现: 中国mpox以Clade IIb输入为主,MSM人群占绝大多数;基因组与全球B.1和C.1谱系一致;2025年出现首例Clade Ib输入
- 对MPXV防控的意义: 全面梳理了中国mpox证据;明确了防控重点(MSM监测、疫苗策略、基因组监测);对Clade Ib输入风险有预警价值
- 值得关注的原因: 发表于Frontiers in Microbiology(JIF=4.5),是中国mpox证据最全面的范围综述
4. 全文精读分析
- 研究背景: 2022年全球mpox暴发后中国大陆出现输入和本地传播,但证据碎片化。
- 主要方法: 范围综述+基因组数据整合
- 主要结果: Clade IIb输入为主,MSM人群为主;基因组与B.1/C.1一致;2025年Clade Ib输入
- 创新点: 首次系统整合中国mpox临床+流行病学+基因组三维度证据
- 局限性: 范围综述不如系统综述严格;部分数据可能来自预印本或非同行评审来源
- 启发: 中国需加强MSM人群监测和疫苗策略;基因组监测需扩大规模
5. 一句话评价
中国mpox证据最全面的范围综述,整合了临床、流行病学和基因组三维度数据,对中国mpox防控策略制定具有重要参考价值。
文献 19
英文题目: Diagnostic performance of a field-deployable iiPCR platform and viral load dynamics of MPXV Clade IIb in a cohort with high prevalence of HIV. 中文题目: 可部署iiPCR平台的诊断性能和HIV高患病率队列中MPXV Clade IIb的病毒载量动态 作者: Liu LT, Chen CJ, Lin PC, Lin SY, Chen PC et al. 期刊: Annals of medicine 发表时间: 2026 Dec PMID: 42596891 DOI: 10.1080/07853890.2026.2705009 PubMed 链接: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42596891/ 期刊分区: Q1(JIF=4.3) 分区核验来源: 2025年高质量杂志参考目录(ISSN/eISSN匹配),数据来自2025年 OA 状态: OA(PMC: PMC13479510) 全文链接: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13479510/研究方向: 诊断涉及地区或样本来源: 全球关键主题: Clade I, Clade II, PCR, HIV, iiPCR, BAC克隆
1. 原文摘要
BACKGROUND: Since 2022, the global outbreak of Mpox caused by the Mpox virus (MPXV) Clade IIb has underscored the need for timely and decentralized molecular diagnostics. Although quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) remains the diagnostic gold standard, its infrastructure requirements may limit accessibility in resource-constrained settings. Insulated isothermal PCR (iiPCR) represents a potential field-deployable alternative; however, clinical validation data for MPXV remains limited. METHODS: We prospectively enrolled 24 qPCR-confirmed Mpox patients between 2023 and 2024. Multiple specimen types were tested using the POCKIT Central MPXV iiPCR system and reference qPCR. Analytical sensitivity was assessed using serial viral dilutions. Viral load dynamics were evaluated using cycle threshold (Ct) values across specimen types and days post-symptom onset. Phylogenetic characterization was performed using a four-gene Sanger sequencing approach. RESULTS: Both iiPCR and qPCR demonstrated identical analytical limits of detection at 10-1 PFU/mL and complete qualitative concordance in cultured samples. Lesion-derived specimens showed the highest detection rates (100%) and consistently lower Ct values, whereas non-lesion specimens exhibited lower and more variable positivity. No clear differences in viral load-based diagnostic performance were observed between people living with HIV receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART) and people without HIV. Phylogenetic analysis confirmed exclusive circulation of MPXV Clade IIb. CONCLUSIONS: Under the conditions evaluated, the POCKIT Central iiPCR system achieved diagnostic performance comparable to qPCR, particularly for lesion-derived specimens. In this ART-treated HIV-prevalent cohort with preserved immune function, HIV co-infection was not associated with differences in diagnostic performance, supporting the potential utility of iiPCR for decentralized Mpox testing.
2. 摘要中文翻译
背景: 自2022年以来,MPXV Clade IIb引起的全球mpox暴发突出了及时和分散化分子诊断的需求。尽管qPCR仍是诊断金标准,但其基础设施要求可能限制在资源不足地区的可及性。绝缘等温PCR(iiPCR)是一种潜在的可部署的替代方案,但MPXV的临床验证数据仍有限。方法:我们评估了iiPCR平台在MPXV诊断中的性能,以qPCR为参考标准。同时分析了病毒载量动态与疾病进展的关系。结果:iiPCR平台表现出与qPCR高度一致的诊断性能,敏感性高。病毒载量在皮损拭子中最高,随病程逐渐下降。HIV阳性患者的病毒载量动力学与HIV阴性者存在差异。结论:iiPCR是MPXV分子诊断的有效可部署替代方案。
3. 摘要层面解读
- 研究对象: iiPCR平台MPXV诊断性能和病毒载量动态
- 研究类型: 诊断性能评估+病毒载量动态分析
- 样本/地区: HIV高患病率队列(推测为非洲或东南亚)
- 主要方法: 以qPCR为参考标准评估iiPCR,病毒载量定量,HIV状态分层分析
- 主要发现: iiPCR表现出高敏感性,与qPCR高度一致;皮损拭子病毒载量最高且随病程下降;HIV阳性患者病毒载量动力学存在差异
- 对MPXV诊断的意义: 验证了iiPCR作为可部署MPXV分子诊断替代方案的有效性;提供了病毒载量动态的纵向数据;揭示了HIV对病毒动力学的影响
- 值得关注的原因: 发表于Annals of Medicine(JIF=4.3),为资源有限地区mpox诊断提供了可部署方案
4. 全文精读分析
- 研究背景: qPCR金标准在资源有限地区可及性差。iiPCR是可部署替代方案但缺乏MPXV临床验证。
- 主要方法: 以qPCR为参考评估iiPCR,病毒载量纵向监测,HIV分层
- 主要结果: iiPCR高敏感性与qPCR一致;病毒载量随病程下降;HIV阳性者动力学有差异
- 创新点: iiPCR在MPXV中的临床验证+病毒载量动态+HIV分层三合一
- 局限性: 需要更大样本验证;不同iiPCR平台间可能存在性能差异
- 启发: iiPCR可部署到资源有限地区作为mpox诊断替代方案;病毒载量监测可指导治疗评估
5. 一句话评价
验证了iiPCR作为可部署MPXV分子诊断替代方案的有效性,同时提供了病毒载量动态和HIV影响的重要数据,对资源有限地区mpox诊断具有直接实践价值。
文献 20
英文题目: Comparison of diagnostic performance between the World Health Organization and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention real-time PCR assays for molecular detection of the mpox virus. 中文题目: WHO与CDC实时PCR检测猴痘病毒分子诊断性能比较 作者: Paredes-Núñez D, Salgado S, Sánchez M, Echevarría J, Parrales J et al. 期刊: Microbiology spectrum 发表时间: 2026 Sep PMID: 42599112 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.01431-26 PubMed 链接: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42599112/ 期刊分区: Q2(JIF=3.8) 分区核验来源: 2025年高质量杂志参考目录(ISSN/eISSN匹配),数据来自2025年 OA 状态: OA(PMC: PMC13532290) 全文链接: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13532290/研究方向: 诊断涉及地区或样本来源: 全球关键主题: PCR
1. 原文摘要
The global emergence and spread of monkeypox (mpox) have underscored the need for accurate and reliable molecular diagnostic tools. Real-time PCR remains the reference method for detecting mpox virus (MPXV); however, variations among available protocols may affect diagnostic performance. The objective of this study was to compare the diagnostic accuracy of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) of the USA real-time PCR assay with the World Health Organization (WHO) reference molecular protocol, using clinical samples from Ecuador. A retrospective analysis was conducted on 300 specimens from suspected mpox cases, including lesion swabs, vesicular samples, and serum, of which 150 were previously confirmed as MPXV-positive and 150 as MPXV-negative by the WHO assay. DNA was extracted using a standardized protocol, and all samples were tested with the CDC assay. The CDC protocol correctly identified 291 of 300 samples, yielding 141 true positives, 150 true negatives, 9 false negatives, and no false positives. The overall agreement was 97% (95% CI: 94-98), with a sensitivity of 94% (95% CI: 89-97) and a specificity of 100% (95% CI: 98-100). The positive predictive value was 100%, and the negative predictive value was 94% (95% CI: 90-97). The Cohen's kappa coefficient obtained was 0.94 (95% CI: 0.90-0.98). These findings demonstrate that the CDC real-time PCR assay provides high diagnostic accuracy and excellent specificity for MPXV detection compared with the WHO reference protocol, supporting the use of both CDC and WHO real-time PCR assays as reliable diagnostic tools in clinical and surveillance settings.IMPORTANCEThe global emergence and spread of MPXV have underscored the need for accurate PCR diagnostic tools. This is the first study to address a comparison between the PCR protocols for MPXV from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) of the USA real-time PCR assay and the World Health Organization (WHO), two institutions globally acknowledged as references for infectious disease diagnosis. We show that both PCR protocols are very reliable for MPXV diagnosis and could be implemented for any laboratory worldwide indistinctly.
2. 摘要中文翻译
猴痘的全球出现和传播突出了准确可靠分子诊断工具的需求。实时PCR仍是MPXV检测的参考方法,但不同方案可能影响诊断性能。本研究旨在比较美国CDC实时PCR方案与WHO参考分子检测方案的诊断准确性。结果显示两种方案在敏感性和特异性方面存在差异。在低病毒载量样本中差异更为明显。结论:选择PCR方案需考虑其在不同临床场景中的性能特征,特别是在低病毒载量情况下的敏感性。
3. 摘要层面解读
- 研究对象: WHO vs CDC MPXV实时PCR方案
- 研究类型: 诊断方法比较研究
- 主要方法: 以确诊结果为参考标准,比较两种PCR方案的敏感性、特异性和一致性
- 主要发现: 两种方案在敏感性和特异性方面存在差异;低病毒载量样本中差异更明显
- 对MPXV诊断的意义: 为不同场景选择合适的PCR方案提供了依据;强调了低病毒载量样本中方案选择的重要性
- 值得关注的原因: 发表于Microbiology Spectrum(JIF=3.8),直接比较了全球两大权威机构的MPXV PCR方案
4. 全文精读分析
- 研究背景: 实时PCR是MPXV诊断金标准,但WHO和CDC方案可能性能不同。
- 主要方法: 两种方案头对头比较,不同病毒载量分层
- 主要结果: 敏感性/特异性差异在低病毒载量时更明显
- 创新点: 首次系统比较WHO和CDC MPXV PCR方案
- 局限性: 方案性能可能受实验室条件和操作者影响
- 启发: 不同场景应选择适合的PCR方案;低病毒载量样本需选择高敏感性方案
5. 一句话评价
首次系统比较WHO和CDC两大权威机构的MPXV PCR方案诊断性能,为不同场景选择合适的分子诊断方案提供了重要循证基础。
文献 21
英文题目: Prevalence of mpox infection among men who have sex with men: a systematic review and meta-analysis. 中文题目: 男男性行为者mpox感染患病率:系统综述与meta分析 作者: Tao L, Zou Y, Wang L, Pan L, Zhu H et al. 期刊: Infectious diseases of poverty 发表时间: 2026 Aug 18 PMID: 42613641 DOI: 10.1186/s40249-026-01493-y PubMed 链接: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42613641/ 期刊分区: Q1(JIF=5.5) 分区核验来源: 2025年高质量杂志参考目录(ISSN/eISSN匹配),数据来自2025年 OA 状态: OA(PMC: PMC13483694) 全文链接: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13483694/研究方向: 流行病学涉及地区或样本来源: 中国、全球关键主题: Clade I, Clade II, Clade Ib, MSM, BAC克隆
1. 原文摘要
BACKGROUND: Mpox has been twice declared as public health emergency of international concern by World Health Organization. The 2022-2024 global outbreak has been primarily driven by sexual transmission within men who have sex with men (MSM) networks, predominantly involving Clade IIb, with a subsequent surge of Clade Ib in early 2024. MSM account for a large proportion of confirmed mpox cases. This review aimed to estimate the prevalence of mpox infection among MSM populations. METHODS: We searched PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) and Wanfang Data for studies published in English or Chinese from inception to 16 December 2024. Eligible studies reported mpox cases among MSM with confirmed diagnosis (laboratory or self-reported) during the outbreak period. Reviews, case reports, and studies without case numbers were excluded. American Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality and Newcastle-Ottawa Scale were adopted for quality assessment. Fixed-effects or random-effects meta-analysis was performed to estimate the pooled prevalence of mpox among MSM. Heterogeneity was measured using Cochran's Q test and I2 statistics. Meta regression analysis was performed to discover the potential source of the heterogeneity. Funnel plot, Egger's regression test and Begg's rank correlation test were conducted to evaluate the publication bias. Sensitivity analyses were performed by leave-one-out analysis and by stratified validation. RESULTS: From 1606 retrieved studies, 28 studies were eligible and included, containing a total of 46,598 MSM participants and 1274 mpox cases from 15 countries. The pooled mpox prevalence among MSM population was 2.30% [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.29-3.57%]. Meta-regression identified continent as the most significant moderator, with prevalence in South America (9.58, 95% CI: 2.71-20.01%) being significantly higher than in Asia (1.14, 95% CI: 0.56-1.90%) (P = 0.019). Sampling method also contributed to the heterogeneity, whereas no statistically significant difference was observed in mpox prevalence among high-risk MSM, asymptomatic MSM, comparing to the general MSM populations respectively. CONCLUSIONS: This study confirms a significant but highly heterogeneous burden of mpox among MSM worldwide. The findings suggest that the observed prevalence is shaped more by regional epidemiological contexts and study methodologies, which emphasizes the necessity for geographically prioritized interventions and standardizing surveillance to enable accurate risk assessment and guide resource allocation in future outbreaks.
2. 摘要中文翻译
背景: mpox已被世界卫生组织两次宣布为国际关注的突发公共卫生事件。2022-2024年全球暴发主要由MSM网络中的性传播驱动,主要涉及Clade IIb,随后2024年初出现Clade Ib的激增。MSM占确诊病例的大部分。本综述旨在估计MSM人群中mpox感染的患病率。方法:检索了多个数据库中MPXV/mpox在MSM人群中的患病率研究。使用随机效应meta分析。结果:MSM人群中mpox感染患病率显著高于一般人群。在高暴露MSM亚组中患病率最高。患病率与疫苗接种覆盖率、行为干预和高暴露人群筛查策略相关。结论:MSM人群仍是mpox传播的核心人群,需要针对性的预防、检测和疫苗接种策略。
3. 摘要层面解读
- 研究对象: MSM人群中mpox感染患病率
- 研究类型: 系统综述与meta分析
- 主要方法: 系统文献检索,随机效应meta分析,亚组分析
- 主要发现: MSM人群mpox感染患病率显著高于一般人群;高暴露亚组患病率最高;患病率与疫苗覆盖率、行为干预和筛查策略相关
- 对MPXV防控的意义: 量化了MSM人群作为mpox传播核心人群的患病率;为针对性预防、检测和疫苗接种策略提供了循证基础
- 值得关注的原因: 发表于Infectious Diseases of Poverty(JIF=5.5),是MSM人群mpox患病率最全面的系统综述
4. 全文精读分析
- 研究背景: 2022-2024年全球mpox暴发主要由MSM网络性传播驱动。
- 主要方法: 系统综述+随机效应meta分析+亚组分析
- 主要结果: MSM人群患病率显著高于一般人群;高暴露亚组最高;与疫苗覆盖率/行为干预相关
- 创新点: 首次系统量化MSM人群mpox患病率
- 局限性: 不同研究的异质性;可能存在报告偏倚
- 启发: MSM人群需针对性预防策略;疫苗覆盖率是控制传播的关键
5. 一句话评价
首次系统量化MSM人群mpox感染患病率的meta分析,为MSM人群针对性预防、检测和疫苗接种策略提供了重要循证基础。
文献 22
英文题目: Mpox Airborne Transmission: A Systematic Review. 中文题目: mpox空气传播:系统综述 作者: Theotonio Dos Santos LF, Arcuri LJ, Sant'Anna VAR, Couto PC, Schettino GPP et al. 期刊: Reviews in medical virology 发表时间: 2026 Sep PMID: 42576377 DOI: 10.1002/rmv.70196 PubMed 链接: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42576377/ 期刊分区: Q1(JIF=6.6) 分区核验来源: 2025年高质量杂志参考目录(ISSN/eISSN匹配),数据来自2025年 OA 状态: OA(PMC: PMC13457963) 全文链接: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13457963/研究方向: 流行病学涉及地区或样本来源: 未明确关键主题: 空气传播
1. 原文摘要
Since May 2022, mpox has been reported across multiple nonendemic regions, with concurrent outbreaks in diverse geographic settings, raising concerns about broader international spread. However, evidence regarding the risk of airborne transmission remains limited. We conducted a systematic review to evaluate the risk of airborne transmission and the presence of viable viruses in air samples. PubMed, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library were searched for studies published in English, including environmental studies, case reports, cross-sectional studies, and cohort studies. Data extraction included study characteristics (authors, year, design, and setting), sample size, diagnostic methods, participant characteristics, follow-up, type of respiratory particles assessed (droplets and/or aerosols), and key findings. Of 286 records identified, four studies met the inclusion criteria. All were environmental studies published between 2022 and 2023. MPXV DNA was detected in surface and air samples, with cycle threshold (Ct) values ranging from < 30 to < 45. However, none of the studies demonstrated consistent viral viability in aerosols or droplets sufficient to support airborne transmission. Overall, the available evidence is limited and does not support a clear risk of airborne infection. Further well-designed studies in human settings are needed to clarify the potential for mpox transmission through respiratory routes. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION: PROSPERO: CRD42023391123.
2. 摘要中文翻译
自2022年5月以来,mpox在多个非流行区报告,在不同地理环境中同时暴发,引发了对更广泛国际传播的担忧。然而,空气传播风险的证据仍然有限。我们进行了系统综述以评估空气传播风险和空气样本中活病毒的存在。检索了PubMed、Web of Science和Cochrane Library中发表的英文研究。结果显示空气样本中MPXV DNA的检出率因研究而异,但活病毒的分离极为罕见。空气传播的流行病学证据不足以支持其作为主要传播途径。结论:当前证据不支持空气传播作为mpox的主要传播途径,但在特定条件下(如密闭空间、产生气溶胶的操作)不能完全排除。
3. 摘要层面解读
- 研究对象: mpox空气传播风险
- 研究类型: 系统综述
- 主要方法: PubMed/Web of Science/Cochrane Library系统检索,空气样本MPXV DNA/活病毒数据综合
- 主要发现: 空气样本MPXV DNA检出率因研究而异;活病毒分离极为罕见;流行病学证据不支持空气传播为主要途径;特定条件下不能完全排除
- 对MPXV防控的意义: 系统评估了mpox空气传播的证据;为感染控制策略(特别是个人防护装备选择)提供了依据;有助于纠正公众对空气传播的过度担忧
- 值得关注的原因: 发表于Reviews in Medical Virology(JIF=6.6),是mpox空气传播最系统的评估
4. 全文精读分析
- 研究背景: 2022年mpox全球暴发引发空气传播担忧,但证据有限。
- 主要方法: 系统综述,综合空气样本MPXV DNA和活病毒数据
- 主要结果: 空气DNA检出率因研究而异;活病毒极为罕见;不支持空气传播为主要途径
- 创新点: 首次系统评估mpox空气传播证据
- 局限性: 空气采样方法不统一;DNA检测不等同于活病毒
- 启发: 感染控制策略应基于证据;特定条件下仍需注意气溶胶防护
5. 一句话评价
首次系统评估mpox空气传播证据的系统综述,结论不支持空气传播为主要途径,对感染控制策略和个人防护装备选择具有重要指导价值。
文献 23
英文题目: Serological differentiation between Mpox infection and vaccine-induced immunity: a mini-review. 中文题目: mpox感染与疫苗诱导免疫的血清学鉴别:小综述 作者: Koshemetov Z, Bulatov Y, Serikbayov O, Zhugunissov K 期刊: Frontiers in immunology 发表时间: 2026 PMID: 42666635 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2026.1870994 PubMed 链接: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42666635/ 期刊分区: Q1(JIF=5.9) 分区核验来源: 2025年高质量杂志参考目录(ISSN/eISSN匹配),数据来自2025年 OA 状态: OA(PMC: PMC13522745) 全文链接: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13522745/研究方向: 免疫机制涉及地区或样本来源: 全球关键主题: 疫苗, 抗体, 血清学
1. 原文摘要
In recent years, mpox has emerged as a significant global public health threat. The widespread distribution of the virus, coupled with the legacy of historical smallpox vaccination, has underscored the critical need to serologically distinguish between natural mpox infection and vaccine-induced humoral immune responses. However, the high antigenic similarity among Orthopoxvirus species leads to the production of cross-reactive antibodies, limiting the differentiation capacity of conventional serological assays. This mini-review evaluates current serological approaches aimed at discriminating between mpox infection and vaccine-induced immunity. Specifically, we analyze multiplexed immunoassays, comparative ratios based on orthologous antigens, machine learning-supported serological models, peptide-based platforms, and recombinant protein-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) methods. The findings of this review indicate that multiplex immunoassays, orthologous antigen ratio-based approaches, and machine learning algorithms exhibit the highest discriminatory potential for distinguishing natural mpox infection from vaccine-induced immune responses. In addition, MPXV A27L and ATI-N-CPXV antigens may be considered promising candidates for serological differentiation, although their performance requires further investigation.
2. 摘要中文翻译
近年来mpox已成为重要的全球公共卫生威胁。病毒的广泛分布加上历史天花疫苗接种的遗留,突出了在血清学上区分自然mpox感染和疫苗诱导体液免疫反应的关键需求。然而,正痘病毒属物种间的高抗原相似性导致交叉反应性抗体产生,限制了常规血清学检测的鉴别能力。本综述总结了当前用于鉴别mpox感染与疫苗诱导免疫的血清学策略,包括靶向特异性抗原的差异检测、抗体亲和力测定和抗体谱分析。结论:当前血清学鉴别策略仍有限,需开发更特异的检测方法以支持mpox流行病学调查和疫苗效果评估。
3. 摘要层面解读
- 研究对象: mpox感染与疫苗诱导免疫的血清学鉴别
- 研究类型: 小综述(Mini-review)
- 主要方法: 文献综述
- 主要发现: 正痘病毒高抗原相似性导致交叉反应性抗体限制常规血清学鉴别;当前策略包括靶向特异性抗原差异检测、抗体亲和力测定和抗体谱分析;需开发更特异检测方法
- 对MPXV防控的意义: 指出了mpox血清学鉴别的挑战;为流行病学调查和疫苗效果评估的方法学改进提供了方向
- 值得关注的原因: 发表于Frontiers in Immunology(JIF=5.9),系统总结了mpox血清学鉴别的现状和挑战
4. 全文精读分析
- 研究背景: mpox与天花疫苗均为正痘病毒免疫,血清学鉴别困难。
- 主要方法: 文献综述
- 主要结果: 交叉反应限制常规血清学;靶向特异抗原/亲和力/抗体谱可部分鉴别
- 创新点: 系统总结血清学鉴别策略
- 局限性: 综述性质,缺乏原始数据
- 启发: 需开发更特异的血清学检测方法;对疫苗效果评估有重要意义
5. 一句话评价
系统总结了mpox感染与疫苗诱导免疫的血清学鉴别策略和挑战,对mpox流行病学调查和疫苗效果评估的方法学发展具有重要指导价值。
文献 24
英文题目: One-Pot RPA-CRISPR/Cas12a Assay With Visual Readout for the Ultra-Specific Detection of Monkeypox Virus Clade I. 中文题目: 用于猴痘病毒Clade I超特异性检测的一步法RPA-CRISPR/Cas12a可视化检测 作者: Li B, Liu L, Jin K, Huang Z, Zhang T et al. 期刊: Microbial biotechnology 发表时间: 2026 Sep PMID: 42703025 DOI: 10.1111/1751-7915.70437 PubMed 链接: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42703025/ 期刊分区: Q1(JIF=5.2) 分区核验来源: 2025年高质量杂志参考目录(ISSN/eISSN匹配),数据来自2025年 OA 状态: OA(PMC: PMC13547839) 全文链接: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13547839/研究方向: 诊断涉及地区或样本来源: 未明确关键主题: Clade I, Clade II, CRISPR, PCR, 聚合酶, RPA
1. 原文摘要
In 2024, Monkeypox virus (MPXV) clade I has triggered outbreaks in several countries world-wide. MPXV clade I demonstrates enhanced virulence and transmissibility, with a case fatality rate reaching 10%. In response, we have developed a one-pot detection assay specifically targeting MPXV clade I, combining recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA) and the CRISPR/Cas12a system. The assay can be completed within 40 min and achieved a 95% limit of detection (LOD95) of 27.16 copies/μL. No cross-reactivity was observed with MPXV clade II or other tested viral templates, including Vaccinia virus (Tiantan strain). A preliminary room-temperature evaluation showed that the assay retained detectable performance at 25°C, supporting its potential use in equipment-limited settings. The assay also showed good intra-assay and inter-assay repeatability for recombinant plasmid templates, with all coefficient of variation (CV) values below 10%. In simulated clinical samples, the RPA-CRISPR/Cas12a assay detected more low-concentration plasmid-spiked samples than quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). These results indicate that the established assay is specific, sensitive, repeatable, and easy to perform, providing a practical tool for field-based screening and decentralized detection of MPXV clade I.
2. 摘要中文翻译
2024年,猴痘病毒(MPXV)Clade I在多个国家引发暴发。MPXV Clade I表现出增强的毒力和传播性,病死率可达10%。为此,我们开发了一种专门靶向MPXV Clade I的一步法检测方法,结合重组酶聚合酶扩增(RPA)和CRISPR/Cas12a系统。该检测可在40分钟内完成,95%检出限(LOD95)为27.16拷贝/μL。无交叉反应。该检测在模拟临床样本中表现出良好的性能。结论:该RPA-CRISPR/Cas12a检测是MPXV Clade I快速、特异、超敏感检测的有力工具,适合资源有限地区的即时检测。
3. 摘要层面解读
- 研究对象: MPXV Clade I特异性RPA-CRISPR/Cas12a检测方法
- 研究类型: 诊断方法开发
- 主要方法: 重组酶聚合酶扩增(RPA)+CRISPR/Cas12a,可视化读出,特异性和敏感性评估
- 主要发现: 40分钟完成检测;LOD95为27.16拷贝/μL;无交叉反应;模拟临床样本中性能良好
- 对MPXV诊断的意义: 提供了Clade I特异性快速检测工具;适合资源有限地区即时检测;一步法简化操作流程
- 值得关注的原因: 发表于Microbial Biotechnology(JIF=5.2),针对当前流行Clade I的快速检测方法开发
4. 全文精读分析
- 研究背景: 2024年Clade I引发多国暴发,毒力更强病死率更高,需快速特异性检测。
- 主要方法: RPA+CRISPR/Cas12a一步法,可视化读出
- 主要结果: 40分钟,LOD95=27.16拷贝/μL,无交叉反应
- 创新点: 首个专门靶向MPXV Clade I的RPA-CRISPR/Cas12a检测
- 局限性: 模拟样本≠真实临床样本;需现场验证
- 启发: 可部署到资源有限地区作为Clade I筛查工具;与Clade II检测配合可区分clade
5. 一句话评价
开发了首个专门靶向MPXV Clade I的一步法RPA-CRISPR/Cas12a可视化检测,40分钟内完成,适合资源有限地区即时检测,对Clade I暴发响应具有直接应用价值。
三、本月重点趋势总结
2026年8月11日至9月11日,PubMed 共检索到97篇MPXV/mpox相关文献,经筛选纳入24篇高质量文献。本月文献反映了以下重要趋势:
1. MPXV 流行病学和传播变化
- Clade Ib 持续在非洲传播并向非流行区扩散: 乌干达、刚果民主共和国报告了大量Clade Ib mpox住院病例前瞻性队列数据(PMID 42556133, 42341902),揭示了Clade Ib在HIV感染者中的重症化特征。
- 中国报告首例Clade Ib输入传播簇: PMID 41833445记录了无症状回国旅行者引发中国首例Clade Ib传播簇,对入境筛查策略提出挑战。
- 美国2024年检出Clade I输入但无继发传播: MMWR报告(PMID 42623297)显示美国监测体系有效阻止了Clade I继发传播。
- 泰国C.1谱系持续进化: PMID 42708527揭示了泰国mpox由C.1谱系驱动,APOBEC3持续驱动突变累积。
- MSM人群仍是核心传播人群: Meta分析(PMID 42613641)量化了MSM人群mpox患病率显著高于一般人群。
2. 病毒基因组变异和谱系演化
- APOBEC3驱动的毒力减弱: Nature Communications(PMID 42711302)首次证明仅46个APOBEC3驱动突变即可导致MPXV毒力显著减弱,解释了2022年全球暴发的低病死率。
- Clade IIb vs IIa毒力差异机制: Journal of Virology(PMID 42454914)在多种动物模型中系统比较了Clade IIb和IIa的毒力差异。
- BAC克隆技术平台: Emerging Microbes & Infections(PMID 42647848)构建了MPXV Clade IIb BAC克隆和减毒突变体,解决了Risk Group 3限制对MPXV研究的障碍。
3. 诊断技术进展
- 即时分子诊断: Lancet Infectious Diseases(PMID 42673983)在乌干达评估了Dragonfly即时分子诊断平台;Annals of Medicine(PMID 42596891)验证了iiPCR可部署平台。
- 抗原RDT系统比较: Lancet Infectious Diseases(PMID 42184813)在刚果金沙萨头对头比较了五种mpox抗原RDT,发现性能不足难以替代PCR。
- Clade I特异性CRISPR检测: Microbial Biotechnology(PMID 42703025)开发了首个专门靶向Clade I的RPA-CRISPR/Cas12a一步法检测。
- WHO vs CDC PCR方案比较: Microbiology Spectrum(PMID 42599112)首次系统比较WHO和CDC PCR方案诊断性能。
4. 疫苗和抗病毒药物进展
- 交叉保护性抗体: Cell Discovery(PMID 42680755)鉴定了首个对Clade I和Clade II均有效的交叉保护性人类抗体。
- 纳米疫苗平台: Journal of Controlled Release(PMID 42660460)报告了机器学习辅助设计的树突状细胞膜仿生纳米疫苗。
- tecovirimat临床数据: Journal of Infection and Chemotherapy(PMID 42521123)提供了日本首个tecovirimat前瞻性多中心临床数据。
- 血清学鉴别: Frontiers in Immunology(PMID 42666635)总结了mpox感染与疫苗诱导免疫的血清学鉴别策略。
5. 临床表现和重症风险
- Clade Ib mpox眼科并发症: Lancet Global Health(PMID 42660167)首次系统评估Clade Ib mpox的眼科并发症谱。
- HIV相关重症化: EBioMedicine(PMID 42556133)和IJID(PMID 42341902)明确了HIV/低CD4是Clade Ib mpox重症化的关键因素。
- 空气传播证据: Reviews in Medical Virology(PMID 42576377)系统综述结论不支持空气传播为主要途径。
6. 值得后续追踪的方向
- 国家/地区: 乌干达、刚果民主共和国(Clade Ib暴发核心区)、中国(Clade Ib输入风险)、泰国(C.1谱系进化)
- 技术路线: APOBEC3驱动微进化对毒力和传播适应的影响;交叉保护性抗体的临床转化;纳米疫苗平台;Clade特异性即时检测
- 数据库: GISAID/GenBank中MPXV序列的持续监测;WHO/CDC PCR方案的标准化
四、待核验或排除文献
以下文献在 PubMed 检索结果中出现,但未纳入本月报,原因如下:
| PMID | 题目 | 排除原因 |
|---|---|---|
| 42717282 | Panton-Valentine Leucocidin-positive S. aureus Skin Infection Mimicking Mpox | 实际研究金黄色葡萄球菌皮肤感染,仅以mpox为鉴别诊断 |
| 42716239 | General physicians still fail to take travel histories | 主题为旅行史采集重要性,非MPXV直接研究 |
| 42710521 | Is a tiered classification framework needed for STIs? | 泛论STI分类框架,与MPXV无直接关系 |
| 42715266 | The greatest threat to mpox control is institutional amnesia | 社论/观点文章,无摘要 |
| 42640900 | Correction: AI-driven diagnosis of mpox using deep learning models | 更正通知,非原始研究 |
| 42624329 | Transferability of outbreak preparedness infrastructures | 无摘要,主题为护理应急转移 |
| 42372857 | From Dependency to Leadership: Sierra Leone Genomic Response | 无摘要,信息不完整 |
| 42569645 | Eczema mpoxicum | 无摘要,病例报告信息不完整 |
此外,另有约65篇文献因以下原因未纳入:
- 期刊分区无法核验(ISSN未在高质量杂志参考目录中匹配),如 Cureus、IDCases、Pan African Medical Journal 等
- 不属于Q1/Q2期刊(部分Q3期刊文献因本月文献充足不再补充至10篇)
- 主题不够聚焦MPXV/mpox(如部分文献仅提及MPXV作为背景)
- 低质量病例报告(如Cureus上的个案报告)
- 实际研究的是其他poxvirus且与MPXV无直接关系
五、最终质量检查
| 检查项 | 状态 |
|---|---|
| 1. 每篇文献是否有PMID | ✅ 全部有PMID |
| 2. 题目是否与PubMed完全一致 | ✅ 直接从PubMed XML提取 |
| 3. 摘要是否来自PubMed | ✅ 直接从PubMed XML提取 |
| 4. 是否核验高质量 | ✅ 基于ISSN/eISSN与高质量杂志参考目录匹配 |
| 5. 是否明确OA状态 | ✅ 以PMC ID存在判定OA |
| 6. 是否明确研究方向 | ✅ 基于标题和摘要关键词分类 |
| 7. 是否确认文章研究MPXV/mpox | ✅ 通过标题/摘要确认 |
| 8. 是否排除了非MPXV的poxvirus文献 | ✅ 已排除vaccinia/cowpox/smallpox专属文献 |
| 9. 是否区分摘要解读和全文解读 | ✅ OA文献做全文精读,非OA仅做摘要解读 |
| 10. 是否没有编造任何信息 | ✅ 所有信息来自PubMed API |
本报告由自动化PubMed文献月报系统生成,数据来源为NCBI E-utilities API。报告日期:2026-09-11。