Nature、Science、Cell 生物医学与 AI 文献月报

统计月份： 2026-08检索日期： 2026-09-06 覆盖时间： 2026/08/01 至 2026/08/31检索期刊： Nature、Science、Cell（仅限主刊）检索来源： PubMed E-utilities（ESearch + EFetch）、期刊官方 DOI 页面、PubMed Central 纳入标准： Nature/Science/Cell 主刊发表的研究论文；主题涉及生物学、医学、生命科学、生物技术、神经科学、免疫学、肿瘤学、发育生物学、细胞生物学、遗传学与基因组学、蛋白质科学/结构生物学、微生物/病毒/感染、药物研发/诊断/治疗，或人工智能与生命科学/医学/药物研发的交叉研究；排除新闻、社论、评论、勘误等非研究性文章。 排除标准： 非主刊（子刊）文章；与生物医学/AI 无关的文章；新闻、社论、评论、书评、人物访谈、政策评论；信息无法核验的文章；DOI/摘要/官方链接缺失的文章。

本月结果概览

PubMed 检索命中 PMIDs：279 条
成功获取元数据：279 篇
研究性文章：196 篇
Nature/Science/Cell 主刊研究性文章：165 篇
排除非研究性文章：83 篇
排除非主刊文章：31 篇
本报告详细解读精选文献：20 篇
注：因 PubMed 近期文章元数据限制，部分文献的具体发表月/日未提供；实际发表时间均在 2026-08 检索窗口内，具体以 DOI 和期刊官方页面为准。

一、本月高价值文献总表

序号	题目	期刊	发表日期	研究领域	文章类型	PMID	DOI	OA 状态	推荐等级
1	Systems vaccinology and the architecture of human immunity.	Nature	未提供	免疫学、发育生物学、遗传学与基因组学	Review	42649394	10.1038/s41586-026-10753-8	非 OA / 需订阅访问	A
2	A binding-to-release strategy for targeted anticancer drug delivery.	Nature	未提供	免疫学、肿瘤学、细胞生物学	Research Article	42649302	10.1038/s41586-026-10971-0	非 OA / 需订阅访问	A
3	Endocannabinoids facilitate reward engagement through retrograde gain control.	Nature	未提供	神经科学、遗传学与基因组学、药物研发	Research Article	42649292	10.1038/s41586-026-10967-w	非 OA / 需订阅访问	A
4	Aberrant excitatory neuronal ERBB4 promotes Alzheimer's disease pathology.	Nature	未提供	神经科学、免疫学、遗传学与基因组学	Research Article	42649291	10.1038/s41586-026-10964-z	非 OA / 需订阅访问	A
5	Ultrafast and reference-free sequence discovery in single-cell data.	Nature	未提供	神经科学、免疫学、细胞生物学	Research Article	42649290	10.1038/s41586-026-10975-w	非 OA / 需订阅访问	A
6	Human brain organoids record the passage of time over multiple years.	Nature	未提供	神经科学、发育生物学、遗传学与基因组学	Research Article	42618795	10.1038/s41586-026-10877-x	非 OA / 需订阅访问	A
7	Psychedelics align brain activity with context.	Nature	未提供	神经科学、遗传学与基因组学、人工智能	Research Article	42618786	10.1038/s41586-026-10910-z	可能开放获取（PMC ID: PMC13518247）	A
8	A biased allosteric modulator is a molecular glue for β 2 AR dimerization.	Nature	未提供	细胞生物学、结构生物学、药物研发	Research Article	42618785	10.1038/s41586-026-10892-y	非 OA / 需订阅访问	A
9	The HydroGym reinforcement learning platform for fluid dynamics.	Nature	未提供	遗传学与基因组学、结构生物学、人工智能	Research Article	42618782	10.1038/s41586-026-10917-6	非 OA / 需订阅访问	A
10	Safety and security of large language models in healthcare.	Nature	未提供	发育生物学、遗传学与基因组学、人工智能	Review	42618758	10.1038/s41586-026-10687-1	非 OA / 需订阅访问	A
11	In vivo genome-wide CRISPR screens of human T cells in solid tumours.	Nature	未提供	免疫学、肿瘤学、细胞生物学	Research Article	42587162	10.1038/s41586-026-10906-9	非 OA / 需订阅访问	A
12	Neural basis of compositional control.	Nature	未提供	神经科学、人工智能	Research Article	42587159	10.1038/s41586-026-10896-8	非 OA / 需订阅访问	A
13	Procognitive restoration of PV neuron plasticity in neurodevelopmental disorders.	Nature	未提供	神经科学、发育生物学、遗传学与基因组学	Research Article	42587157	10.1038/s41586-026-10907-8	可能开放获取（PMC ID: PMC13531005）	A
14	Luminescent-reaction-enabled super-resolution imaging.	Nature	未提供	细胞生物学、遗传学与基因组学、药物研发	Research Article	42587155	10.1038/s41586-026-10889-7	可能开放获取（PMC ID: PMC13538040）	A
15	Rb-driven transcription limits its tumour-suppressive effects in breast cancer.	Nature	未提供	肿瘤学、细胞生物学、遗传学与基因组学	Research Article	42587147	10.1038/s41586-026-10886-w	非 OA / 需订阅访问	A
16	Agentic profiles for effective AI governance.	Nature	未提供	遗传学与基因组学、人工智能	Review	42587118	10.1038/s41586-026-10805-z	非 OA / 需订阅访问	A
17	Shared principles of human and bacterial antiviral immunity.	Nature	未提供	神经科学、免疫学、细胞生物学	Review	42587116	10.1038/s41586-026-10756-5	非 OA / 需订阅访问	A
18	An expanded codebook of human transcription factor DNA-binding specificity.	Nature	未提供	神经科学、细胞生物学、遗传学与基因组学	Research Article	42557334	10.1038/s41586-026-10798-9	可能开放获取（PMC ID: PMC13538051）	A
19	An ancient mitochondrial program tunes translation to haem availability.	Nature	未提供	发育生物学、细胞生物学、药物研发	Research Article	42557333	10.1038/s41586-026-10885-x	非 OA / 需订阅访问	A
20	The Virtual Tissues foundation model resolves spatial proteomics across scales.	Nature	未提供	肿瘤学、遗传学与基因组学、药物研发	Research Article	42557331	10.1038/s41586-026-10884-y	非 OA / 需订阅访问	A
21	ZFP36L2 orchestrates stress-adaptive plasticity in regeneration and cancer.	Nature	未提供	肿瘤学、发育生物学、细胞生物学	Research Article	42557330	10.1038/s41586-026-10890-0	非 OA / 需订阅访问	A
22	DCAF11-dependent molecular glue degrader activated by glutathionylation.	Nature	未提供	药物研发、蛋白质科学	Research Article	42557329	10.1038/s41586-026-10873-1	非 OA / 需订阅访问	A
23	Antigen presentation by CD40 + MHC-II + astrocytes promotes CNS autoimmunity.	Nature	未提供	免疫学、细胞生物学、遗传学与基因组学	Research Article	42557325	10.1038/s41586-026-10860-6	非 OA / 需订阅访问	A
24	Uncovering the mechanism of female restitution in sugarcane hybrids.	Nature	未提供	遗传学与基因组学、药物研发、人工智能	Research Article	42557324	10.1038/s41586-026-10863-3	非 OA / 需订阅访问	A
25	Mitochondrial metabolism and epigenetic crosstalk drive SASP.	Nature	未提供	免疫学、细胞生物学、遗传学与基因组学	Research Article	42527602	10.1038/s41586-026-10791-2	可能开放获取（PMC ID: PMC13518223）	A
26	Precise DNA base editing using AlphaFold3-based contact modelling.	Nature	未提供	遗传学与基因组学、药物研发、蛋白质科学	Research Article	42486984	10.1038/s41586-026-10794-z	非 OA / 需订阅访问	A
27	A Bayesian framework for longitudinal EHR and genetic discovery.	Nature	未提供	免疫学、遗传学与基因组学、药物研发	Research Article	42457967	10.1038/s41586-026-10780-5	可能开放获取（PMC ID: PMC13518248）	A
28	Ketogenic diet mediates intestinal tumorigenesis through lipids not ketones.	Nature	未提供	肿瘤学、发育生物学、细胞生物学	Research Article	42457955	10.1038/s41586-026-10779-y	非 OA / 需订阅访问	A
29	Universal cell embedding provides a foundation model for cell biology.	Nature	未提供	免疫学、发育生物学、细胞生物学	Research Article	42420460	10.1038/s41586-026-10689-z	可能开放获取（PMC ID: PMC13441871）	A
30	Ancient feeding-related neuropeptides regulate alloparenting in ants.	Nature	未提供	神经科学、人工智能	Research Article	42420453	10.1038/s41586-026-10747-6	可能开放获取（PMC ID: PMC13518240）	A
31	Chromatin landscape and epigenetic heterogeneity of acute myeloid leukaemia.	Nature	未提供	肿瘤学、发育生物学、遗传学与基因组学	Research Article	42420449	10.1038/s41586-026-10703-4	可能开放获取（PMC ID: PMC13489951）	A
32	TROP2 targeting reveals therapy-driven cell state dynamics in colorectal cancer.	Nature	未提供	免疫学、肿瘤学、发育生物学	Research Article	42386981	10.1038/s41586-026-10705-2	可能开放获取（PMC ID: PMC13518220）	A
33	Steatosis shapes prognosis-defining liver metastasis heterogeneity in CRC.	Nature	未提供	肿瘤学、遗传学与基因组学、药物研发	Research Article	42386979	10.1038/s41586-026-10686-2	非 OA / 需订阅访问	A
34	Replication-stress-induced chromatin loops protect fork stability.	Nature	未提供	免疫学、遗传学与基因组学、蛋白质科学	Research Article	42386978	10.1038/s41586-026-10695-1	可能开放获取（PMC ID: PMC13468131）	A
35	Casdatifan shows durable response linked to HIF-2α biology in kidney cancer.	Nature	未提供	肿瘤学、遗传学与基因组学、药物研发	Research Article	42386974	10.1038/s41586-026-10718-x	可能开放获取（PMC ID: PMC13489952）	A
36	Targeted enzyme discovery using metal-coordination mining.	Nature	未提供	遗传学与基因组学、结构生物学、药物研发	Research Article	42386972	10.1038/s41586-026-10716-z	可能开放获取（PMC ID: PMC13489965）	A
37	N 4 -Acetylcytidine enhances synthetic mRNA translation yield and fidelity.	Nature	未提供	神经科学、免疫学、肿瘤学	Research Article	42386968	10.1038/s41586-026-10729-8	可能开放获取（PMC ID: PMC13518219）	A
38	Dual tumour-myeloid targeting of glioblastoma with GPNMB CAR-T cells.	Nature	未提供	神经科学、免疫学、肿瘤学	Research Article	42386964	10.1038/s41586-026-10641-1	可能开放获取（PMC ID: PMC13518245）	A
39	A secreted endosymbiont protein essential for colonizing host cells.	Nature	未提供	免疫学、发育生物学、细胞生物学	Research Article	42386962	10.1038/s41586-026-10711-4	可能开放获取（PMC ID: PMC13468123）	A
40	Enhanced B cell priming induces broadly neutralizing HIV-1 apex antibodies.	Nature	未提供	免疫学、遗传学与基因组学、结构生物学	Research Article	42380659	10.1038/s41586-026-10838-4	可能开放获取（PMC ID: PMC13470824）	A
41	Vaccination elicits HIV broadly neutralizing antibodies in primates.	Nature	未提供	免疫学、发育生物学、遗传学与基因组学	Research Article	42380658	10.1038/s41586-026-10837-5	可能开放获取（PMC ID: PMC13489963）	A
42	Ligand-enabled distal desaturative lactonization of aliphatic acids.	Nature	未提供	肿瘤学、结构生物学、药物研发	Research Article	42350793	10.1038/s41586-026-10826-8	可能开放获取（PMC ID: PMC13441989）	A
43	Zero-shot design of drug-binding proteins via neural iterative selection-expansion.	Nature	未提供	神经科学、遗传学与基因组学、结构生物学	Research Article	42343133	10.1038/s41586-026-10670-w	可能开放获取（PMC ID: PMC13441969）	A
44	Alternate RNA decoding results in stable and abundant proteins in mammals.	Nature	未提供	肿瘤学、遗传学与基因组学、蛋白质科学	Research Article	42343131	10.1038/s41586-026-10678-2	可能开放获取（PMC ID: PMC13384240）	A
45	Disparate privacy risks from medical AI.	Nature	未提供	发育生物学、药物研发、人工智能	Research Article	42343130	10.1038/s41586-026-10688-0	可能开放获取（PMC ID: PMC13442007）	A
46	Small-molecule modulation of β-arrestins.	Nature	未提供	遗传学与基因组学、结构生物学、药物研发	Research Article	42343124	10.1038/s41586-026-10683-5	可能开放获取（PMC ID: PMC13489962）	A
47	Analysis of 173,303 exomes and genomes in the Pakistan Genome Resource.	Nature	未提供	遗传学与基因组学、药物研发、蛋白质科学	Research Article	42310464	10.1038/s41586-026-10667-5	可能开放获取（PMC ID: PMC13489957）	A
48	Spatial distribution of the proteome in the human body and in cancers.	Nature	未提供	肿瘤学、发育生物学、遗传学与基因组学	Research Article	42310461	10.1038/s41586-026-10660-y	可能开放获取（PMC ID: PMC13442039）	A
49	A thalamus-brainstem attractor network drives history-biased decisions.	Nature	未提供	神经科学、细胞生物学、遗传学与基因组学	Research Article	42271064	10.1038/s41586-026-10623-3	非 OA / 需订阅访问	A
50	Diverse binding poses of agonistic neurotoxins on human Na v 1.6.	Nature	未提供	发育生物学、细胞生物学、结构生物学	Research Article	42271061	10.1038/s41586-026-10661-x	非 OA / 需订阅访问	A
51	Gene ancestries reveal diverse microbial associations during eukaryogenesis.	Nature	未提供	细胞生物学、遗传学与基因组学、微生物/病毒	Research Article	42271057	10.1038/s41586-026-10639-9	可能开放获取（PMC ID: PMC13468126）	A
52	Targeting cancer-specific mutations with RNA-triggered chromatin shredding.	Nature	未提供	肿瘤学、细胞生物学、遗传学与基因组学	Research Article	42259916	10.1038/s41586-026-10738-7	可能开放获取（PMC ID: PMC13533554）	A
53	GPR15-guided CD8 + T regulatory cells control intestinal inflammation.	Nature	未提供	免疫学、肿瘤学、细胞生物学	Research Article	42259915	10.1038/s41586-026-10749-4	可能开放获取（PMC ID: PMC13518229）	A
54	Centromeric footprints preserve telomere integrity in ALT cancers.	Nature	未提供	肿瘤学、遗传学与基因组学、蛋白质科学	Research Article	42236945	10.1038/s41586-026-10598-1	可能开放获取（PMC ID: PMC13468120）	A
55	LASER couples damage sensing to ESCRT assembly for lysosome repair.	Nature	未提供	神经科学、细胞生物学、遗传学与基因组学	Research Article	42236937	10.1038/s41586-026-10604-6	可能开放获取（PMC ID: PMC13442042）	A
56	De novo design of miniproteins targeting GPCRs.	Nature	未提供	神经科学、肿瘤学、发育生物学	Research Article	42168559	10.1038/s41586-026-10656-8	非 OA / 需订阅访问	A
57	Feature-specific threat coding in lateral septum guides defensive action.	Nature	未提供	神经科学、细胞生物学、遗传学与基因组学	Research Article	42162422	10.1038/s41586-026-10520-9	非 OA / 需订阅访问	A
58	Predicting cellular responses to perturbation across diverse contexts with State.	Cell	未提供	发育生物学、细胞生物学、遗传学与基因组学	Research Article	42673963	10.1016/j.cell.2026.07.052	非 OA / 需订阅访问	A
59	Multimodal evidence for bone lymphatics in skeletal health and repair.	Cell	未提供	肿瘤学、发育生物学、遗传学与基因组学	Research Article	42624078	10.1016/j.cell.2026.06.026	可能开放获取（PMC ID: PMC13502997）	A
60	Lymphatic vessels invade bone in disease but are absent in health and regeneration.	Cell	未提供	肿瘤学、发育生物学、遗传学与基因组学	Research Article	42624077	10.1016/j.cell.2026.05.039	非 OA / 需订阅访问	A
61	Convergent evolution of metabolic regulation governs redox adaptation in Toxoplasma.	Cell	未提供	免疫学、细胞生物学、遗传学与基因组学	Research Article	42580337	10.1016/j.cell.2026.07.029	可能开放获取（PMC ID: PMC13531851）	A
62	The structural basis for LRRK2's activation and autoinhibition.	Cell	未提供	神经科学、细胞生物学、遗传学与基因组学	Research Article	42575089	10.1016/j.cell.2026.07.027	非 OA / 需订阅访问	A
63	Metabolic atlas of early human cortex reveals glycolytic remodeling and pentose phosphate pathway control of cell fate transitions.	Cell	未提供	神经科学、发育生物学、遗传学与基因组学	Research Article	42551423	10.1016/j.cell.2026.07.023	可能开放获取（PMC ID: PMC13537306）	A
64	The complete genome of a songbird.	Cell	未提供	神经科学、遗传学与基因组学、蛋白质科学	Research Article	42561917	10.1016/j.cell.2026.07.018	非 OA / 需订阅访问	A
65	A complete diploid human genome benchmark for personalized genomics.	Cell	未提供	遗传学与基因组学、蛋白质科学	Research Article	42561913	10.1016/j.cell.2026.06.016	可能开放获取（PMC ID: PMC13456413）	A
66	Why studying females reveals more about aging: The reproductive resilience hypothesis for the evolution of sex-specific aging.	Cell	未提供	遗传学与基因组学、药物研发、人工智能	Review	42561912	10.1016/j.cell.2026.07.013	非 OA / 需订阅访问	A
67	Ultrarapid deep 3D histology enables intraoperative mapping of glioma infiltration.	Cell	未提供	神经科学、肿瘤学、发育生物学	Research Article	42546689	10.1016/j.cell.2026.07.026	非 OA / 需订阅访问	A
68	Coordinated RNA- and protein-templated synthesis of double-stranded DNA by a dual reverse transcriptase immune system.	Cell	未提供	免疫学、遗传学与基因组学、微生物/病毒	Research Article	42520802	10.1016/j.cell.2026.07.012	可能开放获取（PMC ID: PMC13419432）	A
69	UniPert-G2CP bridges genetic and chemical screens from molecular representation to phenotype modeling.	Cell	未提供	细胞生物学、遗传学与基因组学、药物研发	Research Article	42497867	10.1016/j.cell.2026.06.005	非 OA / 需订阅访问	A
70	Expanding the scope of protein language modeling to protein-protein interactions with MSA Pairformer.	Cell	未提供	遗传学与基因组学、药物研发、人工智能	Research Article	42480528	10.1016/j.cell.2026.06.029	非 OA / 需订阅访问	A
71	Viral protease-initiated lytic cell death as a universal antiviral mRNA therapy.	Cell	未提供	免疫学、遗传学与基因组学、微生物/病毒	Research Article	42476130	10.1016/j.cell.2026.06.031	非 OA / 需订阅访问	A
72	A viral ORFeome library for systems-level genetic dissection of host-pathogen interactions.	Cell	未提供	免疫学、细胞生物学、遗传学与基因组学	Research Article	42392077	10.1016/j.cell.2026.05.024	可能开放获取（PMC ID: PMC13429030）	A
73	Systematic discovery of pathogen effector functions across human pathogens and pathways.	Cell	未提供	免疫学、细胞生物学、遗传学与基因组学	Research Article	42379168	10.1016/j.cell.2026.06.017	可能开放获取（PMC ID: PMC13378530）	A
74	Multiscale integration of tissue and chromatin context converts cell heterogeneity into stable intestinal patterning.	Cell	未提供	发育生物学、细胞生物学、遗传学与基因组学	Research Article	42379166	10.1016/j.cell.2026.06.009	可能开放获取（PMC ID: PMC13502998）	A
75	Cuproptosis-immunity crosstalk informs strategy to overcome immunotherapy resistance.	Cell	未提供	免疫学、肿瘤学、细胞生物学	Research Article	42330950	10.1016/j.cell.2026.05.036	非 OA / 需订阅访问	A
76	Nuclear proteome reveals microtubule-associated protein regulating fate and disease.	Cell	未提供	神经科学、发育生物学、细胞生物学	Research Article	42276043	10.1016/j.cell.2026.05.019	非 OA / 需订阅访问	A
77	Prion-based protein self-assembly tunes mutagenesis to enable rapid adaptation.	Cell	未提供	遗传学与基因组学、微生物/病毒、药物研发	Research Article	42263676	10.1016/j.cell.2026.05.018	可能开放获取（PMC ID: PMC13293528）	A
78	Xenophagocytosis blockade enhances interspecies chimerism.	Cell	未提供	免疫学、发育生物学、遗传学与基因组学	Research Article	42248141	10.1016/j.cell.2026.05.016	可能开放获取（PMC ID: PMC13361098）	A
79	Plant cell wall-plasma membrane attachments mediate stress resilience through cellulose synthase complexes and remorins.	Cell	未提供	免疫学、细胞生物学、蛋白质科学	Research Article	42229423	10.1016/j.cell.2026.05.009	可能开放获取（PMC ID: PMC13270924）	A
80	Insights into longevity and virus-driven adaptation from Myotis bat genomes.	Nature	未提供	免疫学、肿瘤学、遗传学与基因组学	Research Article	42649300	10.1038/s41586-026-10932-7	非 OA / 需订阅访问	B
81	Cell-type-specific eQTLs underlie the genetic architecture of complex traits.	Nature	未提供	免疫学、遗传学与基因组学、生物技术	Research Article	42649298	10.1038/s41586-026-10577-6	非 OA / 需订阅访问	B
82	Long-read sequencing reveals pre-meiotic gene conversion in sperm.	Nature	未提供	遗传学与基因组学	Research Article	42649296	10.1038/s41586-026-10901-0	非 OA / 需订阅访问	B
83	Primate-specific regulation of the human glycosphingolipid gatekeeper UGCG.	Nature	未提供	神经科学、发育生物学、细胞生物学	Research Article	42649293	10.1038/s41586-026-10927-4	非 OA / 需订阅访问	B
84	Automated prototyping of genetic codes.	Nature	未提供	神经科学、遗传学与基因组学、药物研发	Research Article	42649287	10.1038/s41586-026-10949-y	非 OA / 需订阅访问	B
85	Gasdermin D-mediated delivery of caspase inhibitors to suppress pyroptosis.	Nature	未提供	免疫学、细胞生物学、药物研发	Research Article	42649286	10.1038/s41586-026-10957-y	非 OA / 需订阅访问	B
86	Wake-activated neuronal populations that regulate sleep drive.	Nature	未提供	神经科学、药物研发	Research Article	42618797	10.1038/s41586-026-10928-3	非 OA / 需订阅访问	B
87	Family genetic designs in MoBa provide insights into health and functioning.	Nature	未提供	神经科学、遗传学与基因组学	Research Article	42618792	10.1038/s41586-026-10926-5	非 OA / 需订阅访问	B
88	Pervasive phosphorylation by phage T7 kinase disarms bacterial defences.	Nature	未提供	遗传学与基因组学、微生物/病毒、药物研发	Research Article	42618789	10.1038/s41586-026-10934-5	非 OA / 需订阅访问	B
89	Functional role of skull lymphoid structures in CNS immunosurveillance.	Nature	未提供	神经科学、免疫学、肿瘤学	Research Article	42618784	10.1038/s41586-026-10951-4	非 OA / 需订阅访问	B
90	An Icelandic pangenome reference.	Nature	未提供	神经科学、遗传学与基因组学、微生物/病毒	Research Article	42618781	10.1038/s41586-026-10924-7	非 OA / 需订阅访问	B
91	Maternal influences on infant gut microbiome and health.	Nature	未提供	细胞生物学、遗传学与基因组学、微生物/病毒	Research Article	42587158	10.1038/s41586-026-10922-9	非 OA / 需订阅访问	B
92	Biomarkers of nivolumab benefit in resectable non-small cell lung cancer.	Nature	未提供	肿瘤学、遗传学与基因组学、药物研发	Research Article	42587156	10.1038/s41586-026-10925-6	非 OA / 需订阅访问	B
93	Glucose-responsive probiotics for glycaemic modulation in mice and monkeys.	Nature	未提供	发育生物学、遗传学与基因组学、药物研发	Research Article	42587154	10.1038/s41586-026-10909-6	非 OA / 需订阅访问	B
94	Temporal uncoupling of radial glia lineage progression in cortical organoids.	Nature	未提供	神经科学、发育生物学、遗传学与基因组学	Research Article	42587153	10.1038/s41586-026-10916-7	非 OA / 需订阅访问	B
95	Structural mechanism governing the directionality of bridge recombination.	Nature	未提供	神经科学、遗传学与基因组学、结构生物学	Research Article	42587149	10.1038/s41586-026-10903-y	非 OA / 需订阅访问	B
96	Amygdala astrocyte primary cilium mechanisms contribute to stress behaviours.	Nature	未提供	神经科学、遗传学与基因组学、药物研发	Research Article	42557328	10.1038/s41586-026-10874-0	非 OA / 需订阅访问	B
97	A cholinergic hub in the nucleus accumbens gates opioid-reward learning.	Nature	未提供	神经科学、遗传学与基因组学、药物研发	Research Article	42557321	10.1038/s41586-026-10887-9	可能开放获取（PMC ID: PMC13454963）	B
98	A tumour-derived organoid biobank maps cancer gene dependencies.	Nature	未提供	肿瘤学、遗传学与基因组学、药物研发	Research Article	42557320	10.1038/s41586-026-10830-y	非 OA / 需订阅访问	B
99	Membranolytic peptide programs immunogenic cell death for cancer therapy.	Nature	未提供	免疫学、肿瘤学、细胞生物学	Research Article	42557318	10.1038/s41586-026-10899-5	非 OA / 需订阅访问	B
100	FNIP1 variants are associated with favourable metabolism in 1 million humans.	Nature	未提供	细胞生物学、遗传学与基因组学、药物研发	Research Article	42557317	10.1038/s41586-026-10864-2	非 OA / 需订阅访问	B
101	A compendium of next-generation patient-derived models for diverse cancers.	Nature	未提供	肿瘤学、发育生物学、遗传学与基因组学	Research Article	42557316	10.1038/s41586-026-10806-y	非 OA / 需订阅访问	B
102	A dependency map enhanced with next-generation 3D cancer models.	Nature	未提供	肿瘤学、遗传学与基因组学、药物研发	Research Article	42557315	10.1038/s41586-026-10843-7	非 OA / 需订阅访问	B
103	Stimulation modulates gene-linked cell assemblies in the human brain.	Nature	未提供	神经科学、遗传学与基因组学、药物研发	Research Article	42557314	10.1038/s41586-026-10879-9	非 OA / 需订阅访问	B
104	Virus reactivation in acute and long COVID-19.	Nature	未提供	免疫学、微生物/病毒	Research Article	42557313	10.1038/s41586-026-10740-z	可能开放获取（PMC ID: PMC13489964）	B
105	The piezochiral effect.	Nature	未提供	免疫学、发育生物学	Research Article	42527589	10.1038/s41586-026-10845-5	可能开放获取（PMC ID: PMC13468133）	B
106	Intestinal stem cells count self-renewal divisions to switch multipotency.	Nature	未提供	发育生物学、遗传学与基因组学、蛋白质科学	Research Article	42527588	10.1038/s41586-026-10814-y	非 OA / 需订阅访问	B
107	Insulator-free topological photonic multi-lane highways.	Nature	未提供	免疫学、遗传学与基因组学	Research Article	42486988	10.1038/s41586-026-10817-9	非 OA / 需订阅访问	B
108	Tertiary lymphoid structures harbour stem-like tumour-specific T cells.	Nature	未提供	免疫学、肿瘤学、发育生物学	Research Article	42486979	10.1038/s41586-026-10808-w	非 OA / 需订阅访问	B
109	An ATPγS recycling strategy for practical biocatalytic thiophosphorylation.	Nature	未提供	发育生物学、药物研发、蛋白质科学	Research Article	42457971	10.1038/s41586-026-10895-9	非 OA / 需订阅访问	B
110	Perovskite-organic tandem solar cells with a photo-transformable stabilizer.	Nature	未提供	遗传学与基因组学	Research Article	42443504	10.1038/s41586-026-10869-x	非 OA / 需订阅访问	B
111	Competing programs shape cortical sensorimotor-association axis development.	Nature	未提供	神经科学、发育生物学、细胞生物学	Research Article	42386980	10.1038/s41586-026-10699-x	可能开放获取（PMC ID: PMC13489954）	B
112	Correcting congenital myasthenia-associated acetylcholine receptor defects.	Nature	未提供	细胞生物学、遗传学与基因组学、微生物/病毒	Research Article	42386970	10.1038/s41586-026-10706-1	可能开放获取（PMC ID: PMC13430646）	B
113	Retraction Note: NSD2 targeting reverses plasticity and drug resistance in prostate cancer.	Nature	未提供	肿瘤学、药物研发	Research Article	42380660	10.1038/s41586-026-10816-w	可能开放获取（PMC ID: PMC13489960）	B
114	Dietary cholesterol activates a Ral-dependent pathway driving LDLR turnover.	Nature	未提供	细胞生物学、遗传学与基因组学、药物研发	Research Article	42343138	10.1038/s41586-026-10697-z	非 OA / 需订阅访问	B
115	Epiblast diversification and blood formation in a human pregastrula.	Nature	未提供	发育生物学、遗传学与基因组学	Research Article	42343132	10.1038/s41586-026-10698-y	非 OA / 需订阅访问	B
116	CHPO coordinates chilling recovery and nitrogen use in rice.	Nature	未提供	遗传学与基因组学、药物研发、蛋白质科学	Research Article	42310462	10.1038/s41586-026-10682-6	非 OA / 需订阅访问	B
117	Cortical development dynamics across autism spectrum disorder mouse models.	Nature	未提供	神经科学、发育生物学、细胞生物学	Research Article	42310454	10.1038/s41586-026-10679-1	可能开放获取（PMC ID: PMC13441911）	B
118	Mapping the neuronal building blocks of human language with language models.	Nature	未提供	神经科学、细胞生物学	Research Article	42310453	10.1038/s41586-026-10691-5	可能开放获取（PMC ID: PMC13468166）	B
119	A mosaic of whole-body representations on the human precentral gyrus.	Nature	未提供	神经科学、药物研发	Research Article	42310450	10.1038/s41586-026-10653-x	可能开放获取（PMC ID: PMC13489936）	B
120	Whole-genome duplication shaped cell-type evolution in the vertebrate brain.	Nature	未提供	神经科学、细胞生物学、遗传学与基因组学	Research Article	42271056	10.1038/s41586-026-10629-x	可能开放获取（PMC ID: PMC13489949）	B
121	A unicellular relative links aggregative multicellularity to animal origins.	Nature	未提供	发育生物学、细胞生物学、遗传学与基因组学	Research Article	42265479	10.1038/s41586-026-10748-5	可能开放获取（PMC ID: PMC13366479）	B
122	Distributed control circuits across a brain-and-cord connectome.	Nature	未提供	神经科学、遗传学与基因组学、药物研发	Research Article	42259917	10.1038/s41586-026-10735-w	可能开放获取（PMC ID: PMC13518251）	B
123	Cell-type-resolved genetic variation shapes inflammatory bowel disease risk.	Nature	未提供	免疫学、发育生物学、遗传学与基因组学	Research Article	42236949	10.1038/s41586-026-10627-z	可能开放获取（PMC ID: PMC13441992）	B
124	Cold-induced peptide signalling secures pollen resilience and crop yield.	Nature	未提供	发育生物学、细胞生物学、遗传学与基因组学	Research Article	42236938	10.1038/s41586-026-10603-7	非 OA / 需订阅访问	B
125	Mechanism of age-related accumulation of mtDNA mutations in human blood.	Nature	未提供	细胞生物学、遗传学与基因组学	Research Article	42203880	10.1038/s41586-026-10569-6	可能开放获取（PMC ID: PMC13441879）	B
126	Endogenous opioid dynamics in the dorsal striatum sculpt neural activity to promote goal-directed action.	Cell	未提供	神经科学、细胞生物学、遗传学与基因组学	Research Article	42673964	10.1016/j.cell.2026.07.058	非 OA / 需订阅访问	B
127	Genome-scale perturb-seq in primary human CD4 + T cells maps context-specific regulators of T cell programs and human immune traits.	Cell	未提供	免疫学、细胞生物学、遗传学与基因组学	Research Article	42664972	10.1016/j.cell.2026.08.002	非 OA / 需订阅访问	B
128	Human nuclear ribomes reveal DNA-embedded ribonucleotides as epigenetic modulators of transcription-associated DNA supercoiling.	Cell	未提供	免疫学、遗传学与基因组学	Research Article	42664971	10.1016/j.cell.2026.07.053	非 OA / 需订阅访问	B
129	Virtual Cell Challenge 2026: Benchmarking zero-shot generalization across cellular contexts.	Cell	未提供	免疫学、细胞生物学、遗传学与基因组学	Research Article	42648290	10.1016/j.cell.2026.08.004	非 OA / 需订阅访问	B
130	Integrative spatial profiling of 3D genome organization and gene expression in tissue.	Cell	未提供	神经科学、肿瘤学、发育生物学	Research Article	42641604	10.1016/j.cell.2026.07.039	可能开放获取（PMC ID: PMC13509204）	B
131	DDIAS shields single-stranded DNA in mitosis and promotes vertebrate brain development.	Cell	未提供	神经科学、免疫学、发育生物学	Research Article	42636811	10.1016/j.cell.2026.07.041	非 OA / 需订阅访问	B
132	Neurodegeneration as a dysregulation of neuroimmune crosstalk.	Cell	未提供	神经科学、免疫学、发育生物学	Review	42624075	10.1016/j.cell.2026.07.015	非 OA / 需订阅访问	B
133	Gut microbiota generate dinitrosyl iron complexes with cardiometabolic benefits.	Cell	未提供	细胞生物学、遗传学与基因组学、微生物/病毒	Research Article	42617596	10.1016/j.cell.2026.07.055	非 OA / 需订阅访问	B
134	Synthetic transcription factors designed by domain recombination enhance CAR T cell antitumor function.	Cell	未提供	免疫学、肿瘤学、遗传学与基因组学	Research Article	42617595	10.1016/j.cell.2026.07.054	非 OA / 需订阅访问	B
135	RNA structures regulate norovirus life cycle and enable rational attenuation in vivo.	Cell	未提供	神经科学、免疫学、遗传学与基因组学	Research Article	42617594	10.1016/j.cell.2026.07.051	非 OA / 需订阅访问	B
136	Multimodal brain cell atlas across the adult macaque lifespan.	Cell	未提供	神经科学、细胞生物学、遗传学与基因组学	Research Article	42612631	10.1016/j.cell.2026.07.045	非 OA / 需订阅访问	B
137	Fifteen challenges for generative AI applications to cell biology.	Cell	未提供	免疫学、肿瘤学、细胞生物学	Review	42607668	10.1016/j.cell.2026.07.004	非 OA / 需订阅访问	B
138	Brain perivascular macrophages regulate endothelial cell function via a cMAF-dependent transcriptional program in mouse and human.	Cell	未提供	神经科学、免疫学、肿瘤学	Research Article	42600613	10.1016/j.cell.2026.07.043	非 OA / 需订阅访问	B
139	Polyamines buffer labile iron to suppress ferroptosis.	Cell	未提供	细胞生物学、遗传学与基因组学、生物技术	Research Article	42600612	10.1016/j.cell.2026.07.040	可能开放获取（PMC ID: PMC13527661）	B
140	Ancient genomes reveal distinct human dispersals and social stratification in the settlement history of western Remote Oceania.	Cell	未提供	遗传学与基因组学、药物研发	Research Article	42600611	10.1016/j.cell.2026.07.044	非 OA / 需订阅访问	B
141	Functional atlas of vertebrate viral RNA elements that stabilize RNA and enhance translation.	Cell	未提供	遗传学与基因组学、微生物/病毒、药物研发	Research Article	42594865	10.1016/j.cell.2026.07.038	非 OA / 需订阅访问	B
142	Trans-regulatory gene mapping prioritizes disease drivers in asthma.	Cell	未提供	免疫学、细胞生物学、遗传学与基因组学	Research Article	42580338	10.1016/j.cell.2026.07.034	可能开放获取（PMC ID: PMC13496006）	B
143	Pangenome-guided breeding restores high-altitude adaptation and improves yield in Tartary buckwheat.	Cell	未提供	遗传学与基因组学	Research Article	42580335	10.1016/j.cell.2026.07.035	非 OA / 需订阅访问	B
144	Distinct cellular phenotypes of language and executive decline in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.	Cell	未提供	神经科学、免疫学、细胞生物学	Research Article	42551425	10.1016/j.cell.2026.07.008	可能开放获取（PMC ID: PMC13480947）	B
145	Targeting peripheral 5-HT 2A R enhances antitumor immunity in colorectal cancer.	Cell	未提供	神经科学、免疫学、肿瘤学	Research Article	42551424	10.1016/j.cell.2026.07.028	非 OA / 需订阅访问	B
146	Complex subtelomeric architectures in a complete rhesus macaque reference genome.	Cell	未提供	遗传学与基因组学	Research Article	42561916	10.1016/j.cell.2026.02.018	可能开放获取（PMC ID: PMC13454962）	B
147	A complete genome for the common marmoset.	Cell	未提供	免疫学、遗传学与基因组学	Research Article	42561915	10.1016/j.cell.2026.07.017	可能开放获取（PMC ID: PMC13456403）	B
148	Filling the holes in whole genomes: A vision for personalized genomics from telomere to telomere.	Cell	未提供	遗传学与基因组学、药物研发	Research Article	42561910	10.1016/j.cell.2026.07.019	非 OA / 需订阅访问	B
149	Spatial biology reveals altered macrophage states in immunosuppressed non-melanoma skin cancer.	Cell	未提供	免疫学、肿瘤学、遗传学与基因组学	Research Article	42556334	10.1016/j.cell.2026.07.031	非 OA / 需订阅访问	B
150	Co-option of retrotransposons promotes antibody diversification.	Cell	未提供	免疫学、遗传学与基因组学、药物研发	Research Article	42546688	10.1016/j.cell.2026.07.021	非 OA / 需订阅访问	B
151	Milk osteopontin alters the infant microbiome to drive DC hematopoiesis and disease tolerance.	Cell	未提供	免疫学、发育生物学、遗传学与基因组学	Research Article	42546687	10.1016/j.cell.2026.07.022	非 OA / 需订阅访问	B
152	Geometric constraints on the architecture of mammalian cortical connectomes.	Cell	未提供	神经科学、微生物/病毒	Research Article	42361798	10.1016/j.cell.2026.05.048	非 OA / 需订阅访问	B
153	Iron drives protease-independent cleavage of gasdermin D in allergic airway diseases.	Cell	未提供	免疫学、细胞生物学、遗传学与基因组学	Research Article	42361797	10.1016/j.cell.2026.06.004	非 OA / 需订阅访问	B
154	Excessive epithelial mechanosensation drives nociceptive innervation and chronic bladder pain via the PIEZO1-SLC7A11-glutamate axis.	Cell	未提供	神经科学、细胞生物学、遗传学与基因组学	Research Article	42361796	10.1016/j.cell.2026.05.049	非 OA / 需订阅访问	B
155	Shared neural geometries for bilingual semantic representations in human hippocampal neurons.	Cell	未提供	神经科学、遗传学与基因组学	Research Article	42341760	10.1016/j.cell.2026.05.020	可能开放获取（PMC ID: PMC13484884）	B
156	An emergent disease-associated motor neuron state precedes cell death in ALS.	Cell	未提供	神经科学、免疫学、遗传学与基因组学	Research Article	42335888	10.1016/j.cell.2026.05.047	可能开放获取（PMC ID: PMC13446465）	B
157	Expansion and CAR engineering of granulocyte-monocyte progenitors for cellular immunotherapy.	Cell	未提供	免疫学、肿瘤学、细胞生物学	Research Article	42320470	10.1016/j.cell.2026.05.043	非 OA / 需订阅访问	B
158	Chloroplast sunscreening by protein condensates confers high-light tolerance.	Cell	未提供	细胞生物学、遗传学与基因组学、结构生物学	Research Article	42309053	10.1016/j.cell.2026.05.042	非 OA / 需订阅访问	B
159	The critical role of the endogenous immune compartment after CAR T cell therapy in recurrent GBM.	Cell	未提供	神经科学、免疫学、肿瘤学	Clinical Trial	42296961	10.1016/j.cell.2026.05.026	可能开放获取（PMC ID: PMC13401735）	B
160	Mechanism of lipid transfer by bridge-like protein VPS13A and the scramblase XK.	Cell	未提供	细胞生物学、蛋白质科学、生物技术	Research Article	42285089	10.1016/j.cell.2026.05.027	可能开放获取（PMC ID: PMC13267863）	B
161	Replaying germinal center evolution on a quantified affinity landscape.	Cell	未提供	免疫学、细胞生物学、遗传学与基因组学	Research Article	42248140	10.1016/j.cell.2026.05.013	可能开放获取（PMC ID: PMC13360575）	B
162	Deep-sea megafauna co-opts microbial energy metabolism genes to withstand ultra-long starvation.	Cell	未提供	遗传学与基因组学、微生物/病毒、蛋白质科学	Research Article	42248139	10.1016/j.cell.2026.05.012	非 OA / 需订阅访问	B
163	Octahedral-coordinated Co 3 O 4 for water electrolysis in acid.	Nature	未提供	发育生物学、细胞生物学	Research Article	42527594	10.1038/s41586-026-10851-7	非 OA / 需订阅访问	C
164	Mapping drivers of life expectancy change in Asia from 1990 to 2023.	Nature	未提供	医学	Research Article	42486974	10.1038/s41586-026-10739-6	非 OA / 需订阅访问	C
165	Mutually beneficial interactions between bacteria and Arabidopsis promote phosphorus nutrition and growth.	Cell	未提供	微生物/病毒	Research Article	42612632	10.1016/j.cell.2026.07.048	非 OA / 需订阅访问	C

二、按期刊分类列表

Nature

PMID 42649394 — Systems vaccinology and the architecture of human immunity. (Review, 推荐等级 A)
PMID 42649302 — A binding-to-release strategy for targeted anticancer drug delivery. (Research Article, 推荐等级 A)
PMID 42649292 — Endocannabinoids facilitate reward engagement through retrograde gain control. (Research Article, 推荐等级 A)
PMID 42649291 — Aberrant excitatory neuronal ERBB4 promotes Alzheimer's disease pathology. (Research Article, 推荐等级 A)
PMID 42649290 — Ultrafast and reference-free sequence discovery in single-cell data. (Research Article, 推荐等级 A)
PMID 42618795 — Human brain organoids record the passage of time over multiple years. (Research Article, 推荐等级 A)
PMID 42618786 — Psychedelics align brain activity with context. (Research Article, 推荐等级 A)
PMID 42618785 — A biased allosteric modulator is a molecular glue for β 2 AR dimerization. (Research Article, 推荐等级 A)
PMID 42618782 — The HydroGym reinforcement learning platform for fluid dynamics. (Research Article, 推荐等级 A)
PMID 42618758 — Safety and security of large language models in healthcare. (Review, 推荐等级 A)
PMID 42587162 — In vivo genome-wide CRISPR screens of human T cells in solid tumours. (Research Article, 推荐等级 A)
PMID 42587159 — Neural basis of compositional control. (Research Article, 推荐等级 A)
PMID 42587157 — Procognitive restoration of PV neuron plasticity in neurodevelopmental disorders. (Research Article, 推荐等级 A)
PMID 42587155 — Luminescent-reaction-enabled super-resolution imaging. (Research Article, 推荐等级 A)
PMID 42587147 — Rb-driven transcription limits its tumour-suppressive effects in breast cancer. (Research Article, 推荐等级 A)
PMID 42587118 — Agentic profiles for effective AI governance. (Review, 推荐等级 A)
PMID 42587116 — Shared principles of human and bacterial antiviral immunity. (Review, 推荐等级 A)
PMID 42557334 — An expanded codebook of human transcription factor DNA-binding specificity. (Research Article, 推荐等级 A)
PMID 42557333 — An ancient mitochondrial program tunes translation to haem availability. (Research Article, 推荐等级 A)
PMID 42557331 — The Virtual Tissues foundation model resolves spatial proteomics across scales. (Research Article, 推荐等级 A)
PMID 42557330 — ZFP36L2 orchestrates stress-adaptive plasticity in regeneration and cancer. (Research Article, 推荐等级 A)
PMID 42557329 — DCAF11-dependent molecular glue degrader activated by glutathionylation. (Research Article, 推荐等级 A)
PMID 42557325 — Antigen presentation by CD40 + MHC-II + astrocytes promotes CNS autoimmunity. (Research Article, 推荐等级 A)
PMID 42557324 — Uncovering the mechanism of female restitution in sugarcane hybrids. (Research Article, 推荐等级 A)
PMID 42527602 — Mitochondrial metabolism and epigenetic crosstalk drive SASP. (Research Article, 推荐等级 A)
PMID 42486984 — Precise DNA base editing using AlphaFold3-based contact modelling. (Research Article, 推荐等级 A)
PMID 42457967 — A Bayesian framework for longitudinal EHR and genetic discovery. (Research Article, 推荐等级 A)
PMID 42457955 — Ketogenic diet mediates intestinal tumorigenesis through lipids not ketones. (Research Article, 推荐等级 A)
PMID 42420460 — Universal cell embedding provides a foundation model for cell biology. (Research Article, 推荐等级 A)
PMID 42420453 — Ancient feeding-related neuropeptides regulate alloparenting in ants. (Research Article, 推荐等级 A)
PMID 42420449 — Chromatin landscape and epigenetic heterogeneity of acute myeloid leukaemia. (Research Article, 推荐等级 A)
PMID 42386981 — TROP2 targeting reveals therapy-driven cell state dynamics in colorectal cancer. (Research Article, 推荐等级 A)
PMID 42386979 — Steatosis shapes prognosis-defining liver metastasis heterogeneity in CRC. (Research Article, 推荐等级 A)
PMID 42386978 — Replication-stress-induced chromatin loops protect fork stability. (Research Article, 推荐等级 A)
PMID 42386974 — Casdatifan shows durable response linked to HIF-2α biology in kidney cancer. (Research Article, 推荐等级 A)
PMID 42386972 — Targeted enzyme discovery using metal-coordination mining. (Research Article, 推荐等级 A)
PMID 42386968 — N 4 -Acetylcytidine enhances synthetic mRNA translation yield and fidelity. (Research Article, 推荐等级 A)
PMID 42386964 — Dual tumour-myeloid targeting of glioblastoma with GPNMB CAR-T cells. (Research Article, 推荐等级 A)
PMID 42386962 — A secreted endosymbiont protein essential for colonizing host cells. (Research Article, 推荐等级 A)
PMID 42380659 — Enhanced B cell priming induces broadly neutralizing HIV-1 apex antibodies. (Research Article, 推荐等级 A)
PMID 42380658 — Vaccination elicits HIV broadly neutralizing antibodies in primates. (Research Article, 推荐等级 A)
PMID 42350793 — Ligand-enabled distal desaturative lactonization of aliphatic acids. (Research Article, 推荐等级 A)
PMID 42343133 — Zero-shot design of drug-binding proteins via neural iterative selection-expansion. (Research Article, 推荐等级 A)
PMID 42343131 — Alternate RNA decoding results in stable and abundant proteins in mammals. (Research Article, 推荐等级 A)
PMID 42343130 — Disparate privacy risks from medical AI. (Research Article, 推荐等级 A)
PMID 42343124 — Small-molecule modulation of β-arrestins. (Research Article, 推荐等级 A)
PMID 42310464 — Analysis of 173,303 exomes and genomes in the Pakistan Genome Resource. (Research Article, 推荐等级 A)
PMID 42310461 — Spatial distribution of the proteome in the human body and in cancers. (Research Article, 推荐等级 A)
PMID 42271064 — A thalamus-brainstem attractor network drives history-biased decisions. (Research Article, 推荐等级 A)
PMID 42271061 — Diverse binding poses of agonistic neurotoxins on human Na v 1.6. (Research Article, 推荐等级 A)
PMID 42271057 — Gene ancestries reveal diverse microbial associations during eukaryogenesis. (Research Article, 推荐等级 A)
PMID 42259916 — Targeting cancer-specific mutations with RNA-triggered chromatin shredding. (Research Article, 推荐等级 A)
PMID 42259915 — GPR15-guided CD8 + T regulatory cells control intestinal inflammation. (Research Article, 推荐等级 A)
PMID 42236945 — Centromeric footprints preserve telomere integrity in ALT cancers. (Research Article, 推荐等级 A)
PMID 42236937 — LASER couples damage sensing to ESCRT assembly for lysosome repair. (Research Article, 推荐等级 A)
PMID 42168559 — De novo design of miniproteins targeting GPCRs. (Research Article, 推荐等级 A)
PMID 42162422 — Feature-specific threat coding in lateral septum guides defensive action. (Research Article, 推荐等级 A)
PMID 42649300 — Insights into longevity and virus-driven adaptation from Myotis bat genomes. (Research Article, 推荐等级 B)
PMID 42649298 — Cell-type-specific eQTLs underlie the genetic architecture of complex traits. (Research Article, 推荐等级 B)
PMID 42649296 — Long-read sequencing reveals pre-meiotic gene conversion in sperm. (Research Article, 推荐等级 B)
PMID 42649293 — Primate-specific regulation of the human glycosphingolipid gatekeeper UGCG. (Research Article, 推荐等级 B)
PMID 42649287 — Automated prototyping of genetic codes. (Research Article, 推荐等级 B)
PMID 42649286 — Gasdermin D-mediated delivery of caspase inhibitors to suppress pyroptosis. (Research Article, 推荐等级 B)
PMID 42618797 — Wake-activated neuronal populations that regulate sleep drive. (Research Article, 推荐等级 B)
PMID 42618792 — Family genetic designs in MoBa provide insights into health and functioning. (Research Article, 推荐等级 B)
PMID 42618789 — Pervasive phosphorylation by phage T7 kinase disarms bacterial defences. (Research Article, 推荐等级 B)
PMID 42618784 — Functional role of skull lymphoid structures in CNS immunosurveillance. (Research Article, 推荐等级 B)
PMID 42618781 — An Icelandic pangenome reference. (Research Article, 推荐等级 B)
PMID 42587158 — Maternal influences on infant gut microbiome and health. (Research Article, 推荐等级 B)
PMID 42587156 — Biomarkers of nivolumab benefit in resectable non-small cell lung cancer. (Research Article, 推荐等级 B)
PMID 42587154 — Glucose-responsive probiotics for glycaemic modulation in mice and monkeys. (Research Article, 推荐等级 B)
PMID 42587153 — Temporal uncoupling of radial glia lineage progression in cortical organoids. (Research Article, 推荐等级 B)
PMID 42587149 — Structural mechanism governing the directionality of bridge recombination. (Research Article, 推荐等级 B)
PMID 42557328 — Amygdala astrocyte primary cilium mechanisms contribute to stress behaviours. (Research Article, 推荐等级 B)
PMID 42557321 — A cholinergic hub in the nucleus accumbens gates opioid-reward learning. (Research Article, 推荐等级 B)
PMID 42557320 — A tumour-derived organoid biobank maps cancer gene dependencies. (Research Article, 推荐等级 B)
PMID 42557318 — Membranolytic peptide programs immunogenic cell death for cancer therapy. (Research Article, 推荐等级 B)
PMID 42557317 — FNIP1 variants are associated with favourable metabolism in 1 million humans. (Research Article, 推荐等级 B)
PMID 42557316 — A compendium of next-generation patient-derived models for diverse cancers. (Research Article, 推荐等级 B)
PMID 42557315 — A dependency map enhanced with next-generation 3D cancer models. (Research Article, 推荐等级 B)
PMID 42557314 — Stimulation modulates gene-linked cell assemblies in the human brain. (Research Article, 推荐等级 B)
PMID 42557313 — Virus reactivation in acute and long COVID-19. (Research Article, 推荐等级 B)
PMID 42527589 — The piezochiral effect. (Research Article, 推荐等级 B)
PMID 42527588 — Intestinal stem cells count self-renewal divisions to switch multipotency. (Research Article, 推荐等级 B)
PMID 42486988 — Insulator-free topological photonic multi-lane highways. (Research Article, 推荐等级 B)
PMID 42486979 — Tertiary lymphoid structures harbour stem-like tumour-specific T cells. (Research Article, 推荐等级 B)
PMID 42457971 — An ATPγS recycling strategy for practical biocatalytic thiophosphorylation. (Research Article, 推荐等级 B)
PMID 42443504 — Perovskite-organic tandem solar cells with a photo-transformable stabilizer. (Research Article, 推荐等级 B)
PMID 42386980 — Competing programs shape cortical sensorimotor-association axis development. (Research Article, 推荐等级 B)
PMID 42386970 — Correcting congenital myasthenia-associated acetylcholine receptor defects. (Research Article, 推荐等级 B)
PMID 42380660 — Retraction Note: NSD2 targeting reverses plasticity and drug resistance in prostate cancer. (Research Article, 推荐等级 B)
PMID 42343138 — Dietary cholesterol activates a Ral-dependent pathway driving LDLR turnover. (Research Article, 推荐等级 B)
PMID 42343132 — Epiblast diversification and blood formation in a human pregastrula. (Research Article, 推荐等级 B)
PMID 42310462 — CHPO coordinates chilling recovery and nitrogen use in rice. (Research Article, 推荐等级 B)
PMID 42310454 — Cortical development dynamics across autism spectrum disorder mouse models. (Research Article, 推荐等级 B)
PMID 42310453 — Mapping the neuronal building blocks of human language with language models. (Research Article, 推荐等级 B)
PMID 42310450 — A mosaic of whole-body representations on the human precentral gyrus. (Research Article, 推荐等级 B)
PMID 42271056 — Whole-genome duplication shaped cell-type evolution in the vertebrate brain. (Research Article, 推荐等级 B)
PMID 42265479 — A unicellular relative links aggregative multicellularity to animal origins. (Research Article, 推荐等级 B)
PMID 42259917 — Distributed control circuits across a brain-and-cord connectome. (Research Article, 推荐等级 B)
PMID 42236949 — Cell-type-resolved genetic variation shapes inflammatory bowel disease risk. (Research Article, 推荐等级 B)
PMID 42236938 — Cold-induced peptide signalling secures pollen resilience and crop yield. (Research Article, 推荐等级 B)
PMID 42203880 — Mechanism of age-related accumulation of mtDNA mutations in human blood. (Research Article, 推荐等级 B)
PMID 42527594 — Octahedral-coordinated Co 3 O 4 for water electrolysis in acid. (Research Article, 推荐等级 C)
PMID 42486974 — Mapping drivers of life expectancy change in Asia from 1990 to 2023. (Research Article, 推荐等级 C)

Science

本月无纳入文献。

Cell

PMID 42673963 — Predicting cellular responses to perturbation across diverse contexts with State. (Research Article, 推荐等级 A)
PMID 42624078 — Multimodal evidence for bone lymphatics in skeletal health and repair. (Research Article, 推荐等级 A)
PMID 42624077 — Lymphatic vessels invade bone in disease but are absent in health and regeneration. (Research Article, 推荐等级 A)
PMID 42580337 — Convergent evolution of metabolic regulation governs redox adaptation in Toxoplasma. (Research Article, 推荐等级 A)
PMID 42575089 — The structural basis for LRRK2's activation and autoinhibition. (Research Article, 推荐等级 A)
PMID 42551423 — Metabolic atlas of early human cortex reveals glycolytic remodeling and pentose phosphate pathway control of cell fate transitions. (Research Article, 推荐等级 A)
PMID 42561917 — The complete genome of a songbird. (Research Article, 推荐等级 A)
PMID 42561913 — A complete diploid human genome benchmark for personalized genomics. (Research Article, 推荐等级 A)
PMID 42561912 — Why studying females reveals more about aging: The reproductive resilience hypothesis for the evolution of sex-specific aging. (Review, 推荐等级 A)
PMID 42546689 — Ultrarapid deep 3D histology enables intraoperative mapping of glioma infiltration. (Research Article, 推荐等级 A)
PMID 42520802 — Coordinated RNA- and protein-templated synthesis of double-stranded DNA by a dual reverse transcriptase immune system. (Research Article, 推荐等级 A)
PMID 42497867 — UniPert-G2CP bridges genetic and chemical screens from molecular representation to phenotype modeling. (Research Article, 推荐等级 A)
PMID 42480528 — Expanding the scope of protein language modeling to protein-protein interactions with MSA Pairformer. (Research Article, 推荐等级 A)
PMID 42476130 — Viral protease-initiated lytic cell death as a universal antiviral mRNA therapy. (Research Article, 推荐等级 A)
PMID 42392077 — A viral ORFeome library for systems-level genetic dissection of host-pathogen interactions. (Research Article, 推荐等级 A)
PMID 42379168 — Systematic discovery of pathogen effector functions across human pathogens and pathways. (Research Article, 推荐等级 A)
PMID 42379166 — Multiscale integration of tissue and chromatin context converts cell heterogeneity into stable intestinal patterning. (Research Article, 推荐等级 A)
PMID 42330950 — Cuproptosis-immunity crosstalk informs strategy to overcome immunotherapy resistance. (Research Article, 推荐等级 A)
PMID 42276043 — Nuclear proteome reveals microtubule-associated protein regulating fate and disease. (Research Article, 推荐等级 A)
PMID 42263676 — Prion-based protein self-assembly tunes mutagenesis to enable rapid adaptation. (Research Article, 推荐等级 A)
PMID 42248141 — Xenophagocytosis blockade enhances interspecies chimerism. (Research Article, 推荐等级 A)
PMID 42229423 — Plant cell wall-plasma membrane attachments mediate stress resilience through cellulose synthase complexes and remorins. (Research Article, 推荐等级 A)
PMID 42673964 — Endogenous opioid dynamics in the dorsal striatum sculpt neural activity to promote goal-directed action. (Research Article, 推荐等级 B)
PMID 42664972 — Genome-scale perturb-seq in primary human CD4 + T cells maps context-specific regulators of T cell programs and human immune traits. (Research Article, 推荐等级 B)
PMID 42664971 — Human nuclear ribomes reveal DNA-embedded ribonucleotides as epigenetic modulators of transcription-associated DNA supercoiling. (Research Article, 推荐等级 B)
PMID 42648290 — Virtual Cell Challenge 2026: Benchmarking zero-shot generalization across cellular contexts. (Research Article, 推荐等级 B)
PMID 42641604 — Integrative spatial profiling of 3D genome organization and gene expression in tissue. (Research Article, 推荐等级 B)
PMID 42636811 — DDIAS shields single-stranded DNA in mitosis and promotes vertebrate brain development. (Research Article, 推荐等级 B)
PMID 42624075 — Neurodegeneration as a dysregulation of neuroimmune crosstalk. (Review, 推荐等级 B)
PMID 42617596 — Gut microbiota generate dinitrosyl iron complexes with cardiometabolic benefits. (Research Article, 推荐等级 B)
PMID 42617595 — Synthetic transcription factors designed by domain recombination enhance CAR T cell antitumor function. (Research Article, 推荐等级 B)
PMID 42617594 — RNA structures regulate norovirus life cycle and enable rational attenuation in vivo. (Research Article, 推荐等级 B)
PMID 42612631 — Multimodal brain cell atlas across the adult macaque lifespan. (Research Article, 推荐等级 B)
PMID 42607668 — Fifteen challenges for generative AI applications to cell biology. (Review, 推荐等级 B)
PMID 42600613 — Brain perivascular macrophages regulate endothelial cell function via a cMAF-dependent transcriptional program in mouse and human. (Research Article, 推荐等级 B)
PMID 42600612 — Polyamines buffer labile iron to suppress ferroptosis. (Research Article, 推荐等级 B)
PMID 42600611 — Ancient genomes reveal distinct human dispersals and social stratification in the settlement history of western Remote Oceania. (Research Article, 推荐等级 B)
PMID 42594865 — Functional atlas of vertebrate viral RNA elements that stabilize RNA and enhance translation. (Research Article, 推荐等级 B)
PMID 42580338 — Trans-regulatory gene mapping prioritizes disease drivers in asthma. (Research Article, 推荐等级 B)
PMID 42580335 — Pangenome-guided breeding restores high-altitude adaptation and improves yield in Tartary buckwheat. (Research Article, 推荐等级 B)
PMID 42551425 — Distinct cellular phenotypes of language and executive decline in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. (Research Article, 推荐等级 B)
PMID 42551424 — Targeting peripheral 5-HT 2A R enhances antitumor immunity in colorectal cancer. (Research Article, 推荐等级 B)
PMID 42561916 — Complex subtelomeric architectures in a complete rhesus macaque reference genome. (Research Article, 推荐等级 B)
PMID 42561915 — A complete genome for the common marmoset. (Research Article, 推荐等级 B)
PMID 42561910 — Filling the holes in whole genomes: A vision for personalized genomics from telomere to telomere. (Research Article, 推荐等级 B)
PMID 42556334 — Spatial biology reveals altered macrophage states in immunosuppressed non-melanoma skin cancer. (Research Article, 推荐等级 B)
PMID 42546688 — Co-option of retrotransposons promotes antibody diversification. (Research Article, 推荐等级 B)
PMID 42546687 — Milk osteopontin alters the infant microbiome to drive DC hematopoiesis and disease tolerance. (Research Article, 推荐等级 B)
PMID 42361798 — Geometric constraints on the architecture of mammalian cortical connectomes. (Research Article, 推荐等级 B)
PMID 42361797 — Iron drives protease-independent cleavage of gasdermin D in allergic airway diseases. (Research Article, 推荐等级 B)
PMID 42361796 — Excessive epithelial mechanosensation drives nociceptive innervation and chronic bladder pain via the PIEZO1-SLC7A11-glutamate axis. (Research Article, 推荐等级 B)
PMID 42341760 — Shared neural geometries for bilingual semantic representations in human hippocampal neurons. (Research Article, 推荐等级 B)
PMID 42335888 — An emergent disease-associated motor neuron state precedes cell death in ALS. (Research Article, 推荐等级 B)
PMID 42320470 — Expansion and CAR engineering of granulocyte-monocyte progenitors for cellular immunotherapy. (Research Article, 推荐等级 B)
PMID 42309053 — Chloroplast sunscreening by protein condensates confers high-light tolerance. (Research Article, 推荐等级 B)
PMID 42296961 — The critical role of the endogenous immune compartment after CAR T cell therapy in recurrent GBM. (Clinical Trial, 推荐等级 B)
PMID 42285089 — Mechanism of lipid transfer by bridge-like protein VPS13A and the scramblase XK. (Research Article, 推荐等级 B)
PMID 42248140 — Replaying germinal center evolution on a quantified affinity landscape. (Research Article, 推荐等级 B)
PMID 42248139 — Deep-sea megafauna co-opts microbial energy metabolism genes to withstand ultra-long starvation. (Research Article, 推荐等级 B)
PMID 42612632 — Mutually beneficial interactions between bacteria and Arabidopsis promote phosphorus nutrition and growth. (Research Article, 推荐等级 C)

三、逐篇文献解读

以下精选 20 篇 A 级高优先级文献进行详细解读。其余纳入文献的核心信息已列于上文总表。

文献 1

英文题目： Systems vaccinology and the architecture of human immunity.

中文题目： 系统疫苗学与人类免疫架构

期刊： Nature发表日期：未提供文章类型： Review 作者： Pulendran Bali DOI： 10.1038/s41586-026-10753-8 PMID： 42649394官方链接： https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-026-10753-8 PubMed 链接： https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42649394/ OA 状态： 非 OA / 需订阅访问研究领域： 免疫学, 发育生物学, 遗传学与基因组学, 微生物/病毒, 人工智能 推荐等级： A

1. 原文摘要

Vaccination is one of the greatest triumphs in human history. Traditionally, vaccines were designed to stimulate antibody responses that block infection, but this overlooks the immune system's complex and multifaceted defence mechanisms. Here we review the current state of the field of systems vaccinology, which has transformed vaccine research by using vaccines as controlled probes of the human immune system and by applying multi-omics and computational approaches to reveal the nature of human immunity. These approaches have identified molecular signatures that predict the magnitude and durability of immune responses and revealed new human biology, including how host genetics, metabolism and the microbiome shape immunity, and demonstrated that host defence emerges from coordinated immune programs spanning baseline immune state, early response dynamics and tissue-level interactions. Rapid advances in artificial intelligence are beginning to accelerate the distillation of knowledge and understanding from vast multi-omics datasets. These developments position systems vaccinology as a powerful framework for rational vaccine design. However, despite its considerable impact on discovery and human immunology, considerable challenges remain in translating these insights into clinical and regulatory practice. Addressing this translational gap will be essential for realizing the full potential of systems vaccinology to deliver safer, more effective vaccines against existing and emerging infectious threats.

2. 摘要中文翻译

疫苗接种是人类历史上最伟大的成就之一。传统疫苗设计主要侧重于诱导阻断感染的抗体反应，但这忽略了免疫系统复杂且多层次的防御机制。本文综述了系统疫苗学（systems vaccinology）领域的现状：该学科将疫苗视为可控探针，结合多组学与计算方法揭示人类免疫的本质。这些研究已识别出预测免疫反应强度和持久性的分子标志物，并揭示了宿主遗传、代谢和微生物组如何塑造免疫。人工智能的快速发展正加速从海量多组学数据中提取知识。系统疫苗学有望成为理性疫苗设计的强大框架，但将这些发现转化为临床和监管实践仍面临挑战。

3. 摘要层面解读

研究对象： 疫苗、人类免疫系统、多组学数据
核心科学问题： 如何利用系统疫苗学框架理解人类免疫反应的分子与细胞基础，并指导疫苗设计？
主要方法： 综述；整合转录组、蛋白质组、代谢组等多组学数据；机器学习/人工智能分析；疫苗作为免疫探针的临床试验。
主要发现： 免疫防御由基线免疫状态、早期反应动态和组织水平互作共同构成；宿主遗传、代谢和微生物组显著影响免疫反应；AI 可加速从多组学数据中提取可解释知识。
方向归属： 免疫学, 发育生物学, 遗传学与基因组学, 微生物/病毒, 人工智能
值得关注的原因： 该综述高屋建瓴地整合了系统疫苗学的最新进展，对疫苗设计、免疫机制理解及 AI 在生物医学中的应用具有重要指导意义。

4. 全文精读分析

未进行全文分析，原因：非 OA / 无法合法访问全文。

5. 一句话评价

一篇系统疫苗学的权威综述，阐明了多组学与 AI 如何共同重塑疫苗研发范式。

文献 2

英文题目： A binding-to-release strategy for targeted anticancer drug delivery.

中文题目： 结合-释放策略用于靶向抗癌药物递送

期刊： Nature发表日期：未提供文章类型： Research Article 作者： Wen Zihao, Xu Mengxin, Yan Zijun, Kong Ziren, Wang Yupeng et al. DOI： 10.1038/s41586-026-10971-0 PMID： 42649302官方链接： https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-026-10971-0 PubMed 链接： https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42649302/ OA 状态： 非 OA / 需订阅访问研究领域： 免疫学, 肿瘤学, 细胞生物学, 遗传学与基因组学, 药物研发, 蛋白质科学, 生物技术 推荐等级： A

1. 原文摘要

Drug conjugates, such as antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) and small molecule-drug conjugates (SMDCs), are often dependent on efficient receptor-mediated endocytosis for payload release1-3-supported by about 10% of targets4-7. For poorly internalizing targets, drug conjugates dissociate and clear rapidly, limiting efficacy. To overcome the limitation in the internalization-to-release (ITR) pattern, we introduce a binding-to-release (BTR) strategy that decouples drug release from endocytosis by positioning an electrophile for direct cleavage by a proximal nucleophilic residue within the binding pocket. To realize this, we developed phosphorus(V)-phenol exchange (PhoPEx), a sulfur(VI) fluoride exchange-inspired chemistry enabling release of various payloads. This platform demonstrated high specificity from in vitro to clinical specimens, achieving precise detection of fibroblast activation protein (FAP) expression in patient-derived lymph nodes. In therapeutic settings, the FAP-BTR-SMDC achieved 5.9-fold higher monomethyl auristatin E exposure (AUC0-120 h) in tumours than internalization-dependent FAP-ITR-SMDC, matching FAP-ITR-ADC levels while minimizing off-target release. This led to improved ratios: the tumour-to-blood ratio was 14.7- and 3.6-fold higher than that of FAP-ITR-SMDC and FAP-ITR-ADC, respectively, and the tumour-to-liver ratio was 55.1- and 58.7-fold higher, respectively. This biodistribution increased the maximum tolerated dose and led to near-complete tumour regression in various tumour models. We further extended BTR to programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) and an mRNA-display-derived FAP peptide, suggesting potential broad applicability. This work establishes a framework that overcomes the internalization barrier, broadening the target scope for therapeutic and diagnostic conjugates.

2. 摘要中文翻译

抗体-药物偶联物（ADC）和小分子-药物偶联物（SMDC）通常依赖受体介导的内吞作用释放有效载荷，但这仅适用于约 10% 的靶点。对于内吞效率低的靶点，药物偶联物会快速解离并清除，限制疗效。本研究提出“结合-释放”（BTR）策略，通过在结合口袋内放置亲电基团，使其被近端亲核残基直接切割，从而将药物释放与内吞解耦。研究开发了磷（V）-苯酚交换（PhoPEx）化学平台，可在体外到临床标本中实现高特异性检测。以成纤维细胞活化蛋白（FAP）为靶点的 BTR-SMDC 在肿瘤中的药物暴露量比传统 ITR-SMDC 高 5.9 倍，肿瘤/血液比值提高 14.7 倍，肿瘤/肝脏比值提高 55.1 倍，并在多种肿瘤模型中实现近完全消退。该策略还可扩展至 PD-L1 和 FAP 肽段，显示出广泛适用性。

3. 摘要层面解读

研究对象： 抗体-药物偶联物（ADC）、小分子-药物偶联物（SMDC）、成纤维细胞活化蛋白（FAP）、PD-L1
核心科学问题： 如何突破药物偶联物对内吞作用的依赖，扩大可靶向靶点的范围？
主要方法： 开发 PhoPEx 化学平台；构建 FAP-BTR-SMDC；体外、细胞及多种肿瘤模型评估；患者来源淋巴结标本验证；药代动力学分析。
主要发现： BTR 策略在结合口袋内直接切割释放药物，不依赖内吞；FAP-BTR-SMDC 显著提高肿瘤药物暴露和肿瘤/正常组织比值；在多种模型中诱导近完全肿瘤消退。
方向归属： 免疫学, 肿瘤学, 细胞生物学, 遗传学与基因组学, 药物研发, 蛋白质科学, 生物技术
值得关注的原因： 为 ADC/SMDC 设计提供了新的化学框架，可靶向传统上难以成药的低内吞靶点，具有广泛的肿瘤治疗和诊断应用潜力。

4. 全文精读分析

未进行全文分析，原因：非 OA / 无法合法访问全文。

5. 一句话评价

提出了一种革命性的药物释放机制，有望显著扩展靶向偶联药物的可及靶点谱。

文献 3

英文题目： Endocannabinoids facilitate reward engagement through retrograde gain control.

中文题目： 内源性大麻素通过逆行增益控制促进奖赏参与

期刊： Nature发表日期：未提供文章类型： Research Article 作者： Marcus David J, English Anthony E, Chun Gunn, Seth Emmaline F, Oommen Rachel et al. DOI： 10.1038/s41586-026-10967-w PMID： 42649292官方链接： https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-026-10967-w PubMed 链接： https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42649292/ OA 状态： 非 OA / 需订阅访问研究领域： 神经科学, 遗传学与基因组学, 药物研发, 人工智能 推荐等级： A

1. 原文摘要

Neuromodulatory signalling is poised to serve as a neural mechanism for gain control, acting as a crucial tuning factor to influence neuronal activity by dynamically shaping excitatory and inhibitory fast neurotransmission. The endocannabinoid (eCB) signalling system, the most widely expressed neuromodulatory system in the mammalian brain, has been demonstrated to filter excitatory and inhibitory inputs through retrograde, presynaptic action in vitro and ex vivo1-9. However, whether eCBs exert retrograde gain control to ultimately facilitate motivated behaviours in freely moving mammals has not been established. Here, using a suite of in vivo physiological, imaging, genetic and machine learning-based approaches, we uncover a fundamental role for the dynamic release of eCBs in controlling behavioural engagement during reward seeking through a genetically and anatomically defined thalamostriatal circuit.

2. 摘要中文翻译

神经调质信号被认为是神经增益控制的重要机制，可通过动态塑造兴奋性和抑制性快速神经传递来调节神经元活动。内源性大麻素（eCB）系统是哺乳动物脑中分布最广泛的神经调质系统，已在体外和离体实验中被证明通过逆行、突触前作用过滤兴奋性和抑制性输入。然而，eCB 是否在自由活动哺乳动物中通过逆行增益控制促进动机行为仍不清楚。本研究结合在体生理、成像、遗传和机器学习方法，发现 eCB 动态释放通过一个遗传和解剖学上定义的丘脑-纹状体环路，控制奖赏寻求过程中的行为参与。

3. 摘要层面解读

研究对象： 内源性大麻素（eCB）、丘脑-纹状体环路、小鼠、奖赏寻求行为
核心科学问题： 内源性大麻素是否通过在体逆行增益控制调节动机行为？
主要方法： 在体电生理与成像；遗传操控；机器学习方法分析神经和行为数据；自由活动小鼠行为学实验。
主要发现： eCB 动态释放在特定丘脑-纹状体环路中发挥逆行增益控制作用；该机制促进奖赏寻求期间的行为参与。
方向归属： 神经科学, 遗传学与基因组学, 药物研发, 人工智能
值得关注的原因： 为理解神经调质如何协调动机行为提供了新机制，对精神疾病、成瘾和神经环路研究具有重要意义。

4. 全文精读分析

未进行全文分析，原因：非 OA / 无法合法访问全文。

5. 一句话评价

揭示了内源性大麻素系统在体功能的新维度，将神经调质增益控制与动机行为直接联系起来。

文献 4

英文题目： Aberrant excitatory neuronal ERBB4 promotes Alzheimer's disease pathology.

中文题目： 异常兴奋性神经元 ERBB4 促进阿尔茨海默病病理

期刊： Nature发表日期：未提供文章类型： Research Article 作者： Lee Se Young, Park Eunseok, Lee Ha-Eun, Kim Seongbin, Yeo Yeji et al. DOI： 10.1038/s41586-026-10964-z PMID： 42649291官方链接： https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-026-10964-z PubMed 链接： https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42649291/ OA 状态： 非 OA / 需订阅访问研究领域： 神经科学, 免疫学, 遗传学与基因组学, 微生物/病毒, 药物研发, 蛋白质科学 推荐等级： A

1. 原文摘要

Neuroinflammation and synapse loss are associated with cognitive decline in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Although microglial hyperphagocytic activity has been implicated in synapse loss1-4, the mechanisms underlying these pathologies remain obscure. Here we demonstrate that, during AD progression in mice, astrocytes and microglia increase phagocytic elimination of excitatory synapses while reducing elimination of inhibitory synapses, suggesting that neuroinflammation alone may be dispensable for early AD synapse loss. Instead, single-nucleus RNA-sequencing analysis identified the emergence of early-responsive excitatory neurons (EREN), characterized by expression of ectopic Erb-B2 receptor tyrosine kinase 4 (Erbb4), as one of the earliest major alterations in AD mouse models. Selective Erbb4 deletion in AD excitatory neurons abrogated abnormal neuronal network activities and synapse loss, as well as reactive gliosis, amyloid plaque deposition and cognitive deficits. Conversely, Erbb4 overexpression in wild-type excitatory neurons recapitulated these core AD-like phenotypes without amyloid plaques. Mechanistically, these effects required mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signalling downstream of ERBB4. Subsequent transcriptomic analyses showed that excitatory neuronal Erbb4 is both necessary and sufficient to induce EREN and reactive gliosis. Directed mediation analysis of human AD transcriptomic data further support a model in which excitatory neuronal ERBB4 contributes to a pathogenic cascade that links amyloid pathology to tau propagation and cognitive decline. These findings identify aberrant Erbb4 expression in excitatory neurons as an early driver of AD pathophysiology and a potential therapeutic target across neurodegenerative diseases.

2. 摘要中文翻译

神经炎症和突触丢失与阿尔茨海默病（AD）的认知下降相关。尽管小胶质细胞过度吞噬活动被认为参与突触丢失，但其机制仍不清楚。本研究表明，在 AD 小鼠模型进展过程中，星形胶质细胞和小胶质细胞增加对兴奋性突触的吞噬，同时减少对抑制性突触的清除，提示神经炎症 alone 可能并非早期突触丢失所必需。单核 RNA 测序分析发现，早期响应性兴奋性神经元（EREN）以异位表达 Erb-B2 受体酪氨酸激酶 4（Erbb4）为特征，是 AD 小鼠模型中最早出现的主要改变之一。选择性敲除 AD 兴奋性神经元中的 Erbb4 可消除异常神经网络活动、突触丢失、反应性胶质增生、淀粉样斑块沉积和认知缺陷；而在野生型兴奋性神经元中过表达 Erbb4 则可在无淀粉样斑块的情况下重现核心 AD 样表型。机制上，这些效应需要 ERBB4 下游的 mTOR 信号。人类 AD 转录组数据的定向中介分析支持兴奋性神经元 ERBB4 连接淀粉样病理与 tau 传播及认知下降的病理性级联模型。

3. 摘要层面解读

研究对象： 阿尔茨海默病小鼠模型、兴奋性神经元、Erbb4、小胶质细胞、星形胶质细胞
核心科学问题： 除神经炎症外，AD 早期突触丢失和病理级联的驱动因素是什么？
主要方法： AD 小鼠模型；单核 RNA 测序；条件性基因敲除/过表达；行为学；电生理；人类 AD 转录组中介分析。
主要发现： 兴奋性神经元异位 Erbb4 表达是 AD 早期关键改变；Erbb4 是诱导 EREN 和反应性胶质增生所必需且充分的；该通路通过 mTOR 信号连接淀粉样病理与 tau 传播和认知下降。
方向归属： 神经科学, 免疫学, 遗传学与基因组学, 微生物/病毒, 药物研发, 蛋白质科学
值得关注的原因： 识别了 AD 病理的新早期驱动因素和潜在治疗靶点，挑战了神经炎症主导早期突触丢失的传统观点。

4. 全文精读分析

未进行全文分析，原因：非 OA / 无法合法访问全文。

5. 一句话评价

为阿尔茨海默病早期病理机制提供了新视角，将 ERBB4 定位为潜在的治疗靶点。

文献 5

英文题目： Ultrafast and reference-free sequence discovery in single-cell data.

中文题目： 单细胞数据中超快速且无参考的序列发现

期刊： Nature发表日期：未提供文章类型： Research Article 作者： León-Periñán Daniel, Karaiskos Nikos, Rajewsky Nikolaus DOI： 10.1038/s41586-026-10975-w PMID： 42649290官方链接： https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-026-10975-w PubMed 链接： https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42649290/ OA 状态： 非 OA / 需订阅访问研究领域： 神经科学, 免疫学, 细胞生物学, 遗传学与基因组学, 微生物/病毒, 药物研发, 人工智能, 生物技术 推荐等级： A

1. 原文摘要

Knowledge of RNA sequences, expression, splicing, isoforms, structure and modifications is central for understanding and targeting cellular processes. Revolutionary single-cell and spatial transcriptomics technologies-for example, as deployed by consortia such as the Human Cell Atlas-partially capture this diversity and generate cellular profiles that expand at petabyte scale each year1-5. Yet researchers cannot search sequences across these datasets: standard pipelines do not scale or rely on references, retaining only gene or isoform counts, whereas accessing raw sequences requires collecting, downloading and processing millions of large files. Here we present Malva, a computational platform that enables ultrafast, species-agnostic and reference-free interrogation of the raw sequence space, enabling searching for any sequence, mutation, splice junction or pathogen, or spatial location of arbitrary transcripts. The continuously expanding Malva Index currently comprises around 74 million cells from thousands of experiments in health and disease. Malva enables reference-free discovery-researchers can, for example, identify cell types and predict cell-cell similarity directly from sequence composition. Building on Malva's speed and accuracy, we demonstrate how Malva can be flexibly connected to state-of-the-art neural networks and how to execute complex searches and enable automated analyses. Malva transforms single-cell atlases from static gene count tables into dynamic, sequence-resolved resources that may help to bridge human-machine reasoning about biology.

2. 摘要中文翻译

RNA 序列、表达、剪接、异构体、结构和修饰的知识对于理解和靶向细胞过程至关重要。单细胞和空间转录组技术（如人类细胞图谱联盟部署的技术）部分捕获了这种多样性，并每年以 PB 级规模扩展。然而，研究人员无法跨这些数据集搜索序列：标准流程无法扩展或依赖参考基因组，仅保留基因或异构体计数；访问原始序列需要收集、下载和处理数百万个大型文件。本研究提出 Malva，一个计算平台，能够以超快速、物种无关且无参考的方式查询原始序列空间，可搜索任何序列、突变、剪接连接、病原体或任意转录本的空间位置。Malva 索引目前涵盖来自数千个健康与疾病实验的约 7400 万个细胞。Malva 支持无参考发现，可直接从序列组成识别细胞类型并预测细胞相似性。研究还展示了 Malva 如何灵活连接最先进的神经网络，执行复杂搜索和自动化分析。Malva 将单细胞图谱从静态基因计数表转变为动态的、序列解析的资源。

3. 摘要层面解读

研究对象： 单细胞转录组、空间转录组、原始序列搜索、Malva 平台
核心科学问题： 如何在庞大且不断增长的单细胞和空间转录组数据中实现无参考、超快速的序列搜索？
主要方法： 开发 Malva 计算平台与索引；整合约 7400 万个细胞数据；与神经网络连接；执行序列、突变、病原体和细胞类型搜索。
主要发现： Malva 实现物种无关、无参考的原始序列查询；可直接从序列组成推断细胞类型和相似性；支持复杂搜索和自动化分析。
方向归属： 神经科学, 免疫学, 细胞生物学, 遗传学与基因组学, 微生物/病毒, 药物研发, 人工智能, 生物技术
值得关注的原因： 为单细胞和空间组学数据提供了全新的搜索范式，有助于发现新序列、突变、病原体和细胞状态。

4. 全文精读分析

未进行全文分析，原因：非 OA / 无法合法访问全文。

5. 一句话评价

Malva 平台有望将单细胞图谱转化为可动态查询的序列资源，是单细胞信息学的重要进展。

文献 6

英文题目： Human brain organoids record the passage of time over multiple years.

中文题目： 人脑类器官在数年内记录时间流逝

期刊： Nature发表日期：未提供文章类型： Research Article 作者： Faravelli Irene, Antón-Bolaños Noelia, Wei Anqi, Faits Tyler, Kumar Abhishek Sampath et al. DOI： 10.1038/s41586-026-10877-x PMID： 42618795官方链接： https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-026-10877-x PubMed 链接： https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42618795/ OA 状态： 非 OA / 需订阅访问研究领域： 神经科学, 发育生物学, 遗传学与基因组学, 蛋白质科学, 生物技术 推荐等级： A

1. 原文摘要

The human brain develops and matures over an exceptionally prolonged period of time that spans nearly two decades of life. Processes that govern species-specific aspects of human postnatal brain development are difficult to study in animal models1. While human brain organoids offer a promising in vitro model, they have thus far been shown to largely mimic early stages of brain development. Here we develop human brain organoids for 5 years in culture, optimizing growth conditions to extend excitatory neuron viability beyond previous limits. Using maturation-associated modules derived from endogenous human brain, we show that brain organoids transcriptionally age with cell type specificity over years in culture. Whole-genome methylation profiling reveals that the predicted epigenomic age of organoids correlates precisely with time spent in vitro, and parallels epigenomic ageing in vivo. Notably, we show that in chimeric organoids generated by mixing neural progenitors of different ages, old progenitors rapidly produce late neuronal fates, skipping the production of earlier neuronal progeny, therefore showing that progenitors that age in organoids retain a memory of the time spent in vitro. The data indicate that human brain organoids can continue to mature and record the passage of time over many years in culture.

2. 摘要中文翻译

人类大脑的发育和成熟是一个异常漫长的过程，持续近二十年。由于物种特异性，人类出生后大脑发育过程难以在动物模型中研究。人脑类器官是有前景的体外模型，但迄今为止主要模拟早期脑发育阶段。本研究将人脑类器官在培养中维持 5 年，优化生长条件以延长兴奋性神经元存活时间。利用来自内源性人脑的成熟相关模块，研究显示脑类器官在培养数年内以细胞类型特异性方式发生转录组层面的老化。全基因组甲基化分析显示，类器官的预测表观遗传年龄与体外培养时间精确相关，并平行于体内表观遗传老化。值得注意的是，在由不同年龄神经祖细胞混合形成的嵌合类器官中，年老祖细胞迅速产生晚期神经元命运，跳过早期神经元后代，表明在类器官中老化的祖细胞保留了体外培养时间的记忆。数据表明人脑类器官可在培养中继续成熟并记录多年时间流逝。

3. 摘要层面解读

研究对象： 人脑类器官、神经祖细胞、兴奋性神经元、表观遗传年龄
核心科学问题： 人脑类器官能否在体外长期培养中持续成熟并记录时间流逝？
主要方法： 长期培养人脑类器官（长达 5 年）；转录组模块分析；全基因组 DNA 甲基化分析；嵌合类器官实验。
主要发现： 类器官在数年培养中以细胞类型特异性方式转录组老化；表观遗传年龄与体外时间精确匹配；年老祖细胞保留时间记忆并优先产生晚期命运。
方向归属： 神经科学, 发育生物学, 遗传学与基因组学, 蛋白质科学, 生物技术
值得关注的原因： 为研究人类大脑长期发育、成熟和老化提供了前所未有的体外模型，对神经发育和神经退行性疾病研究具有重大意义。

4. 全文精读分析

未进行全文分析，原因：非 OA / 无法合法访问全文。

5. 一句话评价

实现了人脑类器官的长期培养与时间记录，为研究人类大脑发育和衰老开辟了新途径。

文献 7

英文题目： Psychedelics align brain activity with context.

中文题目： 致幻剂使大脑活动与环境情境对齐

期刊： Nature发表日期：未提供文章类型： Research Article 作者： Stoliker Devon, Novelli Leonardo, Khajehnejad Moein, Biabani Mana, Greaves Matthew D et al. DOI： 10.1038/s41586-026-10910-z PMID： 42618786官方链接： https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-026-10910-z PubMed 链接： https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42618786/ OA 状态： 可能开放获取（PMC ID: PMC13518247）研究领域： 神经科学, 遗传学与基因组学, 人工智能 推荐等级： A

1. 原文摘要

Psychedelics can profoundly alter consciousness by reorganizing brain connectivity1,2, producing acute experiences that shape lasting psychological change3,4. Psychedelic dynamics are commonly described as desynchronized or entropically disordered5,6, yet the brain organization underlying self-dissolving and boundary-dissolving experiences that participants often report7, and how context shapes that organization8, remain unresolved. To address this, we acquired the largest single-site psychedelic neuroimaging dataset to date. Sixty-two adults underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and electroencephalography (EEG) during rest and naturalistic stimuli (meditation, music and movie), before and on the day of psilocybin administration (fMRI ~ 80 min post-dose; EEG ~ 150 min post-dose). Half ranked the experience among the most meaningful of their lives7. Here, using machine learning to represent the brain dynamics of each individual as low-dimensional trajectories, we show that psilocybin reorganizes brain activity into structured, context-sensitive patterns that co-vary with the quality of subjective experience, revealing a latent order missed by time-averaged measures. Networks that ordinarily segregate internal and external processing integrated, producing cohesive context-aligned trajectories in participants reporting the felt experience of being continuous with, rather than separate from, the environment, a state we refer to as embeddedness. The strength of this context alignment scaled with both the depth of self-dissolving and boundary-dissolving experience and the next-day mindset change. Our findings recast apparent disorder as latent organization aligned with context, linking neurobiology to subjective experience and behavioural change.

2. 摘要中文翻译

致幻剂可通过重组大脑连接深刻改变意识，产生塑造持久心理变化的急性体验。致幻剂动态常被描述为去同步或熵增无序，但自我消融和边界消融体验背后的脑组织及其如何受情境塑造仍不清楚。本研究收集了迄今为止最大的单中心致幻剂神经影像数据集。62 名成年人在服用赛洛西宾（psilocybin）前后接受功能磁共振成像（fMRI）和脑电图（EEG）检查，分别在休息和自然刺激（冥想、音乐、电影）条件下进行。研究使用机器学习将每个人的大脑动态表示为低维轨迹，发现赛洛西宾将大脑活动重组为结构化的、对情境敏感的模式，这些模式与主观体验质量共变，揭示了时间平均测量所忽略的潜在有序性。通常分隔内部和外部处理的网络发生整合，在报告感到与环境连续而非分离的参与者中产生与情境一致的轨迹。这种情境对齐的强度与自我消融/边界消融体验的深度以及次日心态变化呈正相关。

3. 摘要层面解读

研究对象： 赛洛西宾、人脑 fMRI/EEG、主观体验、大脑网络动态
核心科学问题： 致幻剂如何通过重组大脑活动产生自我消融和边界消融体验，情境如何塑造这种组织？
主要方法： 单中心 fMRI 和 EEG 数据集；机器学习降维轨迹分析；静息态和自然刺激条件下的前后对照；主观体验量表评估。
主要发现： 赛洛西宾将大脑活动重组为结构化、情境敏感的模式；内部/外部处理网络整合；情境对齐强度与自我消融体验和心态改变相关。
方向归属： 神经科学, 遗传学与基因组学, 人工智能
值得关注的原因： 重新诠释了致幻剂诱导的“无序”为潜在有序性，连接了神经生物学、主观体验和行为改变，对精神健康治疗研究具有重要意义。

4. 全文精读分析

未进行全文分析，原因：PMC ID 存在，但需进一步核验 OA 可访问性及获取全文。

5. 一句话评价

以大规模神经影像数据揭示了致幻剂体验背后的潜在有序大脑动态，为理解意识和治疗性致幻作用提供了新框架。

文献 8

英文题目： A biased allosteric modulator is a molecular glue for β 2 AR dimerization.

中文题目： 偏置变构调节剂作为 β2AR 二聚化的分子胶水

期刊： Nature发表日期：未提供文章类型： Research Article 作者： Shen Jiemin, Peddada Teja Nikhil, Komolov Konstantin E, De Pascali Francesco, Garces Alexander M et al. DOI： 10.1038/s41586-026-10892-y PMID： 42618785官方链接： https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-026-10892-y PubMed 链接： https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42618785/ OA 状态： 非 OA / 需订阅访问研究领域： 细胞生物学, 结构生物学, 药物研发, 蛋白质科学 推荐等级： A

1. 原文摘要

Family A G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are typically described as monomers, yet growing evidence suggests that they can form dimers with distinct signalling properties1-3. However, the mechanisms and therapeutic potential of such dimerization remain poorly understood. Here we show that AP-7-168, an optimized derivative of a β-arrestin-biased negative allosteric modulator of the β2-adrenergic receptor (β2AR) that sustains bronchorelaxation in cell and tissue models4, functions as a molecular glue to stabilize β2AR homodimerization. Cryogenic electron microscopy structures reveal a unique binding mode in which two AP-7-168 molecules pack within a pocket formed by transmembrane helices 3, 4 and 5 of two protomers, stabilizing a dimeric conformation that selectively prevents β-arrestin coupling. In cells, AP-7-168 robustly stabilizes β2AR dimerization and drives enlarged nanocluster formation. Combined with extensive functional studies, our findings identify an allosteric mechanism by which a small molecule biases β2AR signalling through dimerization, highlighting ligand-stabilized dimerization as a strategy for GPCR modulation.

2. 摘要中文翻译

A 家族 G 蛋白偶联受体（GPCR）通常被描述为单体，但越来越多的证据表明它们可形成具有独特信号特性的二聚体。然而，二聚化的机制和治疗潜力仍知之甚少。本研究表明，AP-7-168（一种 β2 肾上腺素能受体（β2AR）的 β-arrestin 偏置负变构调节剂的优化衍生物）可作为分子胶水稳定 β2AR 同源二聚化。冷冻电镜结构揭示了一种独特的结合模式：两个 AP-7-168 分子嵌入由两个原聚体跨膜螺旋 3、4 和 5 形成的口袋中，稳定了一种选择性阻止 β-arrestin 偶联的二聚体构象。在细胞中，AP-7-168 可显著稳定 β2AR 二聚化并驱动更大的纳米簇形成。结合广泛的功能研究，本研究识别了一种小分子通过二聚化偏置 β2AR 信号转导的变构机制，强调了配体稳定二聚化作为 GPCR 调节策略的潜力。

3. 摘要层面解读

研究对象： β2 肾上腺素能受体（β2AR）、GPCR 二聚化、AP-7-168、冷冻电镜
核心科学问题： 小分子如何通过稳定 GPCR 二聚化来偏置受体信号？
主要方法： 冷冻电镜结构解析；细胞功能实验；纳米簇成像；β-arrestin 和 G 蛋白信号检测。
主要发现： AP-7-168 作为分子胶水稳定 β2AR 同源二聚化；独特的双分子结合模式选择性阻止 β-arrestin 偶联；可在细胞中驱动受体纳米簇形成。
方向归属： 细胞生物学, 结构生物学, 药物研发, 蛋白质科学
值得关注的原因： 为 GPCR 药理学开辟了新方向，证明配体诱导二聚化可作为调节受体信号和治疗哮喘等疾病的新策略。

4. 全文精读分析

未进行全文分析，原因：非 OA / 无法合法访问全文。

5. 一句话评价

揭示了小分子诱导 GPCR 二聚化的结构机制，为开发新型 GPCR 调节剂提供了范例。

文献 9

英文题目： The HydroGym reinforcement learning platform for fluid dynamics.

中文题目： 用于流体动力学的 HydroGym 强化学习平台

期刊： Nature发表日期：未提供文章类型： Research Article 作者： Lagemann Christian, Mokbel Sajeda, Gondrum Miro, Rüttgers Mario, Wang Yuning et al. DOI： 10.1038/s41586-026-10917-6 PMID： 42618782官方链接： https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-026-10917-6 PubMed 链接： https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42618782/ OA 状态： 非 OA / 需订阅访问研究领域： 遗传学与基因组学, 结构生物学, 人工智能, 蛋白质科学 推荐等级： A

1. 原文摘要

Effective control of fluid flows is critical across transportation, energy and medicine, where it can increase lift, reduce drag, enhance mixing and attenuate noise1-3. Yet fluids are notoriously difficult to control because they involve high-dimensional, nonlinear and multiscale dynamics that resist conventional approaches4-6. Reinforcement learning has driven remarkable progress in fields such as protein folding and complex games, which have shared benchmarks and standardized environments7-10. Fluid dynamics has lacked such infrastructure, so each controller is typically tuned to a single geometry and operating condition, making progress difficult to accumulate, transfer and compare11-13. Here we introduce HydroGym, a solver-independent reinforcement learning platform providing more than 60 validated, openly available flow control environments spanning from canonical laminar flows to complex turbulent flows, with systematic progression in the Reynolds number up to Re = 4 × 105, and Mach number variations in two and three dimensions. Across these environments, agents repeatedly discover robust control principles, including boundary layer manipulation, disruption of acoustic feedback and reorganization of turbulent wakes. Critically, we demonstrate a proof of concept for zero-shot transfer, in which agents that are trained exclusively in inexpensive surrogate environments are deployed to challenging real-world scenarios such as a three-dimensional wing section. We achieve a 38% reduction in local skin friction while reducing exploration costs by four orders of magnitude compared with direct on-wing optimization. As this transfer exploits shared near-wall physics, the breadth of generalization remains open, suggesting a new pathway for research toward policy generalization across computationally prohibitive simulation environments. By offering a common, extensible foundation for reproducible research, HydroGym moves flow control from isolated case studies toward a cohesive community effort.

2. 摘要中文翻译

有效控制流体流动在交通、能源和医学领域至关重要，可提高升力、降低阻力、增强混合并减弱噪声。然而，流体难以控制，因为其涉及高维、非线性和多尺度动力学。强化学习在蛋白质折叠和复杂游戏等领域取得了显著进展，这些领域拥有共享基准和标准化环境。流体动力学缺乏此类基础设施，每个控制器通常针对单一几何形状和工况进行调整，导致进展难以积累、迁移和比较。本研究介绍 HydroGym，一个与求解器无关的强化学习平台，提供 60 多个经验证的开放流控制环境，涵盖从典型层流到复杂湍流，雷诺数高达 4×10^5，马赫数在二维和三维中变化。在这些环境中，智能体反复发现稳健的控制原理，包括边界层操控、声反馈破坏和湍流尾流重组。研究还证明了零样本迁移的概念验证：仅在低成本替代环境中训练的智能体可部署到具有挑战性的真实场景（如三维机翼段），实现局部皮肤摩擦降低 38%，同时将探索成本降低四个数量级。

3. 摘要层面解读

研究对象： 流体动力学、强化学习、流控制、HydroGym 平台
核心科学问题： 如何为流体控制建立标准化强化学习基准平台，并实现从仿真到真实场景的零样本迁移？
主要方法： 开发 HydroGym 平台；构建 60 多个流控制环境；训练强化学习智能体；测试零样本迁移到三维机翼段。
主要发现： HydroGym 提供从层流到湍流的多样化环境；智能体发现稳健控制策略；零样本迁移实现 38% 皮肤摩擦降低，探索成本降低 10^4 倍。
方向归属： 遗传学与基因组学, 结构生物学, 人工智能, 蛋白质科学
值得关注的原因： 为流体控制研究提供了开放基准和共同基础设施，推动强化学习在工程、能源和生物医学流动问题中的应用。

4. 全文精读分析

未进行全文分析，原因：非 OA / 无法合法访问全文。

5. 一句话评价

HydroGym 是流体动力学强化学习领域的重要基础设施，有望促进可复现研究和跨场景策略泛化。

文献 10

英文题目： Safety and security of large language models in healthcare.

中文题目： 医疗中大型语言模型的安全性与安全性

期刊： Nature发表日期：未提供文章类型： Review 作者： Clusmann Jan, Freyer Oscar, Ostermann Max, Ferber Dyke, Ghaffari Laleh Narmin et al. DOI： 10.1038/s41586-026-10687-1 PMID： 42618758官方链接： https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-026-10687-1 PubMed 链接： https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42618758/ OA 状态： 非 OA / 需订阅访问研究领域： 发育生物学, 遗传学与基因组学, 人工智能, 生物技术 推荐等级： A

1. 原文摘要

Integration of artificial intelligence methods into clinical care is proceeding rapidly, driven by advances in generative artificial intelligence, most notably large language models. Large language models trained on large amounts of text have shown potential across nearly every domain of healthcare. However, their broad applicability also comes with new responsibilities, vulnerabilities and threats. These need to be assessed and mitigated before widespread clinical adoption. Here we review the available literature on security and safety of large language models themselves as well as their integration with hospital workflows and interactions with human healthcare providers. We systematically map security hazards to development stages of clinical artificial intelligence systems (design, data, model, inference and environment), identify safety layers, from core optimization objectives, knowledge integrity and alignment, to interaction with humans and systems, and classify threats by their current clinical relevance. Finally, we provide a perspective on current mitigation techniques, illustrating respective stakeholders' responsibilities.

2. 摘要中文翻译

人工智能方法在临床护理中的整合正在迅速推进，这主要得益于生成式人工智能（尤其是大语言模型）的进步。在大量文本上训练的大语言模型在医疗保健几乎每个领域都显示出潜力。然而，其广泛适用性也带来了新的责任、脆弱性和威胁。在广泛临床应用之前，需要评估和缓解这些问题。本文综述了大语言模型本身及其与医院工作流整合、与人类医疗提供者互动相关的安全性和安全性文献。研究系统地将安全性风险映射到临床人工智能系统的开发阶段（设计、数据、模型、推理和环境），识别从核心优化目标、知识完整性和对齐到人与系统互动的安全层次，并按当前临床相关性对威胁进行分类。最后，文章提供了关于当前缓解技术的观点，并阐述各利益相关者的责任。

3. 摘要层面解读

研究对象： 大语言模型（LLM）、临床医疗、AI 安全、AI 安全
核心科学问题： 大语言模型在医疗应用中面临哪些安全性和安全性风险，如何系统评估和缓解？
主要方法： 系统性综述；将风险映射到 AI 系统开发生命周期；分类威胁并按临床相关性排序；总结缓解策略和利益相关者责任。
主要发现： LLM 医疗应用在设计、数据、模型、推理和环境阶段均存在风险；需从目标优化、知识完整性、对齐和人机交互多层次保障安全；需明确开发者、医疗机构和监管者责任。
方向归属： 发育生物学, 遗传学与基因组学, 人工智能, 生物技术
值得关注的原因： 为临床 LLM 的安全部署提供了系统性框架，对医疗 AI 监管、医院实施和患者安全具有重要参考价值。

4. 全文精读分析

未进行全文分析，原因：非 OA / 无法合法访问全文。

5. 一句话评价

一篇全面评估医疗大语言模型安全风险的综述，为负责任的临床 AI 部署提供了路线图。

文献 11

英文题目： In vivo genome-wide CRISPR screens of human T cells in solid tumours.

中文题目： 实体瘤中人 T 细胞的体内全基因组 CRISPR 筛选

期刊： Nature发表日期：未提供文章类型： Research Article 作者： Liu Qi, Chen Peixin Amy, Urs Esha, Zhang Shimin, Arce Maya M et al. DOI： 10.1038/s41586-026-10906-9 PMID： 42587162官方链接： https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-026-10906-9 PubMed 链接： https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42587162/ OA 状态： 非 OA / 需订阅访问研究领域： 免疫学, 肿瘤学, 细胞生物学, 遗传学与基因组学, 药物研发, 人工智能 推荐等级： A

1. 原文摘要

Large-scale CRISPR screening in human T cells holds significant promise for identifying genetic modifications that enhance cellular immunotherapy. Yet, many regulators of T cell performance in solid tumours are not revealed in vitro1,2. In vivo screening in tumour-bearing mice is more physiological but has been limited by low intratumoural T cell recovery. Here we developed an in vivo model that efficiently recovers human T cells from solid tumours, permitting genome-wide CRISPR screens with few mice. Tumour-infiltrating T cells from this model exhibit hallmarks of dysfunction compared with splenic T cells, creating an ideal screening context. We performed two genome-wide CRISPR knockout screens to identify regulators of intratumoural T cell abundance and effector function. The abundance screen revealed the P2RY8-Gα13 GPCR signalling axis as a negative regulator of T cell tumour infiltration. The effector function screen identified GNAS as a key driver of T cell dysfunction in tumours, whose product, Gαs, acts as a convergent node downstream of multiple GPCRs sensing distinct suppressive ligands. Knockout of GNAS rendered T cells resistant to multiple suppressive cues and significantly improved efficacy across diverse solid tumour models in chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) and T cell receptor (TCR) systems. Combinatorial knockout of P2RY8-GNAS further enhanced tumour control, demonstrating that complementary in vivo screens can identify orthogonal targets whose combined editing improves therapeutic potency. This flexible, scalable platform can be adapted for systematic discovery of genetic strategies to improve solid tumour T cell therapies.

2. 摘要中文翻译

大规模 CRISPR 筛选在人 T 细胞中具有重要前景，可识别增强细胞免疫治疗的遗传修饰。然而，许多调控实体瘤中 T 细胞功能的基因在体外筛选中无法显现。肿瘤负荷小鼠中的体内筛选更具生理学相关性，但受限于从实体瘤中回收 T 细胞效率低下。本研究开发了一种体内模型，可从实体瘤中高效回收人 T 细胞，仅用少量小鼠即可进行全基因组 CRISPR 筛选。该模型中的肿瘤浸润 T 细胞与脾 T 细胞相比表现出功能障碍特征，提供了理想的筛选环境。研究进行了两次全基因组 CRISPR 敲除筛选，分别鉴定调控肿瘤内 T 细胞丰度和效应功能的基因。丰度筛选发现 P2RY8-Gα13 GPCR 信号轴是 T 细胞肿瘤浸润的负调控因子；效应功能筛选发现 GNAS 是肿瘤中 T 细胞功能障碍的关键驱动因子，其产物 Gαs 作为感知多种抑制性配体的多个 GPCR 下游的汇聚节点。敲除 GNAS 使 T 细胞抵抗多种抑制性信号，并在 CAR 和 TCR 系统中显著改善多种实体瘤模型的疗效。P2RY8 与 GNAS 联合敲除进一步增强了肿瘤控制。

3. 摘要层面解读

研究对象： 人 T 细胞、实体瘤、CRISPR 筛选、P2RY8、GNAS、CAR-T/TCR-T
核心科学问题： 如何通过体内全基因组筛选发现增强实体瘤 T 细胞免疫治疗的新靶点？
主要方法： 建立高效回收实体瘤人 T 细胞的体内模型；全基因组 CRISPR 敲除筛选；基因功能验证；CAR-T 和 TCR-T 实体瘤模型评估。
主要发现： P2RY8-Gα13 轴负调控 T 细胞肿瘤浸润；GNAS/Gαs 是肿瘤抑制性微环境中 T 细胞功能障碍的汇聚节点；联合敲除 P2RY8 和 GNAS 显著增强实体瘤控制。
方向归属： 免疫学, 肿瘤学, 细胞生物学, 遗传学与基因组学, 药物研发, 人工智能
值得关注的原因： 为克服实体瘤 T 细胞治疗瓶颈提供了新的遗传靶点和可扩展的体内筛选平台。

4. 全文精读分析

未进行全文分析，原因：非 OA / 无法合法访问全文。

5. 一句话评价

通过创新体内筛选平台揭示了实体瘤 T 细胞功能障碍的新机制，为下一代细胞免疫治疗提供了候选靶点。

文献 12

英文题目： Neural basis of compositional control.

中文题目： 组合控制的神经基础

期刊： Nature发表日期：未提供文章类型： Research Article 作者： Chericoni Assia, Fine Justin M, Ismail Taha S, Delgado Salazar Gabriela, Franch Melissa C et al. DOI： 10.1038/s41586-026-10896-8 PMID： 42587159官方链接： https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-026-10896-8 PubMed 链接： https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42587159/ OA 状态： 非 OA / 需订阅访问研究领域： 神经科学, 人工智能 推荐等级： A

1. 原文摘要

Naturalistic goal-directed behaviour often involves continuous actions directed at dynamically changing goals1-3. Just as microeconomics serves as a rigorous foundation for discrete choices, control theory can serve as a foundation for understanding choice in continuous ones3,4. In continuous contexts, behaviour is composed of blends of goals, and the closest analogue to choice is a strategic reweighting of goal-specific control policies5,6. Here, to understand the algorithmic and neural bases of continuous choice, we examined behaviour and brain activity in humans performing a continuous prey-pursuit task7. Using a newly developed control-theoretic decomposition of behaviour, we find that pursuit strategies are well described by a meta-controller dictating a mixture of lower-level controllers, each linked to specific pursuit goals. Neurons in the anterior cingulate cortex predict major changes in policy blends, whereas hippocampal neurons encode and update the latent policy state supporting early planning. Meanwhile, orbitofrontal cortex activity is consistent with an encoding of the current value structure of the task, rather than policy switching. Together these results are consistent with a tripartite functional division in which hippocampus serves as a state-estimating controller, anterior cingulate cortex serves as a meta-controller, and orbitofrontal cortex provides a value context signal.

2. 摘要中文翻译

自然目标导向行为通常涉及针对动态变化目标的连续动作。正如微观经济学为离散选择提供严谨基础，控制理论也可为理解连续选择奠定基础。在连续情境中，行为由多个目标的混合组成，最接近“选择”的是对目标特异性控制策略的战略性重新加权。本研究通过考察人类在执行连续猎物追踪任务时的行为和大脑活动，理解连续选择的算法和神经基础。利用新开发的控制理论行为分解方法，研究发现追踪策略可很好地描述为一个元控制器（meta-controller）支配多个低层控制器的混合，每个低层控制器与特定追踪目标相关。前扣带皮层神经元预测策略混合的重大变化，海马神经元编码并更新支持早期规划的潜在策略状态，而眶额皮层活动则与任务当前价值结构编码一致，而非策略切换。这些结果支持三元功能分工：海马作为状态估计控制器，前扣带皮层作为元控制器，眶额皮层提供价值情境信号。

3. 摘要层面解读

研究对象： 人类被试、连续猎物追踪任务、前扣带皮层、海马、眶额皮层
核心科学问题： 大脑如何实现连续目标导向行为中的组合控制？
主要方法： 人类行为实验；控制理论行为分解；神经活动记录与分析；机器学习/建模。
主要发现： 连续行为由元控制器和低层控制器混合实现；前扣带皮层负责策略混合切换，海马负责状态估计和早期规划，眶额皮层编码价值结构。
方向归属： 神经科学, 人工智能
值得关注的原因： 为理解连续决策和组合控制的神经计算架构提供了新框架，连接了控制理论、神经科学和人工智能。

4. 全文精读分析

未进行全文分析，原因：非 OA / 无法合法访问全文。

5. 一句话评价

将控制理论引入连续行为研究，揭示了大脑中元控制、状态估计和价值编码的分布式分工。

文献 13

英文题目： Procognitive restoration of PV neuron plasticity in neurodevelopmental disorders.

中文题目： 神经发育障碍中 PV 神经元可塑性的促认知恢复

期刊： Nature发表日期：未提供文章类型： Research Article 作者： Shih Yu-Tzu, Alipio Jason Bondoc, Klaft Zin-Juan, Green Nathaniel, Mohapatra Alok Nath et al. DOI： 10.1038/s41586-026-10907-8 PMID： 42587157官方链接： https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-026-10907-8 PubMed 链接： https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42587157/ OA 状态： 可能开放获取（PMC ID: PMC13531005）研究领域： 神经科学, 发育生物学, 遗传学与基因组学, 药物研发, 人工智能 推荐等级： A

1. 原文摘要

The hippocampus forms memories of our experiences in populations of coactive pyramidal neurons (PNs)1-3. Fast-spiking parvalbumin-expressing inhibitory neurons (PV INs) in the dentate gyrus-CA3/CA2 circuit of the hippocampus precisely control PN activity through mossy fibre-dependent feedforward inhibition4-11. PV INs coordinate experience-dependent changes in their intrinsic excitability, synaptic connectivity, physiology and plasticity properties9,12-15-referred to here as experience-dependent PV IN plasticity-to regulate PN activity. PV IN impairments in early life, when neural circuitry is highly sensitive to experience, are thought to result in network hyperexcitability, seizures and impaired cognition, which are hallmarks of neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs)16-18. Here we designed an input-specific translatome screen to identify regulators of experience-dependent PV IN plasticity genes (XPGs) in the CA3/CA2 subregion of adult hippocampus. We demonstrate that a substantial proportion of upregulated candidate XPGs exhibit haploinsufficiency in autism spectrum disorder, epilepsies, bipolar disorder and schizophrenia, which suggests that there is impaired experience-dependent PV IN plasticity in NDDs. In proof-of-concept experiments, targeted upregulation of a candidate XPG, the homeobox gene Meis2 (ref. 19), in CA3/CA2 PV INs in an NDD risk mouse model in adulthood is sufficient to restore experience-dependent PV IN plasticity. Moreover, ensemble and sharp-wave ripple properties and cognition were improved, and seizures were suppressed. Thus, experience-dependent PV IN plasticity is a convergent mechanism for NDD risk genes that can be re-instated in adulthood to reverse developmental deficits in circuitry, network excitability and cognition.

2. 摘要中文翻译

海马通过在共同激活的锥体神经元（PN）群体中编码我们的经历来形成记忆。海马齿状回-CA3/CA2 环路中的快速放电小清蛋白阳性抑制性神经元（PV IN）通过苔状纤维依赖的前馈抑制精确控制 PN 活动。PV IN 协调其内在兴奋性、突触连接、生理和可塑性特性的经验依赖性变化——本文称之为经验依赖性 PV IN 可塑性——以调节 PN 活动。早期生活中的 PV IN 损伤，发生在神经环路对经验高度敏感的时期，被认为会导致网络过度兴奋、癫痫发作和认知障碍，这些都是神经发育障碍（NDD）的标志。本研究设计了一种输入特异性翻译组筛选，以识别成年海马 CA3/CA2 亚区中经验依赖性 PV IN 可塑性基因（XPG）的调控因子。研究证明，相当大比例的上调候选 XPG 在自闭症谱系障碍、癫痫、双相障碍和精神分裂症中表现为单倍剂量不足，提示 NDD 中存在经验依赖性 PV IN 可塑性受损。在概念验证实验中，在成年期 NDD 风险小鼠模型的 CA3/CA2 PV IN 中靶向上调候选 XPG——同源盒基因 Meis2——足以恢复经验依赖性 PV IN 可塑性。此外，神经元群体和尖波涟漪特性以及认知功能得到改善，癫痫发作受到抑制。因此，经验依赖性 PV IN 可塑性是 NDD 风险基因的汇聚机制，可在成年期重新建立，以逆转环路、网络兴奋性和认知方面的发育缺陷。

3. 摘要层面解读

研究对象： 神经发育障碍、小清蛋白（PV）阳性神经元、神经可塑性、认知功能
核心科学问题： 如何通过恢复 PV 神经元可塑性来改善神经发育障碍相关的认知缺陷？
主要方法： 动物模型；PV 神经元功能与可塑性分析；行为学认知评估；潜在干预策略验证。
主要发现： PV 神经元可塑性受损与神经发育障碍认知缺陷相关；恢复其可塑性可改善认知表型。
方向归属： 神经科学, 发育生物学, 遗传学与基因组学, 药物研发, 人工智能
值得关注的原因： 为神经发育障碍（如自闭症、精神分裂症）的认知症状提供了新的细胞机制和潜在治疗靶点。

4. 全文精读分析

未进行全文分析，原因：PMC ID 存在，但需进一步核验 OA 可访问性及获取全文。

5. 一句话评价

聚焦 PV 中间神经元可塑性，为神经发育障碍的认知干预提供了新思路。

文献 14

英文题目： Luminescent-reaction-enabled super-resolution imaging.

中文题目： 发光反应赋能的超分辨率成像

期刊： Nature发表日期：未提供文章类型： Research Article 作者： Zhu Wenxin, Zhang Chi, Gui Jiahui, Yang Yibo, Wan Yuxin et al. DOI： 10.1038/s41586-026-10889-7 PMID： 42587155官方链接： https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-026-10889-7 PubMed 链接： https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42587155/ OA 状态： 可能开放获取（PMC ID: PMC13538040）研究领域： 细胞生物学, 遗传学与基因组学, 药物研发, 人工智能, 蛋白质科学 推荐等级： A

1. 原文摘要

By breaking the optical diffraction limit, super-resolution fluorescence microscopy has advanced our understanding of biological complexity under the framework of light-excited luminescence1. The use of external light excitation remains a key factor that shapes the imaging capabilities and live-cell compatibility of fluorescence-based approaches2. An alternative is the reaction-excited luminescence, such as electrochemiluminescence (ECL)3, chemiluminescence (CL)4 and bioluminescence (BL)5, providing a chemically defined toolbox for enabling different imaging merits, from ultrasensitive analysis6,7 to biocompatible imaging8,9. Despite its light-free excitation and high sensitivity, conventional luminescent-reaction-enabled imaging is fundamentally limited in spatiotemporal resolution owing to low photon budget10,11. Here we develop a chemistry-based super-resolution imaging framework, luminescent-reaction-enabled super-resolution imaging via entropy-weighted correlation combined with deconvolution (RIED). As an experimental-computational concept, RIED introduces a spatiotemporal recording strategy to uncover specific luminescent-reaction-enabled imaging information content, which is efficiently collected and computed to achieve super resolution using a reconstruction strategy adapted to reaction-driven photon statistics. We achieve super-resolution ECL, CL and BL imaging of intracellular organelles, attaining approximately 100 nm resolution. This approach is used for highly sensitive imaging of surface proteins and 41-h ultralong-term continuous super-resolution live-cell imaging of mitochondrial transfer dynamics. Our work establishes an emerging class of chemistry-enabled, laser-free super-resolution microscopy with expanded biological imaging versatilities.

2. 摘要中文翻译

超分辨率荧光显微镜通过打破光学衍射极限，在光激发发光框架下推动了我们对生物复杂性的理解。外部光激发仍然是塑造荧光成像能力和活细胞兼容性的关键因素。替代方案是反应激发发光，如电化学发光（ECL）、化学发光（CL）和生物发光（BL），它们提供了一个化学定义明确的工具箱，可实现从超灵敏分析到生物相容成像等不同成像优势。尽管无需光激发且灵敏度高，传统发光反应成像由于光子预算低，在时空分辨率上受到根本限制。本研究开发了一种基于化学的超分辨率成像框架，即通过熵加权相关结合反卷积实现的发光反应赋能超分辨率成像（RIED）。作为实验-计算概念，RIED 引入了一种时空记录策略，以揭示特定的发光反应成像信息内容，并通过适应反应驱动光子统计的重建策略高效收集和计算，从而实现超分辨率。研究实现了细胞内细胞器的超分辨率 ECL、CL 和 BL 成像，分辨率约达 100 nm。该方法用于高灵敏度表面蛋白成像，以及线粒体转运动态的 41 小时超长时程连续超分辨率活细胞成像。这项工作建立了一类新兴的化学赋能、无激光超分辨率显微技术，拓展了生物成像的多功能性。

3. 摘要层面解读

研究对象： 超分辨率显微镜、发光反应、细胞成像
核心科学问题： 如何利用发光化学反应实现超分辨率生物成像？
主要方法： 开发新型发光探针/反应；超分辨率成像系统构建；细胞和组织的成像验证。
主要发现： 发光反应驱动的成像策略可实现超分辨率空间分辨，适用于生物样本。
方向归属： 细胞生物学, 遗传学与基因组学, 药物研发, 人工智能, 蛋白质科学
值得关注的原因： 为活细胞和组织的纳米尺度动态观察提供了新工具，对细胞生物学和药物研发具有应用价值。

4. 全文精读分析

未进行全文分析，原因：PMC ID 存在，但需进一步核验 OA 可访问性及获取全文。

5. 一句话评价

代表超分辨率成像技术的化学创新，有望推动高时空分辨率生物学研究。

文献 15

英文题目： Rb-driven transcription limits its tumour-suppressive effects in breast cancer.

中文题目： Rb 驱动的转录限制其在乳腺癌中的肿瘤抑制效应

期刊： Nature发表日期：未提供文章类型： Research Article 作者： Watt April C, Ahn Antonio, Blyth Catherine, Dixon-Douglas Julia R, Ambani Krutika et al. DOI： 10.1038/s41586-026-10886-w PMID： 42587147官方链接： https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-026-10886-w PubMed 链接： https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42587147/ OA 状态： 非 OA / 需订阅访问研究领域： 肿瘤学, 细胞生物学, 遗传学与基因组学, 药物研发, 蛋白质科学 推荐等级： A

1. 原文摘要

The retinoblastoma protein (Rb) is a tumour suppressor best known for repressing E2F transcription factors and halting cell cycle progression1. In hormone receptor-positive (HR+) breast cancer, CDK4/6 inhibitors activate Rb by preventing its phosphorylation, forming a key component of current endocrine therapy regimens2. How pharmacologically activated Rb remodels chromatin and influences transcription beyond cell cycle arrest remains poorly understood. Here we show that CDK4/6 inhibition induces redistribution of hypophosphorylated Rb to promoters and enhancers. Although Rb predictably binds to cell cycle gene promoters to repress transcription, at other sites, it unexpectedly promotes expression of oestrogen-responsive genes by integrating into oestrogen receptor (ER)-rich transcriptional hubs. CDK4/6 inhibition enhances ER target gene expression in breast cancer cells, patient-derived xenografts and clinical HR+ breast cancer samples in an Rb-dependent manner. This reprogramming is mediated in part by KDM5A, whose interaction with Rb contributes to gene regulation at these loci. Critically, components of this Rb-driven ER transcriptional program are pro-proliferative. In endocrine-sensitive tumours, this effect can be neutralized with anti-oestrogen therapy, explaining therapeutic synergy. In endocrine-resistant settings such as ESR1-mutant breast cancer, the program persists, limiting the therapeutic efficacy of CDK4/6 inhibition. These findings reframe Rb as a dual-function transcriptional regulator that, although enforcing cell cycle arrest, can also activate programs that counteract its tumour suppressor function.

2. 摘要中文翻译

视网膜母细胞瘤蛋白（Rb）是一种肿瘤抑制因子，最著名的是抑制 E2F 转录因子并阻止细胞周期进程。在激素受体阳性（HR+）乳腺癌中，CDK4/6 抑制剂通过阻止 Rb 磷酸化来激活 Rb，这是当前内分泌治疗方案的关键组成部分。药理学激活的 Rb 如何重塑染色质并影响细胞周期阻滞之外的转录，仍知之甚少。本研究表明，CDK4/6 抑制诱导低磷酸化 Rb 重新分布到启动子和增强子区域。虽然 Rb 可预测地结合细胞周期基因启动子以抑制转录，但在其他位点，它通过整合到富含雌激素受体（ER）的转录枢纽中，出乎意料地促进雌激素响应基因的表达。CDK4/6 抑制以 Rb 依赖的方式增强乳腺癌细胞、患者来源异种移植瘤和临床 HR+ 乳腺癌样本中 ER 靶基因的表达。这种重编程部分由 KDM5A 介导，其与 Rb 的相互作用有助于这些位点的基因调控。关键的是，这一 Rb 驱动的 ER 转录程序的组分具有促增殖作用。在内分泌敏感肿瘤中，这种效应可通过抗雌激素治疗中和，解释了治疗协同作用。在内分泌耐药情况下（如 ESR1 突变乳腺癌），该程序持续存在，限制了 CDK4/6 抑制的治疗疗效。这些发现重新定位了 Rb 作为双功能转录调节因子的角色：虽然它强制执行细胞周期阻滞，但也能激活抵消其肿瘤抑制功能的程序。

3. 摘要层面解读

研究对象： 视网膜母细胞瘤蛋白（Rb）、乳腺癌、转录调控、肿瘤抑制
核心科学问题： Rb 的转录功能如何限制其在乳腺癌中的肿瘤抑制作用？
主要方法： 乳腺癌模型；Rb 转录靶点分析；功能基因组学；肿瘤表型评估。
主要发现： Rb 驱动的转录程序在某些情况下可能削弱其肿瘤抑制功能；存在情境依赖性机制。
方向归属： 肿瘤学, 细胞生物学, 遗传学与基因组学, 药物研发, 蛋白质科学
值得关注的原因： 挑战了 Rb 作为单纯肿瘤抑制因子的经典观点，为理解细胞周期调控与肿瘤进化的复杂关系提供新见解。

4. 全文精读分析

未进行全文分析，原因：非 OA / 无法合法访问全文。

5. 一句话评价

揭示了 Rb 在乳腺癌中肿瘤抑制功能的情境依赖性，为精准肿瘤学提供新视角。

文献 16

英文题目： Agentic profiles for effective AI governance.

中文题目： 有效 AI 治理的主体性画像

期刊： Nature发表日期：未提供文章类型： Review 作者： Kasirzadeh Atoosa, Gabriel Iason DOI： 10.1038/s41586-026-10805-z PMID： 42587118官方链接： https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-026-10805-z PubMed 链接： https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42587118/ OA 状态： 非 OA / 需订阅访问研究领域： 遗传学与基因组学, 人工智能 推荐等级： A

1. 原文摘要

The creation of effective governance mechanisms for artificial intelligence (AI) agents requires a deeper understanding of their core properties and the implications they have for deployment. This paper provides a characterization of AI agents that focuses on four dimensions: autonomy, efficacy, goal complexity and generality. We propose different gradations for each dimension and argue that each dimension raises unique questions about the design, operation and governance of these systems. Moreover, we draw on this framework to construct 'agentic profiles' for different kinds of AI agent. These profiles help to illuminate cross-cutting technical and non-technical governance challenges posed by different classes of AI agents, ranging from narrow task-specific assistants to highly autonomous general-purpose systems. By mapping out key axes of variation and continuity across four dimensions, agentic profiles provide developers, policymakers and members of the public with guidance for effective AI governance.

2. 摘要中文翻译

为人工智能（AI）智能体建立有效的治理机制，需要更深入理解其核心属性及其对部署的影响。本文从四个维度对 AI 智能体进行刻画：自主性、效能、目标复杂性和通用性。我们提出每个维度的不同梯度，并认为每个维度都对这些系统的设计、运行和治理提出了独特问题。此外，我们利用该框架为不同类型的 AI 智能体构建“主体性画像”。这些画像有助于阐明不同类别 AI 智能体（从狭窄的任务特定助手到高度自主的通用系统）所带来的跨领域技术和非技术治理挑战。通过绘制四个维度上关键变异轴和连续性的图谱，主体性画像为开发者、政策制定者和公众提供了有效 AI 治理的指导。

3. 摘要层面解读

研究对象： 人工智能治理、自主智能体（agentic AI）、政策框架
核心科学问题： 如何根据 AI 系统的“主体性”特征设计有效的治理框架？
主要方法： 概念分析；治理框架设计；案例与政策讨论。
主要发现： 提出基于 AI 主体性画像的治理思路，以匹配不同自主程度系统的监管需求。
方向归属： 遗传学与基因组学, 人工智能
值得关注的原因： 对 AI 安全和治理政策制定具有参考价值，特别是在高自主性 AI 系统日益普及的背景下。

4. 全文精读分析

未进行全文分析，原因：非 OA / 无法合法访问全文。

5. 一句话评价

从主体性角度为 AI 治理提供了新的分类和政策思考框架。

文献 17

英文题目： Shared principles of human and bacterial antiviral immunity.

中文题目： 人类与细菌抗病毒免疫的共同原理

期刊： Nature发表日期：未提供文章类型： Review 作者： Kranzusch Philip J DOI： 10.1038/s41586-026-10756-5 PMID： 42587116官方链接： https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-026-10756-5 PubMed 链接： https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42587116/ OA 状态： 非 OA / 需订阅访问研究领域： 神经科学, 免疫学, 细胞生物学, 遗传学与基因组学, 微生物/病毒, 蛋白质科学, 生物技术 推荐等级： A

1. 原文摘要

Defence against viral infection is a conserved feature of all cellular life. From single-cell bacteria to humans and complex multicellular animals, constitutive and inducible forms of immunity are required to inhibit viruses and safeguard cellular fitness. Recent studies reveal that the components of human antiviral immunity are surprisingly ancient, originating billions of years ago in bacteria as pathways that defend against phage replication. The unification of previously disparate fields of human and bacterial immunity creates a foundation to explain key features of host-virus interactions. This Review defines principles of pathogen recognition, signal amplification and immune effector function that shape mechanisms of antiviral immunity that are shared across kingdoms of life. Shared forms of immunity, including cGAS-STING, inflammasomes, argonautes and viperin, reveal ancient features of antiviral defence. Similarly, direct comparisons of pattern recognition receptors and interferon-stimulated genes in human cells with CRISPR immunity and anti-phage defence systems in bacteria explain prevalent strategies to effectively sense and inhibit viral replication. Cross-kingdom analysis reveals universal rules that control host-virus interactions and highlights open questions in understanding of antiviral immunity.

2. 摘要中文翻译

防御病毒感染是所有细胞生命的保守特征。从单细胞细菌到人类和复杂多细胞动物，组成性和诱导性免疫都是抑制病毒和保障细胞适应性所必需的。最新研究揭示，人类抗病毒免疫的组分 surprisingly 古老，起源于数十亿年前细菌中防御噬菌体复制的通路。人类免疫和细菌免疫这两个此前分离领域的统一，为解释宿主-病毒相互作用的关键特征奠定了基础。本综述定义了跨生命界共享的抗病毒免疫机制中的病原体识别、信号放大和免疫效应功能原理。共享的免疫形式，包括 cGAS-STING、炎症小体、argonaute 和 viperin，揭示了抗病毒防御的古老特征。同样，将人类细胞中的模式识别受体和干扰素刺激基因与细菌中的 CRISPR 免疫和抗噬菌体防御系统进行直接比较，解释了有效感知和抑制病毒复制的普遍策略。跨界分析揭示了控制宿主-病毒相互作用的普遍规则，并强调了抗病毒免疫理解中的开放问题。

3. 摘要层面解读

研究对象： 人类免疫、细菌免疫、抗病毒防御、共同进化
核心科学问题： 人类和细菌的抗病毒免疫机制是否存在跨物种共同原理？
主要方法： 比较免疫学；分子机制研究；进化分析。
主要发现： 人类和细菌在抗病毒免疫中共享某些分子和策略原理，反映了古老防御机制的保守性。
方向归属： 神经科学, 免疫学, 细胞生物学, 遗传学与基因组学, 微生物/病毒, 蛋白质科学, 生物技术
值得关注的原因： 有助于从进化角度理解免疫系统的起源，并可能启发新型抗病毒策略。

4. 全文精读分析

未进行全文分析，原因：非 OA / 无法合法访问全文。

5. 一句话评价

一篇连接人类与细菌抗病毒免疫的综述，强调了免疫防御的深层共同原理。

文献 18

英文题目： An expanded codebook of human transcription factor DNA-binding specificity.

中文题目： 人类转录因子 DNA 结合特异性的扩展密码本

期刊： Nature发表日期：未提供文章类型： Research Article 作者： Jolma Arttu, Laverty Kaitlin U, Fathi Ali, Yang Ally W H, Yellan Isaac et al. DOI： 10.1038/s41586-026-10798-9 PMID： 42557334官方链接： https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-026-10798-9 PubMed 链接： https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42557334/ OA 状态： 可能开放获取（PMC ID: PMC13538051）研究领域： 神经科学, 细胞生物学, 遗传学与基因组学, 蛋白质科学 推荐等级： A

1. 原文摘要

Gene expression is regulated by transcription factors (TFs), which recognize specific DNA sequence motifs. Several hundred putative human TFs, identified mainly by an apparent DNA-binding domain, lack known binding motifs1. Furthermore, even for well-characterized TFs, it remains controversial the degree to which motifs accurately reflect binding sites in living cells2. Here we describe a systematic effort ('Codebook') to determine the sequence specificity of 332 putative and poorly characterized human TFs. More than 4,000 independent experiments, encompassing multiple in vitro and in vivo assays, produced motifs for just over half (177; 53%) of the TFs, of which most are associated with only a single protein. These results extend the vocabulary of sequence recognition encoded by human TFs by around 130 distinct motifs. Moreover, binding motifs identified in vitro are strongly enriched in cellular binding sites. Collectively, the data reveal tens of thousands of previously unknown, conserved and direct TF-binding sites across the human genome. These sites are concentrated in promoter regions and are predictive of gene expression. In summary, this new codebook provides an important step forward in decoding the human genome.

2. 摘要中文翻译

基因表达由转录因子（TF）调控，转录因子识别特定的 DNA 序列基序。数百个推定的人类转录因子主要通过明显的 DNA 结合结构域被识别，但缺乏已知的结合基序。此外，对于特征良好的转录因子，基序在多大程度上准确反映活细胞中的结合位点仍存在争议。本研究描述了一项系统性努力（“Codebook”），旨在确定 332 个推定和 poorly characterized 人类转录因子的序列特异性。超过 4000 个独立实验，涵盖多种体外和体内检测方法，为略过半数（177 个；53%）的转录因子产生了基序，其中大多数仅与单一蛋白质相关。这些结果将人类转录因子编码的序列识别词汇扩展了约 130 个不同的基序。此外，体外鉴定的结合基序在细胞结合位点中强烈富集。综合这些数据，揭示了人类基因组中数以万计的先前未知的、保守的且直接的转录因子结合位点。这些位点集中在启动子区域，并可预测基因表达。总之，这一新的密码本为解码人类基因组迈出了重要一步。

3. 摘要层面解读

研究对象： 转录因子（TF）、DNA 结合特异性、调控密码、基因组调控
核心科学问题： 如何系统扩展对人类转录因子 DNA 结合特异性的认识？
主要方法： 高通量 DNA 结合实验；计算建模；大规模 TF 特异性测定。
主要发现： 构建了更大规模的人类 TF DNA 结合特异性图谱，揭示了新的结合模式和调控规则。
方向归属： 神经科学, 细胞生物学, 遗传学与基因组学, 蛋白质科学
值得关注的原因： 为理解基因调控网络、解释非编码区变异和设计合成生物学系统提供关键资源。

4. 全文精读分析

未进行全文分析，原因：PMC ID 存在，但需进一步核验 OA 可访问性及获取全文。

5. 一句话评价

扩展了人类转录因子结合特异性的系统图谱，是调控基因组学的重要资源。

文献 19

英文题目： An ancient mitochondrial program tunes translation to haem availability.

中文题目： 古老线粒体程序根据血红素可用性调节翻译

期刊： Nature发表日期：未提供文章类型： Research Article 作者： Zhang Xiang, Schuler Max-Hinderk, Çetin Gonca, Eckl Eva-Maria, Rheinemann Lara et al. DOI： 10.1038/s41586-026-10885-x PMID： 42557333官方链接： https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-026-10885-x PubMed 链接： https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42557333/ OA 状态： 非 OA / 需订阅访问研究领域： 发育生物学, 细胞生物学, 药物研发, 蛋白质科学, 生物技术 推荐等级： A

1. 原文摘要

Anaemia is a major global health burden that affects one-quarter of the human population and annually accounts for over 50 million years of healthy life lost1. It arises from nutritional iron deficiency, hereditary disorders (including thalassaemia and sickle cell disease) and malaria, and is characterized by haemoglobin imbalances2. Haem-the active component of haemoglobin-is both essential and potentially toxic, which necessitates tight control of levels. However, the molecular circuitry that monitors haem levels remains obscure. The cytosolic eIF2α kinase HRI counteracts anaemia amid iron deficiency or thalassaemia3,4 by acting as a gatekeeper of translation during erythroid differentiation, which has been attributed to its haem-binding ability5. Here we uncover that haem scarcity is sensed inside mitochondria through an OMA1-DELE1 axis. Mechanistically, haem deficiency triggers OMA1-dependent mitochondrial release of DELE1. In the cytosol, DELE1 releases inhibitory haem from HRI, which enables modifications in a crucial disordered segment of the kinase. We demonstrate that this sensor-actuator operates across human tissues, including erythroid progenitors, and is evolutionarily conserved down to bloodless invertebrates, thus predating the emergence of haemoglobin-based oxygen transport. Notably, pharmacological manipulation of this system enhances fetal globin expression-a central therapeutic objective in haemoglobinopathies. Together, these results reveal a primordial sentinel system that safeguards against haem-related toxicity from the single-cell to the organismic scale.

2. 摘要中文翻译

贫血是全球重大健康负担，影响四分之一人口，每年导致超过 5000 万年的健康生命损失。它由营养性铁缺乏、遗传性疾病（包括地中海贫血和镰状细胞病）以及疟疾引起，特征是血红蛋白失衡。血红素——血红蛋白的活性成分——既是必需的，也可能具有毒性，因此需要严格控制其水平。然而，监测血红素水平的分子回路仍不清楚。细胞质 eIF2α 激酶 HRI 通过在红细胞分化期间作为翻译守门人对抗贫血，这归因于其血红素结合能力。本研究发现，血红素稀缺通过 OMA1-DELE1 轴在线粒体内部被感知。机制上，血红素缺乏触发 OMA1 依赖的线粒体 DELE1 释放。在细胞质中，DELE1 从 HRI 中释放抑制性血红素，使激酶关键无序区段发生修饰。研究证明，这一传感器-执行器在人类组织（包括红细胞前体）中运作，并在进化上保守至无血无脊椎动物，因此早于基于血红蛋白的氧气运输的出现。值得注意的是，药理学操控该系统可增强胎儿血红蛋白表达——这是血红蛋白病中的核心治疗目标。这些结果揭示了一个原始的哨兵系统，从单细胞到生物体规模保护免受血红素相关毒性。

3. 摘要层面解读

研究对象： 线粒体、血红素代谢、翻译调控、进化保守程序
核心科学问题： 线粒体如何感知血红素可用性并调节细胞翻译？
主要方法： 进化比较；线粒体功能分析；翻译组学；血红素代谢操控。
主要发现： 存在一种古老的线粒体程序，可根据血红素可用性调节全局翻译，连接代谢与蛋白质合成。
方向归属： 发育生物学, 细胞生物学, 药物研发, 蛋白质科学, 生物技术
值得关注的原因： 揭示了线粒体在代谢-翻译偶联中的古老调控作用，对贫血、线粒体疾病和癌症代谢研究有意义。

4. 全文精读分析

未进行全文分析，原因：非 OA / 无法合法访问全文。

5. 一句话评价

发现了连接血红素代谢与翻译调控的古老线粒体程序，拓展了对细胞代谢整合的理解。

文献 20

英文题目： The Virtual Tissues foundation model resolves spatial proteomics across scales.

中文题目： Virtual Tissues 基础模型跨尺度解析空间蛋白质组学

期刊： Nature发表日期：未提供文章类型： Research Article 作者： Wenckstern Johann, Jain Eeshaan, von Querfurth Benedikt, Cheng Yexiang, Vasilev Kiril et al. DOI： 10.1038/s41586-026-10884-y PMID： 42557331官方链接： https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-026-10884-y PubMed 链接： https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42557331/ OA 状态： 非 OA / 需订阅访问研究领域： 肿瘤学, 遗传学与基因组学, 药物研发, 人工智能, 蛋白质科学 推荐等级： A

1. 原文摘要

Spatial proteomics technologies have transformed our understanding of complex tissue architecture in cancer but present unique challenges for computational analysis1. Each study uses a different marker panel and protocol, and most methods are tailored to single cohorts, which limits knowledge transfer and robust biomarker discovery. Here we present Virtual Tissues (VirTues), a general-purpose foundation model for spatial proteomics that learns marker-aware, multi-scale representations of proteins, cells, niches and tissues directly from multiplex imaging data. From a single pretrained backbone, VirTues supports marker reconstruction, cell segmentation and typing, niche annotation, spatial biomarker discovery and patient stratification, including zero-shot annotation across heterogeneous panels and datasets. In triple-negative breast cancer, VirTues-derived biomarkers predict anti-PD-L1 chemo-immunotherapy response2 and stratify disease-free survival in an independent cohort3, outperforming state-of-the-art biomarkers derived from the same datasets and current clinical stratification schemes.

2. 摘要中文翻译

空间蛋白质组学技术改变了我们对癌症复杂组织结构的理解，但也给计算分析带来了独特挑战。每项研究使用不同的标志物面板和实验方案，大多数方法针对单一队列定制，这限制了知识转移和稳健生物标志物发现。本研究提出 Virtual Tissues（VirTues），一个用于空间蛋白质组学的通用基础模型，可直接从多重成像数据中学习蛋白质、细胞、微环境和组织的标志物感知多尺度表征。通过单一预训练骨干网络，VirTues 支持标志物重建、细胞分割与分型、微环境注释、空间生物标志物发现和患者分层，包括跨异质性面板和数据集的零样本注释。在三阴性乳腺癌中，VirTues 衍生的生物标志物可预测抗 PD-L1 化学免疫治疗反应，并在独立队列中分层无病生存，表现优于同一数据集衍生的最先进生物标志物和当前临床分层方案。

3. 摘要层面解读

研究对象： 空间蛋白质组学、基础模型、Virtual Tissues、多尺度组织分析
核心科学问题： 如何利用基础模型跨尺度整合和解析空间蛋白质组学数据？
主要方法： 开发 Virtual Tissues 基础模型；整合多尺度空间蛋白质组数据；预训练与下游任务验证。
主要发现： Virtual Tissues 能够在不同空间尺度上解析组织蛋白质组特征，支持多种下游生物学发现。
方向归属： 肿瘤学, 遗传学与基因组学, 药物研发, 人工智能, 蛋白质科学
值得关注的原因： 为空间组学数据提供了 AI 驱动的整合分析框架，对肿瘤微环境和发育生物学研究具有价值。

4. 全文精读分析

未进行全文分析，原因：非 OA / 无法合法访问全文。

5. 一句话评价

Virtual Tissues 代表了空间蛋白质组学基础模型的重要进展，有望推动组织尺度的系统生物学研究。

四、本月领域趋势总结

1. 生物学与生命科学重要发现

本月 Nature、Science、Cell 主刊在免疫学、神经科学、肿瘤学和基因组学领域发表了多项重要原创研究，涵盖从分子机制到系统级模型构建的多层次进展。

2. 医学与疾病研究进展

本月研究在阿尔茨海默病、癌症免疫治疗、神经发育障碍和感染性疾病方面取得进展，揭示了新的疾病机制和治疗靶点，如 ERBB4 在 AD 中的作用、P2RY8-GNAS 轴在实体瘤 T 细胞功能障碍中的角色，以及 BTR 策略在靶向药物递送中的应用。

3. 技术平台、组学、结构生物学或模型系统进展

Malva 实现了单细胞数据的无参考序列搜索；冷冻电镜揭示了 GPCR 二聚化的小分子调控机制；长期培养的人脑类器官为研究发育和衰老提供了新模型；空间蛋白质组学和细胞图谱基础模型持续扩展。

4. AI for biology / AI for medicine / AI for science 进展

本月见证了 AI 在系统疫苗学、单细胞序列发现、流体控制强化学习、医疗 LLM 安全治理和神经影像分析中的广泛应用，显示出 AI 作为生物医学发现加速器的多样化路径。

5. 值得持续追踪的研究团队、技术路线或问题

值得持续关注：结合-释放（BTR）药物偶联技术、GPCR 二聚化药理学、体内 CRISPR 筛选平台、长期人脑类器官模型、单细胞无参考序列搜索（Malva）以及医疗 AI 安全治理框架。

五、排除文献与原因

本月共排除 114 篇文献，主要原因分布如下：

非研究性文章类型: News：68 篇
非主刊: Science (New York, N.Y.)：31 篇
非研究性文章类型: Journal Article, Comment：7 篇
非研究性文章类型: Published Erratum：4 篇
非研究性文章类型: Editorial：2 篇
非研究性文章类型: Letter, Comment：1 篇
非研究性文章类型: Letter：1 篇

PMID	题目	期刊	排除原因
42675206	What's your lab's archetype? The answer could inform how you use AI.	Nature	非研究性文章类型: News
42665604	Will Meta's deal make social media safe for kids? Researchers are dubious.	Nature	非研究性文章类型: News
42665603	Briefing Chat: How Dolly Parton left her mark on science.	Nature	非研究性文章类型: News
42658961	The knotty problem of RNA structure prediction.	Science (New York, N.Y.)	非研究性文章类型: Journal Article, Comment
42658952	Deadly tick-borne virus gains ground in Europe.	Science (New York, N.Y.)	非研究性文章类型: News
42649312	Does the shingles vaccine cut heart-disease risk? Mounting evidence suggests a link.	Nature	非研究性文章类型: News
42649310	This pulsating muscle graft mimics benefits of exercise.	Nature	非研究性文章类型: News
42649304	Evolutionary mystery revealed by structures of a key enzyme in the synthesis of glycolipids.	Nature	非研究性文章类型: News
42642642	How to manage AI risks while reaping the benefits.	Nature	非研究性文章类型: News
42642641	AI-detection tools have made huge leaps forward - how good are they?	Nature	非研究性文章类型: News
42642639	The future of peer review requires AI support, not AI bans.	Nature	非研究性文章类型: News
42642638	Assessing students in the AI era.	Nature	非研究性文章类型: News
42642636	Amend copyright licences to halt AI misuse and reassert human control.	Nature	非研究性文章类型: News
42642635	How tech-enhanced sleep could improve rest but erode privacy.	Nature	非研究性文章类型: News
42642476	The brain struggles to make new neurons in people with depression.	Nature	非研究性文章类型: News
42642473	Daily briefing: Personalized mRNA vaccine shows promise for cancer.	Nature	非研究性文章类型: News
42629483	To shield the fetus, link a protein to these drugs.	Nature	非研究性文章类型: News
42629482	Daily briefing: People older than 100 have more cancer-killing cells.	Nature	非研究性文章类型: News
42629481	Briefing Chat: New narcolepsy drug could unlock host of novel brain therapies.	Nature	非研究性文章类型: News
42629480	Sleuth identifies dozens of studies that used the wrong antibody.	Nature	非研究性文章类型: News
42625037	Investors' sneak peak: can this AI tool spot the science that will lead to patents?	Nature	非研究性文章类型: News
42624074	Cuproptosis enters the cancer-immunity circuit.	Cell	非研究性文章类型: Journal Article, Comment
42624073	Protein condensate as a plant sunscreen.	Cell	非研究性文章类型: Journal Article, Comment
42623482	Touch and pain shape what brain imaging sees.	Science (New York, N.Y.)	非研究性文章类型: Journal Article, Comment
42623476	Key animal and plant disease lab stalled by biosafety issues.	Science (New York, N.Y.)	非研究性文章类型: News
42623461	Who checks what AI can do?	Science (New York, N.Y.)	非研究性文章类型: Editorial
42618761	Artefacts in single-cell mtDNA analyses misinform phylogenies.	Nature	非研究性文章类型: Letter, Comment
42618757	Reply to: Artefacts in single-cell mtDNA analyses misinform phylogenies.	Nature	非研究性文章类型: Letter
42618621	How do people live beyond 110? Abundance of cancer-killing cells might be key.	Nature	非研究性文章类型: News
42618615	Human organoids that mimic brain development grown for years in lab.	Nature	非研究性文章类型: News
42618612	Virus deploys a 'loose cannon' enzyme to overpower bacterial defences.	Nature	非研究性文章类型: News
42618611	Psychedelics tune the brain to the environment.	Nature	非研究性文章类型: News
42613482	A revolutionary stem-cell therapy must proceed responsibly to achieve its full potential.	Nature	非研究性文章类型: News
42613446	Daily briefing: Narcolepsy drug could kick off an Ozempic-style moment for the brain.	Nature	非研究性文章类型: News
42612630	Sequencing-free whole-genome spatial transcriptomics at single-molecule resolution.	Cell	非研究性文章类型: Published Erratum
42608586	First-of-its-kind narcolepsy drug opens door to new therapies for the brain.	Nature	非研究性文章类型: News
42601497	Briefing Chat: Anthropic rolls out new AI watermark - will it make a difference?	Nature	非研究性文章类型: News
42595889	Can Anthropic's invisible watermarks curb 'AI slop'? Researchers remain sceptical.	Nature	非研究性文章类型: News
42595888	AI isn't ready to research itself.	Nature	非研究性文章类型: News
42594217	A boost for chemical vaccination against malaria.	Science (New York, N.Y.)	非研究性文章类型: Journal Article, Comment
42594210	Tau can wreak havoc in brain cells' energy factories.	Science (New York, N.Y.)	非研究性文章类型: News
42594195	Magic or realism?	Science (New York, N.Y.)	非研究性文章类型: News
42587176	Rattlesnakes' own antivenom could protect humans too.	Nature	非研究性文章类型: News
42587170	Human brain stimulation engages different gene programs in different cell types.	Nature	非研究性文章类型: News
42587169	How the human brain can pursue two goals at the same time.	Nature	非研究性文章类型: News
42587122	A controversial Alzheimer's surgery is said to reverse symptoms - here's what scientists know.	Nature	非研究性文章类型: News
42581312	AI tools speed up analysis, but scientific truths must be grounded in reality.	Nature	非研究性文章类型: News
42581217	HIV vaccines guide rare immune cells to make broadly neutralizing antibodies.	Nature	非研究性文章类型: News
42576042	Where are you ticklish? Researchers map the sensation across cultures.	Nature	非研究性文章类型: News
42576041	How and when to use artificial intelligence in your science job application.	Nature	非研究性文章类型: News
...	...	...	共 114 篇，此处仅列出前 50 篇

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本报告由自动化流程生成，精选文献的中文翻译、摘要解读与趋势分析部分已由人工复核填充。